The term "soft roof" combines a whole group of materials. This is roofing material, and roll-on built-up coatings, and soft tiles. Despite external differences, all these materials are made on the basis of modified bitumen, which makes the final roofing products soft and flexible. And also one important feature: they are not able by themselves to maintain a rigid shape and withstand external loads.

Bituminous materials perform their function only when laid on a rigid and durable frame. Such a frame when creating a soft roof is a crate in the form of an even continuous flooring.

When constructing a sparse structure, its elements (boards) are located on the rafters not all-over, but with a certain step. On average, this step is 20-50 cm. This design is not suitable for soft bituminous materials, as they will sag between the elements.

Soft roofing requires a continuous sheathing, which is a flooring made of boards, OSB, plywood. A small gap between the elements is allowed, but it should not exceed 1 cm.

Types of solid crates

So, under a soft roof, there must be a solid flooring. With this we have decided. But the crate under soft roof may consist of more than just this layer. There are 2 types of solid crates:

1. Single layer decking- the elements of the crate are laid parallel to the ridge, directly on the rafters. Boards (tes), plywood or OSB are used as elements. A single crate is rarely used, mainly for laying roofing material.
2. double flooring- a combination of two layers, sometimes composed of different materials. The first layer, the working layer, is, in fact, a sparse crate. It consists of boards (beams), which are mounted in acceleration. Then a second, already continuous layer is laid on it - flooring from boards, OSB or plywood. The double crate makes it possible to form a ventilation gap under the flooring and accommodate a thermal insulation pie between the rafters. Therefore, this design is preferred for all modern bituminous materials (also for shingles).

Let's consider the technologies for the device of continuous crates of all available types.

Installation of a single-layer continuous crate

A single-layer crate is laid directly on the rafters, without any additional elements. Suitable for budget construction with the use of roofing material, without the formation of an insulation pie under the roof.

Option # 1 - lathing from boards

For continuous single decking, tongue-and-groove boards or boards can be used. Unedged boards are not suitable, as all their irregularities will be reflected on the surface of the soft roof. And this will negatively affect the decorative and moisture-proof properties of the roof.

Such a crate is the simplest and consists of boards stuffed across the rafters.

Requirements for boards for solid lathing:

• Boards should be smooth, without knots.
• Their width is 100-140 mm, thickness - 20-37 mm (depending on the pitch of the rafters: up to 900 mm - thickness 20 mm, 900 mm - 23 mm, 1200 mm - 30 mm, 1500 mm - 37 mm).
• Humidity - no more than 20%. This is due to the fact that raw wood will sooner or later begin to dry out, and the fasteners will fall out of it. In addition, on a wet base, the life of bituminous materials is reduced.
• Boards must be antiseptic to prevent putrefactive processes, the appearance of woodworms and fungal plaque.

During the installation of such a crate, the boards are fixed over the rafters, perpendicular to them, along the ridge. Since the boards tend to warp, forming a concave tray on one side, and a bulge on the other, the crate must be laid with trays up. Then the water that has seeped through the roofing material will fall into the tray, follow the gorge to the cornice and flow down it to the outside, without getting into the attic.

Installation is carried out from the bottom up, starting from the overhang. The joints of the boards along the length are laid on supports (on the rafters). Nails (self-tapping screws) are hammered closer to the edges, while trying to drown the hats a little into the wood. A barely noticeable gap is left between adjacent boards (in height) - about 3 mm. It serves to level the temperature deformations of wood that occur during changes in humidity and temperature. As the conditions change, the boards will shrink and expand, so if you fasten them too tightly, bumps are likely to appear.

Option # 2 - crate made of panel materials

Instead of boards on the rafters, you can fix panel materials - plywood or OSB. They have the high moisture resistance and flexibility required for long-term roofing service.

The use of panel materials allows you to speed up the process of mounting the crate and get a perfectly flat base surface for subsequent layout roll materials or shingles.

Requirements for shield materials:

• High moisture resistance. Not all panel materials have the parameters necessary to work in wet conditions on the roof. Among those suitable for roofing, OSB-3 (moisture-resistant brand of oriented strand board) and FSF (moisture-resistant plywood) can be noted.
• Thickness - 9-27 mm (depending on the pitch of the rafters: if this distance is up to 600 mm, then the thickness of the sheet should be at least 9 mm, if 600 mm - 12 mm, if 900 mm - 18 mm, if 1200 mm - 21 mm , if 1500 mm - 27 mm).
• Shields must be impregnated with an antiseptic - to protect against fungal infections. This is necessary because OSB-3 and FSF are only resistant to short-term exposure to moisture and require coating with waterproofing materials on the roof. Therefore, additional protection should not be neglected.

Sheets of plywood or OSB are laid on the rafters with the long side parallel to the ridge. In this case, the connecting seams of adjacent rows should not coincide. Sheets are mounted in a checkerboard pattern, apart.

A gap of 2 mm is left between adjacent sheets, so that when moisture is collected, they do not swell. If installation is carried out during a cold period, the gap is increased to 3 mm to compensate for the expansion of heated sheets in summer.

