Right choice and service air purifiers for tobacco smoke significantly reduces the concentration of smoke in casinos, restaurants, bars, smoking rooms and other public areas. To clean the room atmosphere from the smell of tobacco, the devices are equipped with carbon filters that absorb volatile gases. Electrostatic filters are installed in devices for removing soot from atmospheric gas.

Modern design of household smoke air purifier provides for the installation of an effective photo catalytic filter. The principle of operation of the filter is to oxidize odors, organic compounds, toxic impurities and decompose them under the influence of ultraviolet radiation into neutral components of clean air.

Considering that the size of the destroyed particles is negligible (up to 0.001 microns) small, a device with a photocatalytic filter does not pollute the device itself. Ultraviolet radiation in such devices removes up to 90% of the odor of tobacco combustion products in 1-2 minutes.

Design smoke air purifier provides for the intake of untreated gas from one side of the device, and clean air is released into the room from the other side. Thus, there is no mixing of flows of different concentrations of tobacco smoke, which achieves high quality cleaning.

Tobacco smoke air purifiers effectively eliminate the smell of tobacco, but do not remove the smoke itself from the breathing gas in the room. This means that to remove smoke, exhaust ventilation is necessary.

I purchased this air purifier in 2014 for 7 thousand rubles. There was a need for an air purifier in the apartment, as pieces of furniture and old parquet began to give off an unpleasant odor. Based on reviews on the Internet, we chose this model - AIC 20B06.

The purifier works as follows: it has holes on the sides for air intake, the purified air comes out from above the device itself, very thoughtfully, since the device provides high air circulation in the room. In general, all the holes are made correctly, thereby processing a large volume of air.

As for whether the air purifier copes with its task, otherwise the device may be working and it is not even known whether the air is becoming cleaner; it is not visible to the eye. But it really cleans the air of odors and dust! Since I have some problems with odor in my apartment, which also causes a sore throat, this cleaner solved this problem. When it is turned on, there is no smell, but when you turn off the device at night, the smell accumulates and is felt again in the morning (ventilating the rooms does not help with this).

Also clear example excellent work AIC 20B06. Once there was a fire in one of the apartments at our entrance; the smell of burning naturally penetrated through the cracks in the door; the entire corridor was shrouded in clouds of smoke. The air purifier was immediately turned on. And while it was working for several days, there was no smell of burning in the apartment at all, but as soon as the device was turned off, after 30-40 minutes the smell appeared again, and in the entrance the smell of burning persisted for about another month. This is how we were convinced of the effectiveness of the air purifier.

Externally, the air purifier is nice and fits into any room interior. The size is small. The kit includes a remote control that operates over a long distance. The air purifier does not operate very noisily, a night mode is provided, but this in fact means that the display itself becomes dimmer and that’s all, the noise of the device in this case does not change, it is exactly the same as operating the device at minimum speed (3 speeds in total). ). The purifier also has an ionization function and a UV lamp; they can be turned on/off with just one button; the effectiveness of this function has not yet been tested.

The chemical industry is moving forward by leaps and bounds, and today thousands of anthropogenic compounds are involved in technological processes, many of which have, to put it mildly, an unpleasant and often disgusting “aroma.”

In this regard, the interest of industry representatives in equipment that can effectively carry out such a process as cleaning or air filtration from odors.

Moreover, in the context of considering the topic of air pollution with foul-smelling compounds, both aesthetic and toxicological aspects should be noted. In addition to simple discomfort caused, for example, by a small concentration of skatole, mercaptans or amines in the workshop, the smell may indicate the presence of much more dangerous substances in the industrial atmosphere.

The origin of the word “mercaptan” is interesting. It is formed by shortening the English expression Mer cury Capt ure (mercury capture) due to the ability to effectively bind mercury-containing compounds.

Olfactometric oil odor map after a collision between two oil barges, USA, Texas, May 11, 2019, source: Houston Weather Service

In addition, one must consider the fact that many of the dangerous, carcinogenic and mutagenic gases and liquids are odorless (and some, for example, smell pleasant), being invisible but merciless killers.

Therefore, if there is the slightest suspicion of a hazardous substance leak, you should immediately consider updating or upgrading your current filtration infrastructure.

