Dear, your advice seems to be not bad, but did you re-read the site yourself before publishing information on it? How can you use foil without a counter rail? Meaning? And it’s not good for people to advise people to make safety from DSP and galvanized sheets in the steam room (seen in the drawings) after heating them there will be no improvement in the health of the body. I would like to advise you to fix this with Minerite and only stainless steel.

Dmitry, Tula.

Hello, Dmitry from Tula!

When I published information you didn’t like about the use of galvanizing and cement bonded particle boards, there was no trace of Finnish mineralite flam sheets on sale, and our site is already more than ten years old.

Now there are no problems with them, there is money - everything can be bought.

And I had to figure out everything not only from construction literature, but also at random. Yes, we currently do not install foil without a counter rail; whenever possible, we advise clients to install stainless steel screens instead of galvanized sheets.
But to this day there is still a galvanized screen and a frame for a home-made metal stove made of DSP sheets. It’s not entirely good, but there’s no money or time to redo it, and I haven’t died yet from bad environmental conditions, allergies and fire.

When welding metals containing zinc, a sweetish taste does appear in the mouth, but the welding temperature is many times higher than the temperature behind the sauna stove, lined with fireclay bricks, and only then installed with a galvanized screen sheet. With the same success, you can avoid steaming bath brooms in galvanized basins installed on the stove in the steam room, where do you wet them?

And what - all bath accessories such as outlets and passages from bath pipes, outer shells of pipe sandwiches are made only from stainless steel? I have never seen one; at best, only flame pipes, and sometimes water heating tanks. However, everything mentioned is made of galvanized steel, and its temperature is not much lower than the temperature of the mentioned screen.

Regarding stainless steel. At our enterprise they made (illegally, of course) skewers from it. X18N9T, as far as I remember. So, in a barbecue at certain temperatures, the components of chromium, nickel, titanium, etc. do not release into the kebab? And for some reason, officially produced canning lids made of the same metal under the consumer goods program oxidized after contact with canned mushrooms. The indignant grandmother ran to the workshop to the head of the quality control department and began to download her license, showing the blackened lid.

I will not retell the content of Internet forums; they provide a fairly large number of examples of the use of various materials and all their pros and cons. And your mineralite can still burn, even if the technology for its installation is not entirely correct. Tanks and those burn, along with the stainless steel components included in them. The only question is the heating temperature.

I do not rule out the possibility that over time they will remember with horror all the materials currently used in steam rooms and the effect they had on steamers. And the notorious asbestos, dust and other things were once considered to have no effect on human health.
Lead pipes of aqueducts, lead dinner plates, mercury as a medicine in ancient Rome don’t mean anything to you? Aluminum utensils from which we scraped semolina? Silver glasses, if water is constantly stored in them, can release unsafe doses of silver ions into it. Maybe in ten years they will recommend completely different materials for steam rooms.

Everything flows, everything changes.

However, I will not polemicize. What was good yesterday becomes unacceptable today, and what will happen tomorrow is completely unknown to us.

In any case, thanks for the criticism.

P.S.
And finally - In our country there are tens of thousands, if not hundreds of thousands of wells, from which water is collected in galvanized buckets.
So should we cancel them or leave them? After all, there is still contact between zinc and water, albeit at a minimum temperature.

Other questions on the topic of arranging a Russian bathhouse.

Measures to prevent poisoning: suction of zinc vapors and dust from the place of formation, good ventilation of the work area, mechanization of the production process. In some cases, it is necessary to use respirators. First aid for poisoning with zinc compounds (zinc oxide, etc.) - alkaline inhalations, intravenously - 20 ml of a 40% glucose solution with 300 mg of ascorbic acid, orally - drink plenty of fluids (strong sweet tea, coffee); cardiac medications, oxygen, rest, warmth (as indicated). Zinc chloride (zinc chloride) is used in industry for impregnation of wood (for example, sleepers), in the paper industry, in the production of viscose, for the production of mineral paints, metallic zinc by electrolysis, etc. It has a pronounced irritant (cauterizing) effect, causing inflammatory and ulcerative changes skin and mucous membranes.

