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Steel roof. Steel roofing - operation and repair of steel sheet roofing |
Steel roofs are currently of limited use due to metal savings. Roofing steel is used in residential construction to cover eaves, gutters, dormers, protruding decorative elements of buildings and for drainpipes. In addition, roofing steel is used for repairing existing steel roofs, as well as for covering industrial buildings, belts, sandstones and window flashings on building facades. Installation of a steel roof. The steel roof is made from galvanized and black roofing steel sheets measuring 1420x710 mm. Before use, determine the correctness of their dimensions and the squareness of the corners. Sheets with deviations from standard sizes are sorted and subsequently used to prepare roofing elements that do not require exact dimensions, for example, for drainpipes and drains. On standard sheets, bulges are removed with hammers. To prepare various products, the material is marked onto the workpieces using measuring instruments and tools, and marks are made on the metal. Then, according to the markings, the steel sheet is cut with various types of scissors, depending on the thickness of the sheet. Pictures are prepared for ordinary covering of roof slopes, eaves overhangs, wall gutters, and gutters. The picture is an element of the roof covering, the edges of which are prepared for a seam connection. Usually they are made of two sheets, less often single. The paintings on the roof are connected into strips the length of the slope, i.e. from the cornice to the ridge. The strips are attached to the sheathing with narrow strips of roofing steel (clamps), which are inserted into the standing seams when they are bent at one end, and nailed to the sheathing beam with the other. Double lying folds are coated with mortar, and the folds of galvanized paintings are soldered. Roofing sheet steel for preparing pictures or links of drainpipes must have smooth planes with right angles. In Fig. Figure 30 shows types of seam connections. Rice. thirty. : Seam joints are divided into recumbent and standing according to their appearance, and into single and double according to the degree of compaction. Rebate dimensions in Fig. 30 are given for sheets with a thickness of 0.45...0.7 mm. For thicker sheets, the dimensions of the bends increase by 20%. The long lateral edges of the sheets running along the slope are connected by standing folds, and the horizontal ones by lying ones. Roof slopes are covered with strips made up of sequentially connected patterns. To cover the roof, 85...90% of double paintings and 10...15% of single paintings are required, which are sometimes necessary for addition in stripes. The eaves overhang begins with the installation of pins with brackets and T-shaped crutches, nailed to the sheathing. The pins are placed along the axes of the water intake funnels, and the crutches are placed 700 mm apart from each other with tolerances of ±30 mm. The distance between the pin and the nearest spike should be 200...400 mm (Fig. 31).
Pictures for covering the eaves overhang are connected at the watershed with a single recumbent seam. Gutters, trays, funnels of drainpipes and the pipes themselves are elements of a single water intake system. Bends of lying folds are made in the direction of the slope. The top part of the trays is secured under the sheets of the gutter, and the sides are fastened to it. The funnels of the drainpipes should be attached not to the trays, but to the descent of the eaves with a special stepladder; When attached to trays, the funnel together with the tray may come off if clogged or frozen. The design of the wall gutter and water inlet funnel is shown in Fig. 32.