PZGO LLC has been a leader in the industry for more than three decades. Russian market gas purification equipment, industrial aspiration and ventilation systems, the average efficiency of which in relation to purification (filtration, separation and disposal) of unwanted gases, aerosols, mists, fumes and vapors tends to 100% .

Odorous substances as obvious markers of pollution, some MPCs

In general, the presence of an unpleasant “spirit” in an industrial atmosphere indicates that the substance already dissipated, left the place of its deployment, and in this case it is possible to clear the air of the smell only through centralized ventilation. Moreover, sticky and oily aerosols that coat production surfaces often cannot be removed using an air suction device.

In order to prevent odorous/unwanted components from entering the aeroclimate of a workshop or site, it is necessary to install filters and ventilation ducts precisely in those places where the concentration of pollutants is maximum: above the digesters of a food plant, heating/frying lines, above mixing tanks, at the outlet of the paint booth , over the laser machine.

Table: MPC of some dangerous and foul-smelling substances chemical substances

Many of the above compounds are familiar to everyone: vinegar, ethyl alcohol, camphor oil, naphthalene, acetone. But it is better not to get acquainted with substances such as phosgene (which, by the way, smells like rotten mown grass).

Even though phosgene was developed as a weapon mass destruction for the fronts of the First World War, it is still used today at organic synthesis enterprises. Phosgene is one of the key components in the production of polycarbonate. There is NO antidote to treat phosgene poisoning.

Filters and equipment for neutralizing industrial odors

When considering air odor filters, it should be noted that the capture of industrial odorants is carried out by the same types of equipment that are designed to provide “traditional” air purification from harmful or unwanted impurities. The logic here is straightforward: there is no substance - there is nothing to smell. The better the pollutant is removed from the air, the more favorable (and safe) it will be for breathing.

Thioketones - Probably the most powerful-smelling compounds. For example, you can smell thioacetone when it is present in the air in a volume ratio of 1/10*12. To make it clearer, compare a piece of paper with the area of ​​the Moscow region

One of the most extensive and important areas in gas purification are wet (absorption) and dry (adsorption) approaches. Let's evaluate both methods using the example of removing some common foul-smelling pollutants.

Methods for removing hydrogen sulfide odor

Hydrogen sulfide is clearly felt even at a concentration of 1.5 mg/m3 (and the lethal concentration is only 0.1% of inhaled air). The danger of H 2 S lies not only in its toxicological effects, but also in its ability to create explosive mixtures with air.

Hydrogen sulfide odor filters are especially in demand due to the fact that at a certain concentration, hydrogen sulfide paralyzes the olfactory nerve, and the smell of rotten eggs is no longer perceptible to humans. The negative impact of gas on the body continues.

Chemical odor removal can be carried out using both wet absorbers and dry adsorption columns. Each deodorization method has its own advantages, which are fully revealed in specific production conditions.

Please note that the functionality of the devices described below also correlates with the detention any other odoriferous, toxic or technologically undesirable components of the air flow.

Wet sorption in scrubbers and absorption plants

Absorption is the process of retaining a gas component in a volume of a liquid reagent. In the case of hydrogen sulfide, alkaline solutions demonstrate maximum reagent efficiency.

Particular example:H 2S+NaOH (caustic soda solution) →NaHS (sodium hydrosulfide) +H 2O

Sodium hydrosulfide obtained as a result of air purification measures can be disposed of economically. As for the physical aspects of the interaction of the pollutant with the absorbent, the following design options for the devices are possible (the choice of which depends on the conditions of the site and the wishes of the Customer).

Video presentation of an absorption plant for the absorption of fluorine and hydrogen chloride from sludge

To obtain detailed information on the devices, their characteristics and principles of operation, please follow the blue links (they will open in a new window).

1. Gas capture in . The working chamber is filled with stationary bodies with a large specific surface area, on top of which an alkaline solution is sprayed. Deodorization occurs at the interphase boundary of the liquid microfilm;
2. Hydrogen sulfide recovery (especially in combination with other pollutants) in (APID). The working chamber is filled with polypropylene balls, which move chaotically (boil) in an alkaline solution;
3. The air purifier for smoke and odors can be made in the form of. The main factor in the retention (deblocker) of the pollutant is a self-sustaining layer of unstable foam formed on the surface of the supporting perforated plates due to the passage of air flow through the holes.

Each of the units, when selecting the right absorbent, is capable of showing odor purification efficiency in the range of 96-99.9%.