The shields are fixed with fastening elements (self-tapping screws or ruff nails) on each rafter - in increments of 30 cm, at the junction of the ends - in increments of 15 cm, along the edges - in increments of 10 cm.

Installation of a double solid crate

The double crate is a two-tier structure, the first layer of which is boards laid in a row, the second continuous layer is flooring from boards, OSB, plywood. A double crate is considered more efficient and reliable than a single-layer one, which is why it is recommended for the installation of modern soft roofs.

The structure can be assembled only from boards (sometimes - bars) or from their combination with OSB and plywood.

Option # 1 - double crate of boards

For the base for a soft roof, you can use only one type of material - boards. Both layers of the crate are constructed from them.

Requirements for materials:

• Boards of the first (sparse) layer: thickness - at least 25 mm, width - 100-140 mm. Boards can be replaced with bars 50x50 mm or 30x70 mm.
• Boards of the second (solid) layer: thickness 20-25 mm, width - 50-70 mm.
• Lumber is pre-coated with antiseptic compounds.

The installation of the crate is simple and is carried out according to the following algorithm:

• First, boards or bars are nailed parallel to the ridge (perpendicular to the rafter legs) with a step that excludes bending of the boards of the second layer, on average, 200-300 mm.
• From above, on a sparse crate, at an angle of 45 ° (diagonally), boards of the second layer are nailed. Not close, but with a gap of up to 3 mm, which can extinguish the thermal deformation of wood. Sheathing is carried out in the direction from the ridge to the eaves.

A similar base, as a rule, is used when laying roofing material. For flexible tiles, it is recommended to build a combined version.

Option # 2 - combined double crate

In the combined design, several materials are combined. The first layer is boards or bars, the second layer is plywood or OSB.

Traditionally, the combined crate is assembled as follows: boards or beams are fixed perpendicular to the rafters, and sheets of plywood or OSB are placed on top of them. This technology is used, as a rule, in the construction of a cold attic (without insulation pie and waterproofing film on the roof).

If insulation takes place, then use another version of the crate, more complex. Along the rafters, the bars of the counter-lattice are stuffed, on top of them, perpendicularly, the boards of the first layer of the crate. The whole structure is completed by plywood or OSB boards. This option differs from the previous one by the presence of a counter-lattice, which forms a ventilation gap between the large-panel flooring and waterproofing.

Material requirements:

• Bars of the counter-lattice: even bars with a section of 25x30 mm or 50x50 mm.
• Sparse layer boards: thickness - 25 mm, width - 100-140 mm.
• Plywood or OSB-3: thickness 9-12 mm.
• Materials must be pre-antiseptic.

In order to build a combined continuous crate, perform the following steps:

• In the presence of a heat-insulating cake with a waterproofing film, counter-lattice bars are installed. Their cross section can be in the range of 20-50 mm, most often 25x30 mm. The bars are fixed over the rafter legs, along them. The control grating serves not only to form ventilation gap, but also for fixing the waterproofing film, which is laid on the insulating material. If we consider the installation work in stages, then first they lay between the rafters thermal insulation mats, on top of the rafters and mats, a waterproofing film is stretched, which is nailed on top with counter-battens bars. If a heat-insulating cake is not foreseen in the roof, this item is skipped and immediately proceed to fastening a sparse crate.
• Lathing boards (width - 100-140 mm, thickness - 25 mm) are fixed to the bars of the counter-lattice (if any) or to the rafters perpendicularly. Fastening step with nails (self-tapping screws) - 200-300 mm.
• Sheets of OSB-3 or plywood are placed along the ridge, with the long side across the rafters. Installation is carried out with a breakdown of the seams, that is, in a checkerboard pattern. A compensation gap of 2-3 mm is left between the shields. Fastening is performed on each rafter, using self-tapping screws or ruffed nails for fixing. The fastening step on the rafters is 30 cm. The plates are laid so that their edges must fall on the supports, they are also docked there and also fixed with fastening elements, but with a more frequent step - 15 cm.

To make it clearer, see how it looks during the construction process:

The technology is simple, to understand all its nuances, just watch a short video:

Checking the design for errors

When the crate is ready, you should look at it with a critical eye. Were fatal errors made that could have a negative impact on the operation of the roof?

A high-quality finished crate has the following properties:

• It does not bend under the weight of a person, otherwise it will be problematic to work on it and repair the roof in the future.
• Has no gaps (greater than allowed expansion gaps). If it was not possible to avoid cracks, then the gaps are covered with strips of roofing tin.
• It does not have protruding knots and non-recessed nails on the surface, which can break through the bituminous materials of the soft roof.
• The ends of the lumber, through which the bitumen products will subsequently be bent, are not sharp, rounded off with a planer to prevent tears and rubbing.
• All materials for the crate are dry, covered with antiseptic agents.

It is important that the solid crate does not have the above flaws. Only in this case, the roll coating or shingles will successfully perform their functions.

