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Timber buildings are a distinctive part of Russia's architectural heritage, especially in traditional villages in the north of the country. For more than a thousand years, until the 18th century, literally all buildings were built from wood, including houses, barns, mills, princely palaces and temples. It all started with simple wooden domes, but over the centuries, wooden architecture in Russia has reached such a degree of grace that the beauty of some of these religious complexes is still admired to this day. Particularly interesting are the traditional wooden churches of northern Russia.
Working without hammers or nails, Russian architects erected such incredible structures as the 24-domed Intercession Church in Vytegra (built in 1708 and burned down in 1963) and the 22-domed Transfiguration Church on the island of Kizhi (built in 1714).
None of the first wooden churches have survived, but some cathedrals built in the early 18th century managed to survive both harsh winters and communist persecution of the church, when magnificent churches were burned or desecrated for almost a hundred years. Most of the miraculously preserved churches are now in a state of dilapidation and desolation.
When, at the end of the 19th century, the famous Russian artist and illustrator folk tales Ivan Yakovlevich Bilibin visited the northern part of Russia, he saw these unique wooden churches with his own eyes and literally fell in love with them. With his photographs taken during a trip to the north, Bilibin managed to draw people's attention to the deplorable state of wooden churches. It was thanks to his efforts and the sale of postcards that money was raised to restore 300-year-old churches. But almost a century and a half has passed since then, and many wooden churches of the Russian North are again in need of restoration.
1. Kizhi Pogost
Kizhi or Kizhi Pogost is located on one of the many islands of Lake Onega in Karelia. This architectural ensemble includes two beautiful wooden churches from the 18th century and an octagonal bell tower (also made of wood), which was built in 1862. A real pearl of Kizhi architecture is the 22-domed Transfiguration Church with a large iconostasis - a wooden altar partition covered with religious portraits and icons. 
The roof of the Transfiguration Church in Kizhi was made of spruce boards, and its domes were covered with aspen. The design of these complex superstructures also provided effective system ventilation, which ultimately saved the structure of the church from collapse.
This massive church, approximately 37 meters high, was made entirely of wood, making it one of the tallest log structures in the world. Not a single nail was used during the construction process.
During the 1950s, dozens of other churches were moved to the island for preservation purposes. various parts Karelia, and today 80 historical wooden structures form a national museum under open air.
2. Church in Suzdal
In Suzdal (Vladimir region) you can find at least 4 interesting wooden churches built between the 13th and 18th centuries. 
Some of them are exhibits of the Museum of Wooden Architecture, created in Suzdal.
3. Church of All Saints in Surgut
The temple in the name of all the saints who shone in the land of Siberia, built in Surgut, was restored in 2002 according to all the canons of Orthodox architecture - a wooden structure without a single nail. And they collected it in the very place where the Cossacks founded the city and built the first church. Church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary
Church of the Nativity Holy Mother of God was built in 1531 in the village of Peredki. Subsequently, it was moved to the open-air museum of Vitoslavlitsa. 4. Church of Elisha the Ugodnik on Sidozero
Church of the Holy Prophet Elisha Ugodnika is located in the Podporozhsky district of the Leningrad region on the shore of Lake Sidozero, not far from the holiday village of Yakovlevskaya. Previously, not far from the village and in close proximity to the church there was the village of Yakovlevskoye (Sidozero village). Now there are no residential buildings left near the church - only on the other side. 
The Orthodox church was built in 1899. The building is wooden, on a stone foundation, but at the same time it has the shape of the Russian eclectic style, characteristic of stone architecture. Closed in the late 1930s.
The fate of the church is sad: apparently, its value has faded in comparison with its luxurious and ancient neighbors - churches in Soginitsy and Shcheleiki. Vazhinakh and Gimrek, even awarded the status of objects cultural heritage(architectural monuments) of federal significance and comprehensive restoration in the 1970s, and, in general, are doing well.