Zinc as an occupational hazard

Thus, zinc ranks second after iron in terms of importance for the human body. However, it should be noted that prolonged intake of zinc salts into the body causes severe intoxication and poisoning (excess zinc most often occurs due to inhalation of vapors of this element).

I found galvanized steel in the steam room. What to do? An advantage of just one milligram can determine the vector of action of the metal. There is a fine line between the benefits and harms of zinc, which is better learned in theory than in practice.

Most researchers believe that today, mostly people suffer from zinc deficiency in the body. However, some scientists are inclined to believe that an excess of zinc in the body leads to an imbalance of the immune system, just like a deficiency.

Car welding technology The whole difficulty lies in the fact that zinc evaporates during the welding process.

Zinc vapor is harmful to health

Is zinc harmful? Professor Jay von Fraunhofer led a study examining the beneficial effects of zinc on the body. But is zinc harmful? As a result of experiments, it turned out that this chemical element also has an extremely negative effect on humans.

Attention

Excess zinc in the body impairs the body's ability to absorb copper. In addition, zinc has another property - its ability to accumulate.

Zinc. benefits and harms of zinc

Important

Zinc with vitamin A is especially useful, activating its action and transporting the vitamin in the blood to all cells of the body. Zinc is found in cell membranes, protects them from damage, and increases resistance to microbes.

Info

It has been noted that zinc affects intellectual abilities (the level of the element in the body of talented students is much higher than that of lagging students). The benefits of zinc for men's health are also obvious - the element is actively involved in spermatogenesis, and also prevents the development of prostate tumors.

Zinc as an industrial poison

The reason for this may be long-term use of antibiotics, folic acid, birth control pills or alcohol. This affects the body as follows:

• There are signs of developmental delays in children;
• Appetite decreases;
• The sense of taste and smell decreases;
• Wounds do not heal well;
• Vision decreases, especially difficult to see in the dark or twilight;
• Frequent manifestations of infectious diseases and decreased immunity levels are possible;
• Baldness;
• Light spots on the nails and their fragility may appear;
• Increased susceptibility to various skin diseases;
• Underdevelopment of the genital organs.

Safety comes first. galvanizing of metals

Few people know, but it turns out that the effect of vitamin A largely depends on whether there is enough zinc in the body, since it activates the work of the vitamin and organizes its movement through the blood vessels to every cell of the body. Foods containing zinc: pay attention to seafood Large amounts of zinc are found in the pituitary gland (the main endocrine gland in our body), other endocrine glands, liver, skeleton, nails and hair.

In the blood, zinc is found mainly in the nuclei and mitochondria of red blood cells; it is partially contained in bone tissue. Zinc is part of most enzymes (substances that can greatly accelerate biochemical reactions), in addition, it regulates the activity of most enzyme systems.
Is zinc harmful? In addition, zinc has another property - its ability to accumulate.
With prolonged inhalation of zinc oxide dust in significant concentrations, moderate symptoms of pneumosclerosis and emphysema develop, less often - finely spotted dissemination due to the deposition of radiopaque zinc oxide dust in the lungs; Urobilinuria and porphyrinuria are possible. Skin irritation and ulceration are noted (mostly) on the back of the hands. The clinical picture of chronic poisoning with zinc chloride is associated with its sharply irritating effect on the mucous membranes and skin, up to the development of dermatitis, as well as a mild allergenic effect on the body. Inhalation of zinc chloride smoke causes coughing, nausea, and inflammation in the upper respiratory tract, bronchi, and lungs.

In severe cases, a perforation of the nasal septum is possible. Zinc sulfate and stearate also have an irritating effect.

Why is zinc production harmful to the human body?

The harm of zinc begins with a significant overdose of the metal in the body - 150-600 mg is already poison for humans, and 6 g guarantees death. With metal intoxication, weakness, nausea and other signs of poisoning are observed.