The advantages of wet cleaning performed by scrubbers of the ShV series are:

• Ability to process wet environments without prior drying - aerosol mists, vapors, fumes, emulsions, suspensions;
• Possibility of parallel operation as a dust collector, including for the retention of sticky, viscous, clumping dusts of high concentrations, as well as ash, soot (combining mechanical and chemical deactivation of the flow);
• Processing of high-temperature environments, including those with high chemical activity (sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, HCl, H 2 SO 4, carbon disulfide, H 2 S);
• Sorbent filters with rational selection of reagents can generate valuable sludge;
• Self-cleaning, no need to replace any functional elements;
• Flexibility, simplicity, quick changeover, full automation of work, affordability, durability and reliability.

Deodorization of gases in adsorption blocks

Another type of chemical odor neutralization is dry adsorption. has its own important features:

• The method is regenerative. This means that the captured components can be subsequently extracted from the adsorbent (for example, after treating hydrogen sulfide from activated carbon, high-purity elemental sulfur can be extracted);
• Wide choose sorbents allow you to effectively retain a wide range of odorants;
• Adsorbers are not intended for processing humidified streams (in the case of processing humid media, to maintain the nominal efficiency of the device, a dryer must be installed in front of the column);
• There is a need for regeneration (purging) of the absorbent, as well as - periodically - a complete reload of the deblocker (activated carbon, silica gel, zeolite) due to overgrowing of active pores;
• Among other things, it is desirable to install two or more adsorbers at once: one operates in deodorizer mode, the second in filler regeneration mode.

Adsorbent granules – activated carbon

At the same time, adsorption columns show ≈ 100% efficiency against a variety of gaseous pollutants, which makes it extremely rational to use them as final, sanitary links in multi-stage systems and complexes of industrial air and gas purification.

Deodorization of spray booths

Air purification from paint odors paint booth can be carried out effectively using wet scrubbers model range"SHV".

Powder painting process

We will quickly deliver gas cleaning, ventilation and aspiration equipment throughout Russia, the CIS, Europe and Asia and, if necessary, carry out fast and professional installation, commissioning and commissioning.

PZGO LLC – breathe easy!

A biofilter is a biologically active fixed bed reactor for purifying air or water. Its main purpose is to filter gaseous impurities and substances dissolved in the substance being purified, rather than solid particles.

The idea of ​​purifying exhaust air biologically arose in the seventies of the twentieth century, but was first put into practice only in 1980 thanks to intensive research by scientists. Based on microbiological techniques, a few years later the concept of a modular plant with universal application was developed.

The oxygenate is closed and poorly ventilated. When ozone is converted to oxygen, it allows you to breathe cleaner air. Rooms Sleeping facilities in a virus-free, hygienic and odor-free environment help residents feel more comfortable and safe. Ozone not only keeps the user safe from infections, but also makes the user feel very satisfied. In addition to respiratory allergies, dermatitis causing eczema should also be considered. Although dust mites, pollen, fungi, etc. cannot be completely eliminated in any environment, ozone can be brought to acceptable levels for allergy sufferers.

Biofiltration is a relatively simple and cost-effective process for treating exhaust air containing volatile organic compounds and odors. At the same time, microorganisms decompose harmful and odorous substances into harmless products such as carbon dioxide and water. Biofilters are used primarily for air purification. For specific cases, biological wastewater treatment is also possible, based on a similar principle.

Additionally, when a resident suffers from infectious disease or incontinence, “mattresses and pillows are burned; but ozonation allows reuse under optimal hygienic conditions, avoiding the replacement of these items, which are always much more expensive,” explains Inez.

Therefore, they are centers of disease transmission. When using ozone, make sure you are breathing clean air, free of odors and germs. Prices Overall, ozonated water cleaning eliminates the use of chemicals in cleaning and maintenance procedures and also provides high level sanitation. These ozonated water treatment systems can save time, reduce costs and protect the environment.

Biological exhaust air treatment uses microorganisms to remove harmful substances from the air through microbiological degradation. Various microorganisms, such as bacteria or fungi, act as decomposers.

The whole process boils down to the following: microorganisms convert harmful substances with the help of oxygen into carbon dioxide and water, which means that we're talking about about the reaction of matter decay.