The Church of Elisha on Sidozero was not included in any high lists (and guidebooks) in the middle of the last century, apparently due to its age and style, but is now completely abandoned and neglected, has fallen into disrepair - it probably has only a few years left 5-10, until it turns into ruin... But what did not attract due attention from specialists in the 20th century - the stylish beauty of the church - half a century later is its undeniable and extremely attractive advantage
5. Church of the Resurrection of Christ, Suzdal
The Resurrection Church from the village of Potakino was transported to Suzdal. This church was founded in 1776. What stands out in particular is the bell tower, which is built into the church itself. 6. Church of St. George the Victorious in Malye Korely
Initially, the Church in the name of St. George the Victorious was built in the village of Vershiny in 1672. During reconstruction, it was transported to the Arkhangelsk State Museum of Wooden Architecture and folk art"Small Korely". Verkhnyaya Sanarka is a small village in the Plastovsky district of the Chelyabinsk region. Cossacks once lived here. Today, many people strive to visit this village to see a unique attraction - the wooden church of the icon of the Mother of God “Quick to Hear”. This amazing church was built over three years - from 2002 to 2005. 
The uniqueness of the church is that it was built using ancient Russian technology of wooden architecture. The builders specially went to Kizhi to learn this skill. It's hard to believe, but the temple was built without a single nail.
Wooden structures impregnated with special substances that protect against fire and rotting. Now the main misfortune from which all Russian wooden churches suffered - fire - is not terrible for this church.
The temple has an upper and lower room, and can accommodate 300 believers at a time. The height of the church is 37 meters.
8. Church of St. Nicholas in Veliky Novgorod
Temple of the Vladimir Icon of God
The Church of the Vladimir Icon of God, built in 1757, today is a monument of federal significance. The temple stands on the high bank of the Onega River. Externally, the temple is quite strong; the “sky” has been preserved from the interior. In some places the roof was destroyed. The central part of the temple sags down and pulls the borders adjacent to it along with it. Serious restoration work is needed. 13. Church of the Great Martyr George the Victorious, village of Permogorye
Monument of federal significance. The temple is located on the banks of the Northern Dvina and is unique with three domes on a cross-shaped barrel. In 2011, the planks on the roof of the refectory were replaced, the roof around the perimeter was partially repaired, and a drainage ditch was dug around the temple. 14. Church of the Transfiguration of the Lord, Nimenga village.
The village is located on the shores of the White Sea. The Nimenga River picturesquely circles the temple on three sides. The photos were taken in June at two o'clock in the morning. The temple is very large in size. Restoration is currently required. 15. Chapel of Saints Zosima and Savvaty Solovetsky, Semenovskaya village
This is what the chapel of St. Zosima and Savvaty Solovetsky looks like after restoration work
Main types of Russian wooden temple
(as an encyclopedia)
This work was done in a somewhat unusual way for me; mainly only quotes are presented here.
The result is a kind of “encyclopedic” study, which contains excerpts from the works of Russian and Soviet researchers, historians and architects. Works on the history of Russian wooden architecture.
Wood, which has long been the most common building material among the Slavic peoples, was widely used in Russian architecture. Wooden buildings were erected faster, could be built in the summer and in the cold season, and were drier and warmer than stone ones. However, due to the fragility of wood as building material and the lack of surviving monuments, we cannot accurately restore the appearance of the disappeared wooden buildings of the most ancient periods of Russian architecture.
Only starting from the 15th - 16th centuries, we have the opportunity to supplement the history of the development of Russian stone architecture with characteristics of contemporary wooden architecture. This characteristic basically corresponds to the wooden architecture of earlier periods, since in wooden buildings of the 16th century. we encounter relics of a very distant time.
Wooden architecture was the most widespread in Rus': temples, fortresses, princely and boyar mansions, townspeople's houses, peasant huts, and outbuildings were built from wood. In wooden architecture, techniques for building composition were developed that corresponded to the everyday life and artistic tastes of the Russian people, often later transferred to stone architecture.
(History of Russian architecture: Academy of Architecture of the USSR, Institute of History and Theory of Architecture, M., 1956)
Our carpenters, when constructing wooden churches, adapted for them those constructive and artistic techniques that they were already well familiar with, and they had to invent the few that were missing in their stock. There was nowhere to borrow from because in the field of carpentry the Russians, of course, stood ahead of the Byzantines, who built almost exclusively from stone and brick.