Recently, along with the standard roofing materials flexible roofing began to be used. It is made from three constituent elements: fiberglass canvas or cellulose, which is the basis.

The second component is the fill from modified bitumen, acting as a connecting element.

And finally, the third - stone granulate, which is a sandy topping, painted in various shades. It limits the influence of ultraviolet and precipitation on the underlying elements.

Benefits of using shingles:

• Waterproof;
• The elements are completely resistant to biological attack (moss, fungus, lichen, etc.);
• Roof color fastness;
• It has light weight which greatly simplifies transportation. Due to this quality, it is not necessary to further strengthen the underlying structures;
• The stacking of elements is carried out in such a way that the percentage of waste is reduced to a minimum;
• The flexibility of the elements allows the roof to adapt to the deformations and irregularities that occur during operation;
• Easy care and.

You can find out the technical characteristics of the tiles by.

Roofing always involves the creation of an additional lattice structure, on which further laying and fixing of parts is carried out. It is made of boards and beams located at right angles to the rafters. Depending on the roofing material under which the crate is laid, it is possible to distinguish its several types:

• Solid batten step under a soft roof, the gap between adjacent elements is no more than 1 cm. It is used for roofing made of flexible materials.
• sparse crate, the elements of which are located at a greater distance. Used for hard roofing. Most often made from boards.

In addition to serving as a base for fastening the elements, the solid grid also performs the role of additional sound and heat insulation.

The crate for flexible tiles can be divided into:

• Single layer, the elements of which are only plank or block elements laid perpendicular to the rafter legs;
• Two-layer, which has a more complex structure. It consists of a base, the structure of which is similar to a single-layer lathing, as well as a top decking layer of oriented strand board, plywood, boarding or tongue and groove boards. The elements of the top layer should be located on minimum distance apart, perpendicular to the underlying frame, or at a 45 degree angle, creating a solid structure. Two-layer lathing is used for soft roofing, as well as for a roof with a large rafter pitch.

The structure of the crate for flexible tiles

Requirements for the design of the crate for bituminous tiles:

• Sufficient bending strength, allowing the elements to withstand constant loads from the weight of the coating, as well as snow and wind effects;
• Resistance to mechanical stress;
• Details must be uniform, without knots, bumps and cracks, exceeding 6 mm;
• Boards and sheet materials must be straight and not have sagging.

Base mounting

As mentioned earlier, the design of the crate for a soft roof can be single-layer and two-layer. Consider in detail the installation of the elements of each of these options. On the crate, in turn, will fit.

The device of a single-layer crate for a soft roof

For this kind of construction, the following materials can be used: Panel boards (FSF, OSP-3).

Fastening of sheet materials is carried out directly on the logs of the truss system in a perpendicular direction. Such installation is carried out quite quickly, since large items are used.

OSB thickness for flexible tiles depends on the pitch of the rafter legs:

• 27 mm- for a rafter step of 1.5 m;
• 21 mm- for a rafter step of 1.2 m;
• 18 mm- for a rafter step of 0.9 m;
• 12 mm- for a rafter step of 0.6 m;
• 9mm- for a rafter step less than 0.6 m;

Adjacent elements are stacked with the formation of a 2 mm gap(if work is carried out in winter, then it must be increased to 3 mm). If this rule is neglected, then under the influence of moisture, wood materials can swell and swell. All flooring elements must be treated with antiseptic solutions, as their moisture resistance is not ideal.

When using FSF sheets, their fastening to the rafters is carried out using self-tapping screws or nails, with a step of 150 mm. To select the correct fastener length you need to use the following formula:

L = h × 2.5;

• L is the length of the screw or nail;
• h is the thickness of the plywood sheet.

Installation of OSB sheets is carried out in a similar way. For fastening, in addition to self-tapping screws, can be used spiral or ring nails. The step between them should be equal to 150 mm, and in the case of using spiral elements, it can be increased to 300 mm.

NOTE!

Self-tapping screws and nails must be driven into the sheet material right up to the head. Thus, the coating will be better protected from atmospheric moisture. You can calculate the number of tiles and the batten system on our website.

On last step the laying of the underlying carpet is underway, on which the soft roof is mounted.

Single-layer lathing of tongue-and-groove boards or tess

The basic principle of arranging such a variant of the base for a soft roof is the transverse laying of piece wooden elements directly on the rafters.

The width of the boards is usually 10-14 cm.

The thickness is selected depending on the pitch of the rafters, since this distance directly affects the required bending resistance of the boards.

The pattern is as follows:

• Rafter pitch from 300 to 900 mm - board thickness 20 mm;
• from 900 to 1200 mm - board thickness 23 mm;
• from 1200 to 1500 mm - board thickness 30 mm;
• For a step of 1500 mm - the thickness of the board is 37 mm;

Installation is carried out from the lower edge of the slope. In this case, the elements must fit strictly perpendicular trays up(for the implementation of the movement of moisture from the rain along the tray to the eaves).

When exposed to moisture and temperature fluctuations, wood changes its geometric dimensions. Therefore, between the ends of the boards it is necessary to arrange a gap of 3 mm. Fastening is carried out using nails or self-tapping screws, hammered as close as possible to the edge edge of the product.