Drainpipes are also assembled from pre-prepared links, consisting of a trunk, elbow and funnel. The pipes are hung vertically on the walls and secured with pins with brackets installed every 1.4...1.5 m. The installation of pins with brackets and the installation of drainpipes are carried out simultaneously with the laying of brick and large-block walls. Sheets of non-galvanized steel are coated with drying oil before being laid in place. In the future, such a roof requires systematic painting once every 2...3 years. Galvanized roofs do not need to be painted. The advantages of a steel roof are light weight (approximately 5...10 kg/m2) and the ability to create relatively small slopes (16...24%). When the roof is adjacent to a wall or firewalls, the edge of the row covering must be inserted into a groove against the wall masonry; in this case, the depth of the furrow must be at least 7 cm, and the height - at least 13 cm; the edge of the row covering inserted into the furrow must end with a vertical bend at least 10 cm high (see Fig. 31). In this case, the edge must be strengthened with spikes driven through 250...300 mm into the joints of the masonry or into tarred plugs embedded in the masonry. When covering gable overhangs, belts, sandriks, turn-off strips are installed at the outer edge of the sheets. The side walls of lanterns and dormer windows should be covered with sheets connected to each other and with row coverings. When covering dormer windows of a semicircular shape, the sheets should be joined with a double seam, and dormer windows with flat slopes should be joined with a ridge. In places where the row covering adjoins the chimney, the width of the vertical bends of the edges of the collar placed under the otter must be at least 150 mm on the ridge side and 100 mm on the bottom and side sides. The gap between the pipe laying and the collar must be filled with putty. Chimney caps must have overhangs of at least 20 mm. The caps are fastened to the pipe using wire and nails driven no closer than into the second seam from the top of the pipe. Steel roof repair. When repairing a steel roof, two types of patches are used in certain places: along the width of the picture, when the roofing sheets are worn out on the plane, and intermediate ones - when there is damage in or near the ridges. To apply the patch, a sheet is prepared with some allowance for the size of the worn areas. Allowances are used for connections. The damaged area is uncovered, a patch sheet is placed on this area, connecting it to the old sheet using standing and lying folds. The patches are joined by double rebated seams in valleys and wall gutters. On particularly flat slopes, the patches are connected to the old sheets by soldering the seams. Before installing the patches, they must be dry-dried, and after final connection with the old sheets, they must be painted over with weather-resistant paint compounds, while simultaneously painting over the joints to prevent corrosion. If repairs to steel roofs are carried out in separate patches, then roofing paste, mastic, canvas, and tarpaulin are laid on holes in the roof ranging in size from 30 to 200 mm. If holes up to 30 mm in size are repaired without patches, they are covered with red lead putty, hot bitumen, or roofing mastic. Holes 30...40 mm around should first be cleaned of dirt, rust and coated twice from the roof and attic. Repair of gutters, eaves overhangs, gutters and drainpipes is carried out more often than the roof itself, since these elements are often subject to mechanical stress when ice is carelessly chipped and snow is thrown off; moisture is retained on these parts of the roof longer. If half of the entire roof has become unusable, replace the entire roof with new sheets of roofing steel. The sheet material of the roof covering is especially susceptible to corrosion at the joints or between the sheathing bars on the attic side when the normal temperature and humidity conditions in it are disrupted. Connecting parts such as nails, bolts, wire are made of non-galvanized steel and at the points of their connection with galvanized sheets of roofing steel, an electric couple is formed, which acts destructively on galvanized steel. In this case, it is recommended to lay one or two layers of roofing material. The same phenomenon is observed when using non-galvanized clamps when installing drainpipes made of galvanized steel sheets. A sheet steel roof becomes unusable due to highly developed corrosion processes if the roof slope becomes insufficient, causing water stagnation. If it is necessary to replace the entire roof or most of it, it is necessary to install sheathing with a changed slope angle. When partially replacing a steel roof, work on preparing and laying roofing panels is carried out in the same way as when installing new steel roofs. Well-preserved old sheets removed from the roof are reused for row covering on the southern slope. They are pre-cleaned, cut around the perimeter, dried and painted. It is not recommended to use them for critical parts of the roof, such as valleys, eaves overhangs, etc. Only new sheet steel should be used for them. All folds, both standing and lying, are thoroughly coated with red lead putty before they are compressed. In order to save steel, roofs with a high degree of wear can be repaired with rolled materials. Before starting work, defects in the sheathing are eliminated, then gutters, slopes and drainage devices are repaired. The torn sections of the roof and swollen areas are secured with nails, and the roof surface is cleaned of debris and rust with metal brushes. Cloths of rolled materials are laid along and across the standing seams of the roof (Fig. 33).