For example, use in laundries is an effective alternative that reduces hot water consumption, reduces wash time, saves detergent, increases whiteness, and increases clothing life. This system can be installed in small washing machines as well as in large washing tunnels. Simply put, ozone gas must be transferred to the water.

According to the World Health Organization, food hygiene includes all necessary measures to ensure the sanitary safety of food, maintaining all other qualities that are its own, with special attention to nutritional content.

This reaction can only occur when harmful substances pass from a gaseous state to a liquid state, since water constitutes the living space of microorganisms. That is why the transition of harmful substances into liquid state is the most important factor everyone biological methods. Only those microorganisms that can survive in the best possible way adapt to the prevailing conditions and nutritional base. In this case, we are always talking about a mixture of various heterotrophic species that use harmful substances in the air as a source of carbon and energy.

Microorganisms are present in the environment and in all living things. Food contamination comes from any of these sources, and processing and distribution operations provide new opportunities for contamination. To prevent food contamination, it is important that kitchens maintain not only proper cleaning conditions, but also hygiene hygiene. In cold rooms where fruits and vegetables are stored, ozone quickly eliminates possible microbial contamination, which means longer storage times in the rooms.

Types and methods of operating biofilters

There are different types of biofilters depending on their method of operation and application. For example:

• flat sleeve,
• container type,
• for wells,
• storey,
• cell phone,
• tower.

But in all types of devices, the exhaust air passes through some kind of filter material.

As for industrial fume hoods, although they have some filtration and retention of condensed vapors, oils and greases, the resulting air is very imperfect in all aspects. In addition, microcontamination that forms inside the exhaust channels can be very high. Each ozone can also successfully combat it, Ynes manifests.

In addition, as the Ozone 21 manager explained, other types of odors come from kitchens that contribute to indoor air pollution in centers: cooking, frying, etc. Ozone perfectly controls these emissions, and if the device is placed in input outputs kitchens, an ozone curtain is created, which prevents odors from entering the residence, and also leaves food directly in the premises; ozone, in addition to eliminating odors produced by the food industry, guarantees its complete safety and helps maintain better taste and textures for its consumption,” says Rodriguez-Rosello.

In some cases, an air-washing chamber is located in front of the biofilter, in which the gas acquires a relative humidity of almost 100%. This should prevent the material from drying out. In addition, if necessary, solid particles are removed from the gas in the air washing chamber. The raw gas, saturated with water vapor and cleared of dust, enters directly into the biofilter, which contains the filter material. Thanks to additional irrigation, it always remains moist. This is where microorganisms live. When passing through the filter layer, substances in the exhaust air are sorbed on the surface of the material, thus becoming a nutritional base for the bacteria living here.

Ozone against chlorine and bleach. Although chlorine is the most widely used method, "chlorine is a toxic halogen gas that causes serious health damage if exposed to significant quantities in its pure state." Meanwhile, ozone is a gas that ends up dissociating and returning to be oxygen without causing any harm, Rodriguez-Rosello insists. And, most importantly, chlorine has an unpleasant odor in the face of ozone, “which is colorless and tasteless.”

Finally, this expert points out that chlorine needs a warehouse to store the product, but ozone does not, since it is a generator. As for bleach, Ozone 21 is a toxic agent that is highly corrosive and can cause burns or irritation to the skin, eyes and respiratory system. If swallowed, it can cause serious health problems and should never be mixed with ammonia as the fumes they produce are very harmful. Ozone has none of these problems and their disinfecting power is much greater than that of lye.

To guarantee high microbial activity in the filter, optimal conditions for the life of microorganisms must be maintained: pH level, humidity, temperature and regular supply of nutrients. Practice shows that mixed microbial populations developing in biofilters are very resilient if the above conditions are met.

In addition, ozone is more effective, safer and non-aggressive to fabric fibers. Installation of ozone generators. The size of ozone generators and their installation depend on the intended use. For specific room dosing or shock treatment, we may use a portable unit or separate ozone generators. the benefits it creates "are not an expensive product and represent more of an investment than the cost of servicing."

In the same vein, José Juan Rodríguez-Rosello points out that Ozone 21 recommends the most suitable ozone generator and its installation for each application point. For example, in bathrooms, bedrooms and family rooms can be installed in a suspended ceiling, as it only requires electric outlet. But there are also mobile phones that do not require installation. Meanwhile, water models are easy to place on the faucet and, depending on their use, may or may not require electricity.