The main types of Great Russian wooden temples:
1 - Kletsky temples,
2 - Tent temples,
3 - "Lubby" temples,
4 - Tiered temples,
5 - Multi-domed temples.
(Gornostaev F., Grabar I. E. Wooden architecture of the Russian north // Grabar I. E. History of Russian art. T. 1, M., 1910)
Examples of the main types of Russian wooden temples
And now in more detail about these five types of buildings, with a story about them and photographs.
1. Kletskaya Church
A wooden temple with a rectangular frame at the base of the composition and the simplest covering option.
(Pluzhnikov V.I. Terms of Russian architectural heritage. Dictionary-glossary. M., 1995)
Temples, cut in “kletski”, are scattered throughout Great Russia, but most often they are found in the central provinces, which, like the North, are not abundant in forests. Due to their planned design and similarity to a hut, these churches are small in size and do not require large financial expenditures for their construction. The simplest and probably the oldest type of temple consisted of one central large cage with two smaller sections from the east and west, standing directly on the ground, or, in popular parlance, “on the ground.” Covered with roofs on two slopes, the rise is completely similar to the usual rise of the roofs of dwellings, and shaded with a cross, this building fully satisfied its purpose from a purely liturgical point of view, but differed too little in its appearance from ordinary housing.
Church of the Resurrection of Lazarus, Kizhi Museum-Reserve. Photo: A. Lipilin
Kletsky churches are closest to residential buildings or even barns - a cage with a gable roof, a dome with a cross and a small refectory. Everything is extremely simple and unpretentious. And this is their main charm. In plan, it is a cage measuring 3x3 meters with two openings, an altar on the east side and a refectory on the west. The foundation is made of small boulders. The structure is very reminiscent of a simple hut
.
2. Wooden tent temple
The tent temple differs significantly from the cage temples both in its height and in its strongly emphasized upward tendency. It’s amazing how beautiful, how simple and rational, and how deeply thought out this national uniform temple. While maintaining the traditional three parts - the altar, the main room and the meal, the plans of the tented churches have one significant difference - the main part of the temple forms an octagon. The advantage of this shape over the tetrahedron lies, first of all, in the possibility of significantly increasing the capacity of the temple by using logs of even much shorter length than those needed for the tetrahedron.
But the most important advantage of tented churches lies in their central technique, which allows you to give the temple a cruciform appearance, easily surround it with chapels, refectories, galleries, and give all this an unusually picturesque and grandiose appearance with barrels and kokoshniks.
(Gornostaev F., Grabar I. E. Wooden architecture of the Russian north // Grabar I. E. History of Russian art. T. 1, M., 1910)
Despite the fact that the height of the tented temples was usually very high, sometimes downright colossal, their internal height was always very insignificant. This was done in order to retain heat in the church, since with the tents open from the inside, warm air would rise to their tops, and it would be very difficult to heat the entire mass.
(Krasovsky M.V. Course on the history of Russian architecture. Part 1: Wooden architecture. PG., 1916)
St. George's Church, Malye Karely Museum.
Photo: A. Lipilin.
Tent churches are very impressive. Already from the name it is clear that the main distinctive feature they have a high tower with a hipped roof. Many tented churches have survived, and in them you can find a wide variety of space-planning solutions.
3. Wooden cuboid temple
It is difficult to say what caused the appearance of that special covering of the tetrahedral temple, which was given the name “cube”. “Blocky” churches are found mainly in the Onega region and the oldest of them do not go back further than the half of the 17th century. One of the reasons that influenced the emergence of this form was, in part, the well-known ban on building tented churches. The builders were unable to completely and forever abandon the tent, which was too cherished and expensive for the northerner, and from the middle of the 17th century a feverish search for new forms was noticeable, one way or another reminiscent of and replacing the tent. Already the barrel-tent forms were a noticeable concession to the persistent pressure coming from Moscow, but still the tent was to a certain extent saved at the cost of five domes. And the people fell in love with this new type of temple, since the tent was intact and the barrels had long been near and dear to them.
Installing five chapters on a cube does not present any difficulties and, moreover, can be easily done according to the established order, i.e. at the corners of the temple. The convenience of applying the pentacephalon to the cube contributed to the further development of this technique.