When covering longitudinally along standing seams, triangular cross-section slats of the same height as the seam are nailed on both sides. Then the surface of the roof and bars is covered with hot bitumen, onto which sheets of material are glued; the work is carried out from the cornice to the ridge so that each subsequent row overlaps the previously glued one by 8 cm. When covering with transverse stripes, the standing seams are first bent to the plane of the roof. The work is carried out from the cornice to the ridge, gluing the panels with hot bitumen. Each row is laid so that the next one overlaps it by at least 8 cm. Repair of drainpipes may involve partial replacement of individual links, elbows, funnels or their complete replacement. When changing individual straight pipe links and elbows, you should first lower the lower part of the pipe barrel by 8...10 cm, having first freed it from the tightening and stirrup. The part being replaced is then removed, a new one is put in, it is secured at the top end in the stirrup, and then the lower part of the pipe is lifted and connected to the new one. When completely replacing the drainpipe, installation begins from the bottom. When painting a repaired roof, it is necessary, if possible, to use drying-free paint compositions, for example, grade A coal varnish, the so-called Kuzbasskraska, which is obtained by grinding coal tar varnish with red lead in ball mills. Before applying Kuzbasslak to a steel roof, the surface is primed with divinyl acetylene paint. Painting steel roofs in hot weather, in the sun, during rain, on surfaces that have not dried out from rain or dew and at temperatures below +3°C is not allowed. Roofs made of non-galvanized sheet steel are painted with oil paints, which necessarily contain red lead or chromium oxide as a pigment. These paints are available ready-to-use or thickly grated. For the latter, the required working viscosity is obtained by diluting with drying oils.
This is a lightweight fireproof durable roofing. The service life of a galvanized steel roof is 25 - 30 years or more, and a black roof is 18 - 25 years. After 10 years, galvanized steel sheets are usually painted with oil paint, then this operation is repeated every 2 to 3 years. ![]() But most often, sheets of roofing steel are connected to each other with seam seams, which can be lying (running along the length of the slope) or standing (running along the height of the slope). There are single - simpler and less reliable seams - and double - more difficult to manufacture, but also more durable. With this method, the sheet is fastened to the sheathing not with nails, but with the help of clamps - strips of roofing steel 150 - 180 mm long and 30 - 50 mm wide, one end of which is nailed to the sheathing, the other is bent over the standing seam. ![]() Pictures can be placed one at a time, but it is more convenient to work with blanks consisting of two or more sheets (Fig. 175). ![]() The second strip is placed next to the first so that its edge with the small edge bent is adjacent to the high edge of the first strip. It is desirable that the lying folds are not at the same level (one against the other), but are shifted by 15 mm. This provides easier and more convenient bending of standing seams (ridges). ![]() When folding a large edge, you must ensure that the standing folds are straight, of the same height and well compacted (for this, two or three blows are usually applied to the same place). ![]() Standing double seams (Fig. 181) do this. On one side of the first sheet, a low edge (33 mm high) is bent, and on the other, a high edge (45 mm). The high edge is folded over the low edge and sealed. The resulting standing seam (ridge) is folded again, bringing its total height to 26 mm. The bent ridge is compacted again. ![]() When covering the roof with steel sheets (as well as repairing and painting it), it is necessary to wear soft shoes - felted or with soft rubber soles. Such shoes do not slip on the roof and do not harm it. Shoes with leather soles not only slide on the sheets, but also scratch the paint on them, which accelerates the rusting of the metal in such places. While working, you should tie yourself with a strong rope to strong parts of the roof (mainly the rafters). For convenience, it is recommended to use portable stepladders - ladders. At one end of such a stepladder, hooks are attached, which hook it to the sheathing. Table 24 Requirement of materials for painting 10 m2 of roofing, g The paint is prepared like this. Drying oil is added to the thickly grated mass, and everything is mixed well until smooth (the clots are thoroughly ground). Then it is recommended to strain the paint on a fine sieve. Whitewash is pre-mixed with drying oil until completely homogeneous. If white is added to liquid paint of a different color, the mixture must be thoroughly mixed until the color is exactly the same. I, Varzin Leonid Nikolaevich, began my activity as a tinsmith on steel and copper roofs in 1987. We are waiting for your proposals for the work. CEO L.N.Varzin Any material, no matter how high-quality and durable it is, over time gradually succumbs to the influence of external factors and loses its original functional characteristics. Metal products are no exception, which may be the reason for carrying out such a service as metal roof repair. In Moscow, this service is very relevant, since the capital and its surrounding regions are densely dotted with private houses and cottages that may need professional repair services. The Delema company specializes in providing services for working with various types of roofing systems and is always ready to provide professional assistance. The prices for metal roof repairs will pleasantly surprise you and will allow you to order repair work for your roof today. As a rule, repairs of metal roofing systems are divided into two types: major and local (spot). The first type involves the complete replacement of old roofing elements, their dismantling and installation of a new sheet. The second involves carrying out work in certain areas whose condition is the most deteriorated. Major repairs of metal roofing in Moscow are carried out, as a rule, during the reconstruction of the building, as well as during the conversion of the attic. The company's experienced employees will definitely advise you on all your questions and provide you with all the necessary and useful information. Phones: Cost of metal roof repairs