Filter material

There are also certain requirements for the filter material.

It must have a large specific surface and at the same time a comfortable breeding area for microorganisms, which:

• retains moisture well,
• allows only a slight drop in pressure during the passage of gas,
• independently regulates pH fluctuations,
• ensures uniform passage through the filter layer,
• has a low decay rate.

In addition, microorganisms must be supplied with inorganic nutrients and trace elements. The following materials can be used as a filter layer:

From a cost perspective, Rodriguez-Rosello notes that the use of ozone improves the quality of life for residents, their families and workers. In addition, all people will have better health, which Ozone 21 not only sells the devices, but also rents them at a lower price and includes the use of ozone generators. installation, report on ozone measurements in the places where it is installed, supervision and replacement of devices with others in perfect condition once a year.

Did you know that ozone is used for cleaning and that it is a better disinfectant than chlorine and bleach? If you are looking for an alternative cleaning technique and are truly respectful of environment, then ozone cleaning is what you need. Ozone has hygienic and deodorizing properties. Ozonation may be your best choice after painting your home or getting a job done. Continue reading and learn all the properties, uses and benefits of ozone cleaning.

• Compost from wood or waste
• Heather, brushwood or coconut fibers
• Peat products
• Paper granulate

Additionally, inert materials such as expanded clay, styrofoam or polystyrene are added for loosening. At the same time, the filter layer is not only a carrier for microorganisms, but also a supplier nutrients.

What is ozone and what is it for?

Ozone is a molecule made up of three oxygen atoms. In its natural state, ozone is a somewhat bluish gas with a pleasant odor. Although ozone molecules are present in the air, they do not serve as a disinfectant. To achieve this function, we will need ozone generators, also known as ozonizers.

When these molecules come into contact with particles that cause infections or stench, they are removed and converted into oxygen. Ozone applied to environments or surfaces that are stained or that produce an unpleasant odor has numerous benefits.

Advantages and disadvantages of biofiltration

When operating a biofilter, the main problem is to prevent drying out or excessive moistening of the filter layer, and, consequently, ensuring uniform passage of contaminated air through it.

This can be achieved, first of all, by encapsulating biofilters. The disadvantages of these devices include the following:

Ozone disinfection is very effective as it eliminates bacteria, germs, fungi and other microorganisms. These molecules are also able to stop unpleasant odors caused even by fish. . Ozone disinfects and leaves well. However, it does not affect the material on which it is applied. That is, it leaves the surface new and does not change its fire retardant or acoustic insulating properties.

Disinfecting effects of ozone

Professional Ozone Cleaning Services

• Ozone acts against each of them and destroys them.
• In addition, it slows down their growth and prevents them from appearing again.
• Virucidal effect.

• large footprint
• energy costs for increasing pressure
• need for additional irrigation

However, compared to other techniques, for example, air ionization using ionizing tubes, constant biological process cleaning due to CO2 savings and numerous economic aspects (average purchase costs, long service life, average production costs) is more profitable.

Office cleaning with ozone

More and more companies and individuals are discovering the benefits of this gas and deciding to hire an ozone purifier for their facilities. Offices are workplaces that are usually closed, so the air you breathe is concentrated. In addition, there are many people who usually go to their post even if they have a little cold. The main problem is that workers use the same printer and touch door handles, but they don't always have clean hands. In addition, they cough, sneeze and breathe the same air.

Technological basics

The technological basis is essentially biochemical oxidation and, at the same time, the decomposition and transformation of materials by bacteria, fungi and yeast into substances that are harmless and do not have unpleasant odors.

The prerequisites are that the hazardous materials are water-soluble, biodegradable and non-toxic to microorganisms.

Therefore, there is a high risk of infection between them. The best preventative measure to take care of the health of all company members is to arrange for good office cleaning services. Daily tasks are very important, but we cannot forget about integral cleaning. From time to time, any office needs the carpets cleaned, the upholstery cleaned, or the roof cleaned.

Maintaining impeccable ventilation ducts also important for breathing good air quality. An ozone air purifier can be very beneficial for a fresh and fresh environment. The processes that take place there collect large amounts of dirt and bacteria. Each industry has different cleaning needs, and while all of this needs to be done strictly, special attention must be paid to the food sector.