(Gornostaev F., Grabar I. E. Wooden architecture of the Russian north // Grabar I. E. History of Russian art. T. 1, M., 1910)
Cube - boxy, or blocky, top; tetrahedral covering of quadrangles, reminiscent in shape of a massive onion-shaped head
(Opolovnikov A.V., Ostrovsky G.S. Wooden Rus'. Images of Russian wooden architecture. M., 1981)
Peter and Paul Church in the Pomeranian village of Virma
.
Photo: N. Telegin
Church of the Ascension in the Malye Karely Museum. Photo: A. Lipilin
4. Wooden tiered temple
The name “quadrangle on quadrangle”, assigned to churches built into several tiers, does not mean at all that the tiers are all quadrangular. In ancient acts, the same carpentry term is also used in cases where there are one or more octets on a quadrangle, or even no quadrangles at all, but only octets. Underneath it lies the concept of two or several cages placed one on top of the other, each upper one being somewhat smaller in width than the one underneath it.
(Gornostaev F., Grabar I. E. Wooden architecture of the Russian north // Grabar I. E. History of Russian art. T. 1, M., 1910)
Museum of Wooden Architecture Kostromskaya Sloboda
Church of Elijah the Prophet from the village of Verkhniy Berezovets near Soligalich, dating back to the turn of the 17th-18th centuries. Photo: Kirill Moiseev
Transfiguration Church, built in 1756 and brought here from the village. Kozlyatevo, Kolchuginsky district, Vladimir region.
Museum of Wooden Architecture in Suzdal. Photo: Vladimir-Dar
5. Wooden multi-domed temple
Five-headedness was already a well-known approach to multi-headedness.
At first glance, what is striking about the Kizhi Temple is the extraordinary, almost fantastical nature of this multi-domed structure, giving some kind of chaotic group of chapters and barrels, interspersed and alternating with each other. Then he stops the intricacy of the chapters hiding in the barrels. Only the rhythm of the latter suggests that there is a system and a plan here, and, moreover, an exceptional and unprecedented plan.
Despite the apparent chaos, everything is clear, sensible and logical. The architect who created this truly “wonderful marvel” can be called a deep connoisseur of his art and at the same time a son of his time, who was not averse to the new forms of “quadrangle on quadrangle”.
It boldly and cheerfully merges into one relaxed artistic whole both the innovation of the contemporary era and the rich heritage of forms created by the people
(Gornostaev F., Grabar I. E. Wooden architecture of the Russian north // Grabar I. E. History of Russian art. T. 1, M., 1910)
But the most surprising thing is different. The complexity of the composition of multi-domed churches is only apparent. Based on a few planned types (a rectangular log house with trusses, an octagon with two or four trusses and occasionally a cross-shaped log house, complicating and supplementing them with chapels, galleries and refectories, raising buildings to high basements and modifying the shape of the coverings, Russian architects achieved exceptional diversity in volume and silhouette of wooden churches.
(Opolovnikov A.V. Russian wooden architecture. M., 1986)
Ensemble in Kizhi. Church of the Transfiguration (summer) and Church of the Intercession (winter).
Photo: A. Lipilin
Church of the Transfiguration in Kizhi. The apotheosis of Russian wooden architecture, striking in its splendor.
Photo: A. Lipilin
The twenty-two-domed Transfiguration Church in Kizhi is the most famous and most popular monument of wooden architecture, which has become its symbol. This is a kind of personification of all the beauties of the ancient Russian wooden temple.
........................................ ........................................ .............................
This is a kind of “encyclopedic” study, which contains excerpts from the works of Russian and Soviet architects on the history of Russian wooden architecture.
The work consists of quotes drawn from the most famous scientific works our researchers. Starting from I.E. Grabar to our contemporary A.V. Opolovnikov. That is, from the beginning of the twentieth century to its end. More precisely, until the end of the Soviet period of our history, when systematic and large-scale work on the study and restoration of wooden architecture actually ended. Of course, work continues today, but on a completely different, more modest scale.
Types of temples have been created over many centuries, from the simplest - the cage type, to complex multi-domed structures. And the carpentry techniques developed over the years have created unique and inimitable buildings.
All photographs are taken only from articles published in the Architectural Style Magazine.