Installation of a continuous two-layer crate

The main difference from a single-layer base under is the presence of the lower frame of the counter-lattice. It is made from boards (25mm × (100-140) mm) or bars (30 × 70mm, 50 × 50mm), by stuffing them onto the rafter base at a right angle. The step of the boards of the counter-lattice should be about 200-300 mm.

The next layer is laid a layer of boards at a 45-degree angle. Between them, as in the case of a single-layer structure made of piece elements, a stabilizing gap of 3 mm is arranged. In addition to boards, plywood or OSB sheets can be used, with or without a layer of insulation (for a warm attic).

The device of the combined crate in steps:

• Laying and fixing thermal insulation between truss elements;
• A waterproofing film is stretched on this layer, which is nailed to the rafters with the help of bars of the counter-lattice (25 × 30 mm). In the case of a cold attic installation, thermal and waterproofing is not required.
• Sheet materials are fixed with a step of 300 mm in places above the rafters, and 150 mm - above the bars of the counter-lattice.

CAREFULLY!

Wood materials should have a moisture content of no more than 20%.

Do-it-yourself installation of rafters under a soft roof

Rafters - elements of the supporting frame of the roof, perceiving and redistributing weather load and the weight of the entire roof on wall structures. In addition, it is the basis for subsequent work on the device of the upper part of the building.

It differs from the construction of a truss system for other materials only in the presence of an additional crate that provides fastening of small-piece flexible tile elements.

The sequence of installation of the truss frame:

1. Built at height plank template repeating the design contours of the future roof;
2. The template falls to the ground. In accordance with its outlines, they are installed and fixed load-bearing rafter legs;
3. Inside the triangular frame, the remaining elements of the truss are located (braces, racks, puffs, etc.);
4. All parts are interconnected by rigid connections;
5. On bearing walls longitudinally fit mauerlat, which is bars 100 * 150 mm. It is fixed with a wire rod or a hairpin connection;
6. A supporting log or squared ridge run is installed (in case of a span of more than 6 m between the walls, a preliminary installation of additional truss structures will be required);
7. The first farm rises, and installed on one of the ends of the building. It is pre-fixed;
8. The second farm rises which must be installed on the other end, and also fix with a detachable connection;
9. A rope is stretched between two farms, with which the verticality of the installation is checked;
10. The final fixing of the supporting truss system is carried out using a rigid or swivel joint.
11. The following farms are installed with a certain step. The step of the rafters under the soft roof should be from 0.6 m to 1.5 m. In this case, it must be taken into account that the more, the smaller the step of the rafter legs should be.
12. On the rafter legs, a single-layer or two-layer crate is constructed under a soft roof. almost ready.

Useful video

And now the installation of the crate using the example in the video:

Conclusion

Soft roofing is one of the innovative options for finishing the upper part of the building. It is practical and easy to use, and also has high technological and aesthetic performance properties. However, its construction will require a little more effort and time, since you need to take care of installing an additional lattice frame.

In contact with

Soft roofing is increasingly being used to decorate roofs in low-rise construction. It is practical, beautiful, modern and reliable. But the durability of its service will depend on whether the installation was carried out correctly. Of considerable importance is the correct crate for a soft roof. How to do it correctly, what requirements should it meet?

Also known as shingles. For the first time in the building materials market, it was introduced about 30 years ago. This elastic material is made on the basis of fiberglass or polyester, which are impregnated with bituminous compounds. The result is a water resistant, durable yet flexible material that is ideal for roof finishing.

The surface of a flexible tile is always covered with a special dressing - fine crumbs obtained during the processing of various minerals. AND bottom layer has a sticky base that allows you to stick the tiles on the roof. Tiles of this type are used in the arrangement of roofs with slope angles of at least 11-12 degrees.

On a note! Flexible shingles are different wide choice shades and colors, sizes. That is why you should not purchase materials made by different manufacturers even if they are very similar to each other.

Due to its softness, such tiles need a special foundation. It can only be laid on a crate made in a certain way.

Prices for various types and manufacturers of shingles

What is a crate, its types

Lathing is an element necessary for each roof, which is a system of boards and beams on which roofing material is attached. She happens different types, the choice among which is made depending on which roofing material is used. For example, if the roof is covered with slate, then the crate can be sparse, that is, there will be gaps between its elements (a certain step). If soft coatings are installed on the roof, then the crate should be continuous, without gaps. For laying bituminous tiles, it is necessary to use a solid type of crate.

On a note! The crate can have two layers at once - sparse and solid. Due to this, it will be possible to achieve good roof ventilation, lay thermal insulation and improve the quality and reliability of the roof as a whole.

The sparse crate is always laid perpendicular to the roof rafters (parallel to the ridge), the solid one is fixed on top of the mounted sparse one. At the same time, do not forget about laying heat and waterproofing materials.