Comprehensive roof repair from 1100 RUR/m2! Warranty up to 5 years! Carrying out this type of repair work is a very labor-intensive process that requires a high degree of training and practical experience from the roof repair worker. In order for your roofing system to be repaired to the highest possible quality, in this case you need to contact the Delema company, where you will be provided with the highest level of service. The prices for metal roof repairs in our company will pleasantly surprise our clients with their affordability, and our highly qualified specialists will complete even the most complex work in the shortest possible time. The involvement of highly competent specialists and the use of modern equipment allows us to quickly carry out all work, while the prices for metal roof repairs at Delema are distinguished by their affordability. The average price for working with the material is 750 rubles per m2. The price may decrease due to large volumes of roofing, and may also increase due to roof connections. Our metal roof repair work 1. On the construction market today you can find many different materials that differ in price. It is simply impossible to definitively answer the question of which roofing material is the best, since in certain conditions one must proceed from certain advantages and disadvantages. Many homeowners give their preference to bitumen materials or ceramic roofing, but steel is in no way inferior to them, and sometimes is even a much better solution.
Such sheets of metal are called paintings. A roofing steel thickness of 0.5 mm or more is sufficient to provide high quality home protection. For roofs with a large surface area, rolled steel is used, which speeds up the installation process. For a small country house it is much more convenient to purchase ready-made, cut sheets. Fastening is carried out with clamps. All connections have the form of folds, that is, curved seams. They can be single or double, standing comb or flat lying. The specific choice depends on the junction of the paintings and the need for waterproofing. It is recommended to additionally treat the folds with silicone sealant. Steel roofing - main typesToday, such roofing can be made from various materials: Tools and materials for workSteel roofing is installed after certain preparatory procedures have been completed. Necessary:
Then begins the preparation of the tools that will be needed for roofing work:
Stages of installation workWork begins with the installation of crutches along the entire cornice. The distance from the edge is 150 cm, the laying step is 70 cm. All crutches are nailed to the sheathing. They are necessary to support the paintings. To prevent the crutches from moving, they are first placed along the edges of the cornice. After this, a cord is stretched between them, along which the individual elements are aligned.
Next they move on to the installation of paintings. This can be done using a variety of tools, but the best way is to use a folding machine. Types of folds are distinguished depending on the location of installation: lying folds are made along the short side, standing folds are made along the long side. This allows for good drainage of water from the roof surface. Roofing sheet steel GOST provides for fastening with seams, both single and double. In areas where water accumulates the most, only double connections are used. The finished sheets are attached to the base using clamps, which are nailed with one end to the beam and the other into the rebate. All clamps are attached to the ends of each sheet. In this case, each sheet is shifted by 5-6 cm so as to spread the lying folds to the sides. The ridge folds also shift in a similar manner. After installation, all excess elements are cut off with metal scissors. The resulting sections are treated with a primer. To make them more airtight, the folds are treated with silicone sealant. Installation of a steel roof must be accompanied by the following features: Repair work: what are the specifics?Repair work on such a roof has a number of features. The fact is that disassembling a separate section of the roof is very problematic; the procedure itself is labor-intensive and time-consuming. But there is an alternative approach that allows you to quickly carry out repairs at a very high level. Small damage up to 5 mm in size is sealed with sealant (acrylic or silicone) or special red lead grease. Such compositions are applied using a spatula in a layer up to 8 mm thick. In addition, the use of bitumen-based adhesive tape shows good results. After repair, the work site is sanded and painted with special paints. In most cases, such roofs do not require frequent repairs. Damage is often caused by extreme loads or mechanical stress. For example, accumulation of snow, higher than the calculated amount or a fall of a tree branch. Also, in case of careless behavior with the material and damage to the protective polymer layer, the metal begins to corrode, which leads to rusting and the appearance of holes in the roof. Therefore, it is recommended to handle the material very carefully during installation. In addition, regular inspections should be performed to check for rust spots and accumulations of snow or fallen leaves. Installation of a metal roof: installation and installation "). |
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