Literature:
1.Gornostaev F., Grabar I. E. Wooden architecture of the Russian north // Grabar I. E. History of Russian art. T. 1, M., 1910
2. Krasovsky M.V. Course on the history of Russian architecture. Part 1: Wooden architecture. PG., 1916
3. History of Russian architecture: Academy of Architecture of the USSR, Institute of History and Theory of Architecture, M., 1956
4. Opolovnikov A.V., Ostrovsky G.S. Wooden Rus'. Images of Russian wooden architecture. M., 1981
5. Opolovnikov A.V. Russian wooden architecture. M., 1986
…………………………………………………………………………...... .....
P.S. The article was prepared specifically for the Architectural Style Magazine.
If new photographs on this topic appear in our magazine, please inform us about this and send links. Additional photographs will be included in this study.
Kletsky churches
We can judge what the first Russian churches that have not reached us looked like from their images and buildings from a later time. Just like many churches were built “in the likeness” of already existing temples.
It is quite natural that with the accumulation of experience, new forms, techniques, and compositional solutions arose that coexisted with the more ancient ones.
The forms of the first stone churches in Rus' were borrowed from Byzantium. Wooden churches could not exactly copy the established forms of stone architecture, so the builders were faced with the task of finding new forms. The use of ready-made methods for constructing temples and kontyns, left over from paganism, would not be allowed by church hierarchs.
Reconstruction of the contina. According to K. Moklovsky
The already established structure of the temple provided great assistance in the creation of wooden churches: an altar, a room for worshipers and a vestibule.
The forms for the new wooden temples were taken from civil engineering, the basis of all buildings being a “cage” or “log house”. In general, the temple was a combination of several log buildings, at least three, and they tried to give the altar a rounded shape. The log houses of all parts were most often of different heights and covered with independent roofs.
The massive domes used in stone architecture were replaced in wooden churches with small drums with domes covered with a kind of wooden “ploughshare” tile. They were usually placed on the ridge of the roof or a small pedestal of four or octagonal shapes.
This is how the simplest type of wooden churches arose - “cage”, from the word “cage”, which formed their basis.
The oldest surviving Russian wooden church is Lazarus Church Murom Monastery, which was located on the southeastern shore of Lake Onega. It is dedicated to the resurrection of the Gospel Lazarus; its construction is associated with the name of the founder of the Murom Monastery, the real Lazarus, who is credited with its construction not long before his death at the age of one hundred and five in 1391.
Church of Lazarus. Murom Monastery. Karelia. End of the 14th century
The antiquity of the building is indicated by some construction techniques that in the 15th century. were no longer used: cutting a longitudinal groove not in the upper, but in the lower log, different design of the lock on the jamb outside and inside, lack of ceilings in the vestibule and altar, etc.
The Lazarevskaya Church belongs to the simplest type of cage churches. It consists of three small rectangular log houses without a basement, covered with low gable roofs. The main volume of the temple is crowned with a small dome.
Techniques for composing plans for cage churches are as follows:
1. Altar - room for worshipers - porch. The porch could turn into a vestibule (porch) or into the embryo of a refectory, and the altar area could have a pentagonal shape (Lazareskaya Church of the Murom Monastery).
2. Altar - a room for worshipers, which is surrounded on three, two or one side by a gallery to which a porch led, the flight of stairs of which was usually parallel or perpendicular to the western side of the gallery. If the church was placed on a high basement, then the galleries were made hanging, on log brackets or pillars.
3. Altar - room for worshipers - refectory. The refectory was usually large in size and got its name from the common festive meals (“bratchin”, “canons”), which were held after the service on major holidays (the Church of the Virgin Mary in the village of Tokhtarevo).
Church of the Virgin Mary. The village of Tokhtarevo. Perm region. 1694
4. Altar - room for worshipers - refectory - gallery - porch. The gallery usually surrounded the refectory on three sides. There were two types of galleries. The first type is galleries standing on the ground (Church of the Deposition of the Robe from the village of Borodavy, Assumption Church from the village of Nikulino).
Assumption Church from the village of Nikulino. Novgorod region. 1599
And the second type - hanging, on consoles released from logs (St. Nicholas Church from the village of Golotovo). The galleries could be open, decorated with carved pillars or boards set into the jamb with closable windows.