A high-quality and properly installed crate for a soft roof must meet the following criteria:

• be strong;
• do not bend under the weight of the roofing material;
• remain stable even under the influence of environmental factors;
• be even - not have bumps, protrusions, bumps, all sharp elements are removed from it, the heads of nails and self-tapping screws should not protrude above the level of the horizontal surface of the boards;
• should not have large gaps between individual elements ( maximum step- 1 cm).

On a note! Sometimes a solid crate is laid directly on the rafters, without the use of a sparse crate - the so-called single-layer flooring. This is done to speed up the construction process, usually the option is used only for houses that do not need enhanced insulation and waterproofing.

Materials for the manufacture of crates

crate under soft tiles can be made from several types of materials. The main requirements for them are strength, reliability, durability and evenness.

Plywood most often used to create crates for soft tiles. This is an environmentally friendly material, multi-layered, sufficiently wear-resistant, inexpensive, easy to use and durable. The main thing is to purchase a moisture-resistant option for the roof - ordinary plywood cannot be used here. The most suitable brand is FSF plywood. It has the qualities necessary to create a crate - fracture strength, ductility, low density, light weight, and is not afraid of the effects of fungus. Such plywood is resistant to moisture, which means it will not rot. In the process of its manufacture, remnants from the processing of coniferous wood are used.

Another good and suitable material for creating crates is OSB board, a somewhat improved version of the chipboard familiar to many. She's different high level moisture resistance, dense and durable, not afraid of snow load, very smooth and does not deform under the influence of moisture. It will ensure that there are no height differences and will allow you to make the crate perfectly flat. Installation is quite simple and does not require the use of any special tools.

Lathing for a soft roof can be made of edged or tongue-and-groove softwood board. The material should have a low moisture content - no more than 20%. The width of the boards used should be 140 mm. The main disadvantage is the tendency of the boards to deform, due to moisture they often warp and bulges and cracks form on the surface of the crate.

Important! Before being used in construction, wood must be treated with antiseptic compounds, as well as preparations that increase the fire resistance of the material.

Prices for different types of building boards

Building boards

Rules for the manufacture of crates

The creation of a crate can only be done in compliance with certain rules. Otherwise, the design will not serve for a long time, it will quickly deteriorate. And the manufacturer of soft tiles does not guarantee its material in case of violation of the installation technology.

So, special attention is required to determine the value of the angle of inclination of the roof slope. If it is very small and is only 5-10 degrees, then it is necessary to lay soft tiles only on a continuous crate made of plywood, boards. And in general, in this case, this material is not recommended to be used. If the slope angle is equal to a value within 10-15 degrees, then the crate is made of a bar with a section of 45x50 mm, covered with plywood or OSB. The bars are installed in increments of 45 cm. If the angle exceeds 15 degrees, then a bar of the same section is used to create the crate, but mounted in increments of 60 cm.

Attention! When calculating the requirements for the crate, it is important to take into account the climatic features of the region - the load that the roof will experience due to snow cover. The load that will be created due to the roofing material itself is also taken into account.

Table. The dependence of the pitch of the rafters on the thickness of the material used.

During the installation of the crate, it is worth remembering the compensation gaps that are left between the elements of the material from which the solid base is created. The gap between sheets of plywood or OSB should be 5-10 mm. In the event of swelling of the material, it will save the roof from curvature, and the roofing material from damage.

plywood prices

Lathing technology. Design features

The basis of any roof is a system of rafters. They are fixed on the Mauerlat - a support that is mounted around the perimeter of the house and will experience the maximum load. Therefore, the Mauerlat must be strong and securely fixed. Fixation is carried out using anchor bolts. If the walls of the house are not built of wood, but of aerated concrete or brick, then it is recommended to additionally fix the anchors with a cement composition.

After installing the Mauerlat, the truss system is created. Rafters can be made of wood, metal and other materials. The easiest way to work with wood, it is easy to fit it to certain dimensions on the spot, and you don’t have to order special equipment to climb up. The rafters are installed in increments, which is determined based on the thickness and width of the materials used for the continuous crate (if it will be laid immediately on them). For example, with a board thickness of 2 cm, the pitch can be 50 cm. The same pitch can be used when laying plywood or OSB 10 cm thick. If the pitch is too large, the roof base will sag over time under the weight of the roofing material itself.

On a note! If the crate is mounted from a board, then it is important to round its edges in order to avoid uneven surfaces on the surface in the future.

Do not forget that the roof must have ventilation. As it, the gap that is formed between the solid and sparse crate is quite suitable. If the boards are laid on the logs, then it is important to think about how to make the air. Otherwise, condensate will accumulate under the roofing material, which will have a negative impact on all elements included in the roof structure.

Waterproofing is also an important aspect that should not be neglected.. A material capable of retaining moisture is laid on the rafters and fixed with bars - a counter-lattice is formed (sparse crate).

Thermal insulation is useful if the house is planned to be used as residential throughout the year. In the case of temporary country house, where they will live only in the summer, thermal insulation may not be useful.

The fastening of the materials of the crate is carried out using self-tapping screws. Nails are used less often. However, regardless of which fastener option is used, the caps must in any case be recessed into the base. Otherwise, the coating on top may be damaged. Fasteners are made in increments of at least 15 cm.