The rapidly growing population of microorganisms living on the filter layer uses volatile organic compounds contained in polluted air for their own metabolic processes. Decomposition occurs under aerobic conditions and sufficient oxygen. The latter is ensured by its sufficient content directly in the air. It is necessary to use exhaust air saturated with water vapor, since the filter material must be moist.

Application areas of biofilters

• Biofilters are used for biological air purification in the following areas:
• Cleaning stations Wastewater
• Solid waste landfills, waste treatment plants
• Enterprises for painting surfaces using solvents (metal, wood, plastics)
• Food processing, mushroom farms, smokehouses
• Oil mills and malting companies
• Agricultural installations
• Biogas plants, processing of gas from organic waste
• Cattle farms
• Feed production plants
• Slaughterhouses
• Sludge drying plants
• Industrial production complexes

Biofiltration to eliminate unpleasant odors

The main area of ​​application of biological filtration devices is air purification from unpleasant odors. The microbiological breakdown of odor-producing substances into carbon dioxide and water occurs at ambient temperature, so there is no need to use additional energy or additives. Therefore, the production costs of this process are very negligible. In many areas, biofiltration is becoming an integral part of the technical equipment of production.

In Europe, thousands of biofiltration devices are used to eliminate unpleasant odors coming from a wide variety of emission sources. Unbearable odor problems are often found in the vicinity of wastewater treatment plants, landfills, foundries, breweries, food processing plants, animal housing, waste treatment plants, agricultural enterprises and slaughterhouses. Biofiltration is the least expensive and most reliable method for destruction unpleasant odors- its degree of effectiveness reaches 99%.

Biofilters for sewer wells

Biofilters for wells are installed directly under the splash guard in the well shaft, thereby preventing strong odors from escaping from the sewer. They contain an integrated splash guard and a filter layer (a mixture of peat and a composite for microorganisms). Water coming from the surface is directed into a suction socket under the slurry collector and discharged through a waste pipe. The rubber gasket prevents the escape of untreated air. Modern filters no longer prevent air leakage. Modern paper-based filters do not require additional maintenance and operate for 5 to 6 years without constant monitoring and maintenance. Their effectiveness is about 99%.

Application

Designed to effectively eliminate unpleasant odors from municipal or industrial sewerage.

Action

Microorganisms in the biofilter neutralize unpleasant odors before they escape.

Design

HDPE (High Density Poly-Ethylene) and stainless steel construction ensures device durability (~7 years)

Container type biofilters

The main purpose of biofiltration is to bring microorganisms into contact with contaminants contained in the air stream. The filtration material that makes up the soil for growing microorganisms is placed inside the biofilter. During the biofiltration process, a stream of polluted air penetrates the biofilter, where the absorption process occurs through the filtration material. The decomposition effect produces metabolic intermediates in the form of CO2 and H2O.

Advantages:

• There is no waste requiring special treatment.
• Pollution is decomposed into neutral compounds such as: H2O, CO2 and biomass.
• The biomass is stored inside the apparatus and after a certain period of time is composted along with the filter material.
• Properly designed biofilters require virtually no maintenance.
• Exceptionally low investment costs as well as low operating costs compared to traditional air purification methods.

Exhaust air requirements

The most important prerequisites for the functioning of biofilters are:

• Maintaining favorable temperature conditions (+5°C - +55°C).
• Irrigation of the filter layer to prevent it from drying out.
• Preventing the formation of cracks and cracks in the filter layer.
• The substances to be cleaned must be water-soluble.
• The substances to be cleaned must be biodegradable.
• Regular supply of nutrients to the habitat of microorganisms.

Links

H.C. Flemming and J. Wingender (2010). Nature Reviews Microbiology.

Joseph S. Devinny, Marc A. Deshusses and Todd S. Webster (1999). Biofiltration for Air Pollution Control.

Hermann Bubinger, Hans-Gerd Schwinning (1992). Grundlagen und Anwendungsbeispiele der Biofiltertechnologie.

Andreas Oberhammer (1997). Verfahren zur gleichmäßigen Befeuchtung ener Filtermasse

Air purification from dust at meat industry enterprises is carried out in accordance with technological and environmental requirements.

To clean supply and recirculation air in air conditioners, self-cleaning oil filters are used. Air purification in supply ventilation systems is carried out in cell oil filters.