St. Nicholas Church from the village of Golotovo. Vladimir region. 1766
5. A more complex type of church, differs from the previous ones by the presence of a porch between the refectory and the porch (St. Nicholas Church in the village of Kovda, Vasilyevskaya Church in the village of Chukhcherma).
St. Nicholas Church. Village of Kovda. 1613
6. There are cage churches with chapels cut down (Nativity Church from the village of Talitsa, Znamenskaya Church in the village of Pylevo) .
Znamenskaya Church from the village of Pylevo. 1742
Coverings of log cabins of cage churches
The coverings of the log cabins of cage churches can be divided into several types:
1. Gable roof with a slight rise (Trinity Church of the Rekonskaya Hermitage, Elias Church of the village of Polya).
Trinity Church. Recon Desert. Novgorod region. 1672-1676
2. Gable roof with a high, steep rise - “wedge” roof (Savior Transfiguration Church in the village of Spas-Vezhi, Assumption Church in the city of Ivanovo).
Church of the Transfiguration. The village of Spas-Vezhi. Kostroma region. 1628
3. Gable roofs with “police”, fractures in the lower part of the roof, the purpose of which is to move the edge of the roof away from the walls (Church of the Deposition of the Robe from the village of Borodava, Church of the Virgin Mary in the village of Tokhtarevo).
Church of the Deposition of the Robe. The village of Borodavy. Vologda region. XV century
A variety of such wedge roofs are roofs with stepped slopes (St. George Church in the village of Yuksovo, St. Nicholas Church in the village of Tukholya).
St. George's Church. The village of Yukosovo. Leningrad region. 1493
4. Hip roof. Such roofs did not find widespread use in the coverings of cage churches, since such a covering could only be on a square frame, the capacity of which was not large. Similar churches began to be built at the end of the 17th century; they can be classified as the simplest type of tiered churches common in the Moscow region (St. Nicholas Church in the village of Vasilyevo, Epiphany Church in the village of Semenovskoe).
Epiphany Church. Semenovskoe village
5. Octagonal roof. Eight-slope roofs were more expressive and attractive than four-slope roofs, so they were built much more often. The place of their origin is considered to be the Novgorod region (the Church of St. Nicholas in the village of Oskochikha, the church in the village of Neklyudovo, the Church of St. Nicholas in the village of Uyma).
Church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker. Uyma village. Arkhangelsk region. 1705
According to V. Suslov
6. Barrel coating. The barrel was most often located along the axis of the building (Trinity Church of the Elgoma Pogost, Annunciation Church of the village of Pustynka).
Trinity Church. Elgomsky churchyard. Karelia. 1714 According to D. Mileev
There were churches with the barrel positioned across the axis (Assumption Church in the village of Cherevkovo).
Assumption Church. The village of Cherevkovo (Solvychegodsky district). Vologda region. End of the 17th century According to V. Suslov
The main volume of the church ended with a dome covered with a ploughshare, the drum of which was placed directly on the roof or base in the form of a square, octagon, barrel or cross-shaped barrel.
Over the western porch of some churches there were hipped belfries (Savior Church from the village of Fominskoye).
Spasskaya Church. The village of Fominskoye. Kostroma region. 1721
The altar of the cage churches had a tetrahedral, pentagonal or hexagonal shape (Nativity Church from the village of Talitsa) ,
it ended with a gable, five-slope roof or a barrel-shaped roof, on which a dome was sometimes placed.
Literature:
1. Krasovsky M.V. Encyclopedia of Russian architecture. Wooden architecture. SATIS. St. Petersburg 2002.
2. Malkov Ya.V. Old Russian wooden architecture. M.: ID Ant. 1998. 208 p.
3. Milchik M.I., Ushakov Yu.S. Wooden architecture of the Russian North. - L., 1981. 128 p., ill.
4. Opolovnikov A.V. Treasures of the Russian North. M., 1989.
Metro Kropotkinskaya.
The wooden church was built in honor of the Sovereign Icon of the Mother of God.