Plywood sheets are stacked apart - their joints in parallel rows should not be in the same place. OSB boards are installed in a checkerboard pattern, that is, the expansion of the seams is also necessary. The joints of the longitudinal seams should be located on the bars of the batten (counter battens).

Important! After the work on creating the crate is completed, the lining carpet is laid on a flat base. Only after this is the installation of the most flexible tiles.

Don't forget the drip

A dropper provides protection for cornices and rafters from moisture. Its purpose is to remove moisture from the roof into the drainage system. Thus, this element will protect the wooden parts of the structure from moisture, the onset of rotting processes, the development of mold or fungus.

The dropper is fixed on the edge of the roof in a vertical position. Due to this, water from the roof will flow directly into the drain. As a rule, this element is made of galvanized steel, painted in such a color as to harmonize with the roofing material. It is installed around the entire perimeter of the roof. Fastening is made to the crate.

Creating a crate for soft tiles

Step 1. Taking into account the bearing capacity of the foundation and the shape of the roof, a rafter system from a board with a section of 150x50 mm. Elements are installed in increments of 60 cm.

Step 2 From the inside, a vapor barrier membrane is attached to the rafters, which will prevent moisture coming from inside the house from affecting the roofing materials. The vapor barrier roll is rolled out parallel to the eaves, the material is fixed by using construction stapler to the rafters. The individual strips of material are laid overlapping each other. The overlap is 10-15 cm. The membrane is also overlapped on the walls.

Step 3 Insulation is being installed. Mineral wool, which will be used in this case, has a thickness of 20 cm. This is the best option for the regions of Russia. In general, the thickness of the insulation will vary depending on the climate of the area. The material is laid on top of the vapor barrier membrane. The width of the insulation should be equal to the installation step of the rafters. If the material is laid in several layers, then the vertical seams should be spaced apart.

Attention! From the inside, several support boards are nailed to the rafters through the membrane to help hold the insulation in place.

Step 4 In increments of 60 cm, a counter beam with a section of 5x5 cm is installed. Another layer of thermal insulation 5 cm thick is laid between the individual bars.

Step 5 A vapor-diffusion membrane is being laid, which will protect the roofing materials from dust and moisture. It is laid on a heater, a roll of material is rolled out parallel to the eaves. Separate strips are laid with an overlap of at least 10 cm. The membrane is also extended 20 cm beyond the contour of the insulated layer of the building. Fixation of the material is carried out using a stapler. The overlaps are additionally glued with adhesive tape.

Step 6 To ensure under-roof ventilation, a ventilation chamber is created. To do this, counter-bars with a section of 5x5 cm and a step of 30 cm are installed parallel to the rafters. The bars are fastened in a checkerboard pattern so that there is a free gap of about 5-10 cm between them every 1.5-2 m.

Step 7 Oriented strand board or plywood creates a solid base for shingles. The thickness of the material is at least 9 mm. The plates are laid apart relative to each other, while small gaps remain between them - 4-10 mm. Sheets are laid parallel to the eaves.

Step 8 Mounting of cornice strips is carried out. They are placed on the edge solid base. Fixation is carried out with self-tapping screws in increments of 25-30 cm. Individual elements are installed with an overlap on each other. The overlap must be coated with sealant.

After that, the flooring of the lining carpet and the laying of the soft roof are made.

Prices for OSB (Oriented Strand Board)

OSB (Oriented Strand Board)

Video - Creating a base for a soft roof

Sheathing is one of the most important details in a roofing system created using soft tiles. It is not difficult to create a crate, but it is important to remember all the intricacies of installation, otherwise the roofing material will not last long.

In order to fix any type of roofing material on the roof, a crate is used. What it will be depends on the type of coverage. In this material, we will talk about what should be the crate for soft tiles and how to properly fix it.

In essence, a batten is a series of battens or other materials that are attached to a truss system for subsequent laying of a finish coat.

The main nuances and scheme of the crate

The sheathing scheme for flexible tiles can be of two types:

• with gaps - for the installation of hard coatings, for example, metal tiles, slate or corrugated board;
• laid in a continuous layer - for soft roofing.

It is noteworthy that the installation of a continuous crate for laying soft roofing is carried out in two layers. First, a rail or board is stuffed at intervals over the rafters, and then a continuous layer of lathing from a solid OSB slab under a soft roof or from plywood with water-repellent impregnation is attached to them. By the way, this finishing layer serves as additional sound and heat insulation.

Installation technology of lathing and OSB under soft tiles

As well as in the case of all other structural elements of the roof, the installation of the batten must be carried out in accordance with the following rules:

1. A continuous coating of boards or sheets of moisture-resistant plywood is performed on pitched roofs with a slope of 5-10º.
2. On the slopes, the slope of which is 10-15º, first a crate is made under the OSB on the roof from bars with a section of 45 × 50 mm, laying them in 45 cm increments parallel to the eaves, and then laying waterproof plywood or chipboard.
3. The same beam is also used on roofs with a slope of more than 15º, however, they are laid 60 cm apart.
4. Additional lathing bars are installed in places where the valley is attached to the ridge run.