Cleaning the supply air from dust is provided for workshops (departments) for raw materials, stuffing, machinery, semi-finished products and packaged meat, as well as varnishing shops for tin and can production.

Dust in the meat industry is released during the preparation of feed, crushing and sifting feed flour, during the preparation of dumplings (sifting flour and other operations), as well as in poultry reception workshops (departments). The released dust is mainly of organic origin, some of its types (flour, feed) are capable of forming explosive mixtures with air.

Cleaning the air removed by local suction from meat and bone, feed, grain and other dust before release into the atmosphere

should be carried out in efficient cyclones, and if necessary, in bag filters, up to the permissible residual dust concentration.

When using air for recirculation, two-stage cleaning is required. In departments for the production of bone meal from dried bone, two-stage air purification from bone dust should be carried out: Stage I - battery cyclones, Stage II - cyclones with a water film or cyclone-washers (see Chapter 6).

Emission into the atmosphere of air removed by general ventilation systems from the premises of workshops (departments) of technical and feed products, skinning and raw materials, varnishing and lithography shops of tin and can production, machine and equipment rooms of ammonia refrigeration units, as well as removed by local suction from equipment (boilers) , frying and gas ovens, drying chambers, sterilizers, baths for various purposes, vacuum apparatus, paraffiners, etc.), may be provided without cleaning.

Elimination of unpleasant odors, purification of air from microorganisms discussed in Chap. 6. For meat industry enterprises, these issues are of particular importance, since products that are processed and stored at industry enterprises are a very favorable environment for the development of microflora and the occurrence of unpleasant odors. The number of microorganisms in the air of such premises can reach 10 5 or more units per 1 m 3

People living near meat processing plants often complain about the unpleasant odor emanating from these plants. This happens especially often in the summer and in certain wind directions.

*

The destruction of microorganisms is achieved by ozonation, irradiation with bactericidal lamps, the creation of an increased content of carbon dioxide in closed rooms (chambers), and air ionization. A method of eliminating unpleasant odors is to filter the air through a layer of activated carbon. Typically, special cartridges with a perforated surface filled with coal are used for these purposes.

To remove gases that carry unpleasant odors, as well as microorganisms, regular ventilation of premises with outside air is used during the cold season. A good effect is achieved by general ventilation and air removal using local suction.

As a result of the decomposition of ozone - a triatomic oxygen molecule - monoatomic oxygen is released, which has high chemical activity. It reacts intensively with odor carriers, as a result of which the odor disappears, and oxidizes microorganisms, suppressing their vital functions. As a result of treatment with ozone with an air concentration of 40 mg/m 3 for 3-12 hours a day, 60-100% of microorganisms die in 5 days. Recommended ozone concentrations: in storage rooms for meat products - 1-2 mg/m3, in storage rooms for eggs - 1.5-3 mg/m3, for odor removal in rooms - 5-10 mg/m3.

Almost complete air purification from microorganisms is ensured by fine filters with FP fabric (see Chapter 6). It is also possible to use other filters in which, for example, methylene grün is used for bactericidal effects.

To suppress the development of microorganisms, carbon dioxide is supplied to the air in the meat storage chambers. Its recommended concentration is 10% at a temperature of 0 °C.

To destroy or suppress microorganisms, ultraviolet irradiation is used with the help of special bactericidal lamps filled with mercury vapor. Lamps are installed in air ducts and directly in rooms.

In the storage chamber of chilled meat half-carcasses at an air temperature of 0-10 ° C, relative humidity 85-90%, air mobility up to 0.3-0.5 m/s, bactericidal lamps with a power of 0.15 W are placed at a distance of 600- 800 mm. As a result of turning on the lamps for 30 minutes, 95.3% of microorganisms in the upper part of the room and 78.5% in the lower part are destroyed.

As a result of ultraviolet irradiation, air conditions improve, which leads to an increase in the shelf life of products. When bactericidal lamps are turned on in the sausage storage room for 6 hours a day at an air temperature of 16 C and a relative humidity of 85%, the quality of cooked sausages is maintained for up to 6 days, and for semi-smoked sausages for up to 25 days.

Air ionization leads to the deposition of microorganisms from the air onto building structures. In combination with treating these structures with bactericidal solutions (for example, bleach), this method gives good results.