The church was built in early 1995, and it became the first among new wooden church buildings in Moscow. Like the Cathedral of Christ the Savior, the "Derzhavnaya" was built cruciform in plan and "under the bell." This means that there is no special bell tower for the bells; the bells are located in the temple itself, in its upper part. Services in "Derzhavnaya" are on holidays, and every Friday a prayer service is read before another popularly revered icon of the Mother of God - “The Inexhaustible Chalice”. The original of this miraculous icon is located in Serpukhov, near Moscow, in the Vysotsky Monastery.
Metro Krasnopresnenskaya.
In the park in front of the main entrance to the government building in the summer of 1996, a Holy Cross Chapel with a porch and a tent roof on an “octagon” - a wooden octagon where prayer services are held. It was erected in memory of the fallen defenders of the Fatherland during the days of unrest in the fall of 1993. Let us note for clarity that a chapel differs from a church in that it does not have an altar or iconostasis, and therefore full services are not held there.
Metro station Voykovskaya.
The largest wooden church in Moscow is Church of the Great Martyr George the Victorious in Koptevo.
It was built in 1997 on the corner of Koptevsky Boulevard and the vast Academicheskaya Street. The Orthodox community in Koptevo was formed in December 1996. On the occasion of the approaching 850th anniversary of Moscow, they decided to dedicate the new temple to its heavenly patron - St. George. Architect V. Ivanov, who has extensive experience working with monuments of the Russian North, designed the St. George Church to be made of logs with five tents and a bell tower over the porch. The location for construction was chosen very well: not a single tree had to be cut down for the site. Funds were collected from all over the world: all enterprises and commercial structures of the municipal district donated. The temple was built by a team of skilled Arkhangelsk carpenters who knew the secrets of their grandfather’s craftsmanship and worked with special, forged axes.
Metro Babushkinskaya.
Church of the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Raevo.
Built in 1997 according to samples of wooden architecture of the 15th century. It is part of the complex being created in honor of the remarkable Russian saint - St. Seraphim Sarovsky, famous for the fact that he prayed on a forest stone for a thousand days and a thousand nights in any weather.
Metro Sviblovo.
Snezhnaya Street 21
Church-chapel of the Holy Hieromartyr Vladimir, Metropolitan of Kyiv and Galicia in Sviblovo.
Built in 1997.
Yeniseiskaya street 22.
St. Nicholas the Wonderworker temple-chapel.
Metro Sokolniki.
Maysky Prosek, 7, building 1.
Church of St. Tikhon of Zadonsk in Sokolniki.
The oldest Moscow wooden church. Built in 1863 in the name of St. Tikhon, Bishop of Voronezh, glorified in 1861. The church was closed in 1943 and miraculously survived in the depths of Sokolniki Park; it is still not easy to find even on a map. Now the church is being rebuilt. Assigned to the Church of All Saints of the former Alekseevsky Monastery.
Metro Preobrazhenskaya Square.
Church of the Transfiguration in Bogorodskoye
The current wooden church was built in 1880 on the site of an older one that had become dilapidated over time. In 1951 there was a big fire in which everything died interior decoration temple, except for the miraculous icons of the Tikhvin Mother of God and St. Nicholas. The outer walls were saved. During the reconstruction, the main iconostasis was moved from the summer Patriarchal residence in Peredelkino. In 1980, the temple celebrated its centenary.
Metro Medvedkovo.
Shirokaya street, 14.
Soothe my sorrows with the icon of the Mother of God in Medvedkovo
Shirokaya street, 27.
Temple of Alexy, Metropolitan of Moscow in North Medvedkovo
Date of construction: Between 1998 and 2000.
Architect: A. Levchenko.
Corner of Norilskaya and Malygina streets.
Wooden chapel of St. Sergius of Radonezh, assigned to the Church of the Holy Martyrs Adrian and Natalia of Russia...
Butovo training ground.
Wooden temple New Martyrs and Confessors of Russia in Butovo. The temple was built on the territory of the former NKVD-KGB training ground "Object-Butovo", officially recognized as the site of mass graves of victims of political repression. According to data obtained from the FSB archive, 20,765 people were shot and buried on the territory of the training ground in the period from August 8, 1937 to October 19, 1938 alone. The total number of victims and those buried in Butovo is unknown.