It is believed that the roof will last the longest if the soft roof is laid on boards calibrated to the same size. In this case, the crate will turn out to be even, without height differences, so that the joints can be perfectly adjusted. Therefore, on this basis, the coating will not be damaged ahead of time, and will not lose its performance characteristics.

The most preferred for construction are edged coniferous boards, which combine low price and good performance.

When organizing a sparse lathing for the subsequent laying of soft roofing, the boards are laid with an indent of no more than 10 cm. For a solid type of lathing, edged boards, chipboards and moisture-resistant plywood sheets are successfully used. Please note that the installation of OSB under a soft roof must be carried out necessarily on strong boards, while its humidity should not exceed 20%.

Since the crate will be exposed to external influences, it must be strong enough to withstand:

• increased snow loads in winter period;
• weight of the finish.

Based on these conditions, the calculation of the structural elements of the roof is performed. In particular, if the pitch of the rafters for a soft roof is 50 cm, the crate is made of 20 mm edged boards or 10 mm waterproof plywood. When the rafter pitch is increased to 120 cm, plywood with a thickness of 20 mm or a board of 30 mm thickness is used. That is, the thickness of the OSB for a soft roof directly depends on the distance between the rafters.

Please note that wood, unlike soft tiles, is very susceptible to decay and the development of fungus. Therefore, before installation, without exception, all wooden elements must be treated with an antiseptic.

Why do you need a drip on the roof

The dropper is one of the essential components of the crate. Its function is to protect the cornice from water leakage. This is important, because in these places wooden structures most susceptible to decay. Inner corner drip can vary between 100-130º depending on the steepness of the slopes. These elements are mounted on the edges of the roof, making sure that the water flows along them strictly vertically directly into the drain. In addition, the dropper gives the entire roof structure a more finished look.

Drip Features:

• they produce such parts from galvanized sheet steel with a polymer coating that provides additional anti-corrosion protection;
• the color scheme of the dropper must match the color of the main coating so as not to create dissonance;
• drippers must be installed around the entire perimeter of the roof in order to equally protect the roof and facade from water leakage;
• this element reduces the windage of the pitched roof, this allows you to protect the structure from the wind.

Drip installation method

The technology for installing droppers involves some nuances:

• the main part of the dropper is fixed on the crate board, while its lower segment should be directed to the drain;
• adjacent segments of steel drips are laid overlapping each other;
• additional protection of the edge of the crate is provided by front slats;
• at the next stage, the installation of the roofing carpet begins, not forgetting to coat its edges with mastic so that it grabs better;
• soft roofing is laid on top of the drip.

So, the crate is a very important element that allows you to lay a quality soft roofing.

1. For a soft roof, two layers of lathing are required, combined into a single structure.
2. The surface of a continuous crate should not contain height differences and defects.
3. To avoid damage to the soft surface, all protruding sharp edges and bends must be rounded off.
4. As a rule, a cut board with a width of 14 cm is used.
5. To prevent moisture from seeping into the space under the roof, the board should be laid with the tray up.
6. As well as sharp ribs, the ends of the edge boards must be rounded so as not to damage the roofing material.
7. Protection of wood from pests and rotting will be provided by treatment with antiseptics.
8. The strength of the wind in a particular region, as well as the slope of the pitched roof, affect the step of the crate for soft tiles. Decreases as the wind strength increases.
9. Moisture-resistant plywood sheets or chipboard under a soft roof should be laid with an indent of 1 cm so that when the material swells from moisture, it does not crack.
10. The dropper will protect the wooden cornices and the crate from the flow of precipitation.

The crate under the soft roof has its own characteristics. Since such a device is found quite often in the construction spaces of our state, it is necessary to find out the main nuances and varieties of materials for its manufacture. If you properly perform such a roof, you can achieve excellent technical characteristics, including resistance to natural disasters. Plus the ease installation work and low labor intensity of processes cannot leave indifferent all modern developers. In this article, we will consider the device of the crate for a soft roof and get acquainted with all the features and nuances of such a design.

Before you make a crate, you should know which material is better to choose for its manufacture, because each of them has its own individual characteristics. technical specifications. To date, there are a huge number of options, and the most polar among which are the following types:

• To create a crate, a cut calibrated planed board with a width of about 14 cm is very often used. The material must be of high quality and reliable. Professional builders recommend preparing it in advance;
• The device is often made from a block of wood. It is worth noting that special attention should be paid to the moisture content of the wood, which should not exceed 20% of the dry weight. During the workflow, the dimensions of the bars may change, so you need to purchase them with a small margin;
• Lathing for a soft roof is created from a roofing or diffuse film material. It has a positive effect on thermal and waterproofing performance;
• With the help of roofing runs, you can not only strengthen the roof, but also increase its stability and reliability;
• The use of plywood contributes to the creation of a perfectly flat and smooth surface. Plus, in such a device there are absolutely no cracks and cracks, which has a positive effect on tightness.

Attention! Lathing under a soft roof should be created only from materials High Quality and with optimal technical parameters, otherwise you can not even dream of a durable and reliable roof.

Types of lathing for soft roofing

The roof lathing for a soft roof is created in order to ensure the fastening of materials to the base of the building surface. Visually, it resembles a frame, as it consists of a series of boards attached to a rafter system. Regarding the type of roof on which it is laid, it has its own characteristics, while there are two main types of battens:

• Solid type. Most often, such a crate can be found in a device with soft roofing materials;
• sparse type. Is the best option for slate structures, metal tiles and other solid roofing projects.

Most often, the crate for shingles and other soft materials is produced using two-layer technology. First, one continuous level is made, for which a chipboard (chipboard) is used. It is worth noting that they can also lay moisture-resistant plywood. Then lay a sparse layer made of boards.

Attention! Such a device allows you to increase the efficiency of heat and sound insulation in the room.

Installation of lathing under a soft roof

The installation process of the crate is quite simple. To create a high-quality and effective coating, you must follow the following sequence:

• We fasten the bars of wood from the bottom up to the load-bearing points of the roof;
• We nail the lower purlin behind the eaves with a board;
• Then we lay the roofing tape horizontally to the roof ridge. First, we make a strip at the eaves, gradually rising with an overlap to the top. In order to facilitate the gap of the ventilation system, we fix the material between the counter-lattice of the bars and the rafters;
• After we fix the first bar to the very edge of the rafters;
• We mount the second bar at a distance of about 30-35 cm from the lowest point of the first frame element;
• We continue the installation of the bars, maintaining the step of the crate under the soft roof - 37 cm. We attach the last element to the ridge 20 cm with nails;

Attention! All elements of the crate must be mounted in a horizontal position. If you meet the requirements regarding the distance to the lower edges of the structure, then you can achieve excellent indicators of strength and reliability.

As you can see, the installation process does not require special skills, but there are many nuances, without adhering to which you can ruin the coating. It is best to find a specialist in your assistants.

Rules for mounting the crate relative to the corner

Before writing this section, we watched a lot of videos and outlined the basic rules that will help you create the perfect roof arrangement. Lathing for a soft roof should be created taking into account such nuances:

• For roofs with an angle of less than 10 degrees, it is necessary to make a continuous type crate. For this, it is best to use moisture-resistant plywood;
• If the angle varies from 10 to 15 degrees, then the crate is made in increments of 45 mm. To create a device, it is optimal to use timber and waterproof plywood. The structure should be directed parallel to the eaves of the building;
• If the angle exceeds 15 degrees, then the step should be increased to 60 cm. To create a structure, a beam with a size of 45 by 50 mm is best suited;
• An additional beam should be installed in those places where the valleys and the ridge will be attached.

The best material for the manufacture of lathing under a soft roof should be considered a calibrated board. Thanks to equal thicknesses, an even joint is obtained and a stepped design is avoided. Practical experience has proven that such surfaces can last much longer than uneven roofs. It is for this reason that developers buy quality material and try to match the boards as accurately as possible.

Attention! Coniferous species are considered the best wood for these purposes, which please with both cost and excellent technical characteristics.

Recommendations regarding the load and parameters of the crate

The optimal step when creating a crate for soft roofing materials is considered to be a value not exceeding 10 cm. This norm is caused by certain characteristics of the products. For a continuous layer, a calibrated edged board, which has already been mentioned above, is ideal. Also help to create a perfect flat surface without seams - waterproof plywood and chipboard sheets. It should be borne in mind that this layer must be tightly attached to the boards and have a moisture content not exceeding 20%. When creating a structure, we pay attention that its strength corresponds to the load that will put pressure on it:

• Take into account the possible load from snow cover;
• Calculate the load that is created from the roofing materials.

Relative to these indicators, the necessary parameters of the crate are determined. Thus, if the laying step is about 50 cm, then a board with a thickness of at least 20 mm should be used, and with a step of 120 cm, at least 30 mm. It is worth noting that one of the features of a soft roof is resistance to biological damage, but this does not apply to the tree from which the crate is knocked down. For this reason, it is recommended to perform special treatment with antiseptics that will protect the structure from fungi.

Features of installing a drip

The dropper is considered an important element in the device of the crate for a soft roof, as it is responsible for protection against the adverse effects of moisture. The bending of the product depends on the angle of the roof, its value varies from 100 to 130 degrees. Attach the dripper to the edge of the roof, vertically directing it down so that the water flows to the ground. Features include the following:

• For the manufacture of the dropper, galvanized steel is used, which does not tend to rust;
• In order not to spoil the aesthetic appearance of the building, the color of the drip should be matched to the shade of the roof;
• To fully protect the roof and facade, you should stretch the drip around the entire perimeter of the building;
• The device is able to provide protection against wind currents.

So we got acquainted with all the features of creating crates for buildings with a soft roof. Follow all the tips and tricks, and you will definitely succeed!