Of course, we rarely encounter the metal in such doses, but the harm of zinc can manifest itself unnoticed by us through indirect contact with the element. For example, drinking standing water from galvanized vessels is not recommended - soluble zinc compounds will have a negative effect on the gastrointestinal tract. Metal dust can cause lung pathology. Zinc phosphide used for rodent control is extremely dangerous for humans. The harm of zinc mainly manifests itself in contact with modifications of the element into complex compounds. Although zinc metal itself is neutral for humans. To summarize, zinc is good for humans in moderation and only in “edible form.”
Nevertheless, scientists became seriously interested in the properties of zinc and its role in biological processes only in the mid-twentieth century, when it was accidentally discovered that in burned rats, the wounds healed an order of magnitude faster if a small amount of this mineral was added to their daily diet. Zinc is a component of more than three hundred different enzymes and hormones. About the benefits and harms of zinc on the human body Zinc is an important element of the human body and ranks second in its content after iron. Even in ancient Egypt, zinc-based ointments were used, which contributed to the rapid healing of wounds. But, like any element of the periodic table, zinc requires a precisely balanced attitude. An advantage of just one milligram can determine the vector of action of the metal.
Chronic poisoning of workers can occur due to impurities of lead, arsenic, antimony, cadmium, etc. contained in zinc. For the diagnosis of zinc poisoning, its detection in excreta is important. Soluble zinc salts precipitate proteins and have a significant cauterizing effect on the skin and mucous membranes. Zinc oxide is used as a paint (zinc white), as an accelerator for the vulcanization of rubber compounds, in the production of zinc salts, printing inks, glass, ceramics, matches, celluloid, dental cement, cosmetics, in the textile industry, etc.

It also occurs in industrial conditions, when zinc, in accordance with technology requirements, is heated above the boiling point and released in the form of vapors into the air of the working premises. Transforming into a highly dispersed aerosol, zinc vapor is easily oxidized by atmospheric oxygen.

In animals, when large doses of zinc compounds are ingested parenterally, a more or less severe disorder of renal function is observed; with constant exposure to small doses, catarrh of the gastrointestinal mucosa (gastritis, colitis), stomach and duodenal ulcers develop. Chronic poisoning of workers can occur due to impurities of lead, arsenic, antimony, cadmium, etc. contained in zinc.

Zinc vapor is harmful to health Zinc is found in large quantities in cereals (especially sprouted wheat), eggs, beef, dairy products, nuts, beef liver and strawberries. It is also found in gels used to attach dentures and in cold medicines.

Zinc is an important trace element involved in the vital processes of the whole organism. A deficiency and an excess of this substance are equally harmful to the human immune system.

Therefore, it is important to know what are the health benefits and harms of zinc? What is the normal level of its content in the body? And what to do in case of its deficiency and poisoning with the substance?

Zinc: consumption rate, reasons for deficiency and beneficial properties

The human body should receive 15-20 mg of microelement daily. It enters the body with food and is absorbed in the small intestine. 90% of the substance is excreted in feces, 2% in sweat and 10% in urine.

Most zinc is found in the liver, retina, kidneys, prostate gland and skin. Therefore, its use is indicated for diseases of all these organs.

The microelement promotes the absorption of vitamins E and A and improves blood flow to the vessels. Zn also takes part in the production of growth hormone and insulin.

Other beneficial properties of zinc:

1. improves metabolic processes and increases the rate of protein synthesis;
2. stimulates the immune system, increases the body's resistance to bacterial, viral infections and cancer;
3. accelerates skin regeneration;
4. improves memory;
5. normalizes blood circulation;
6. promotes the absorption of carbohydrates and fats;
7. improves taste sensitivity and sense of smell;
8. supports vision;
9. normalizes the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract;
10. participates in the formation of the musculoskeletal system.

Zn is especially necessary for men. With its help, reproductive function is supported and testosterone production is enhanced. Therefore, the stronger sex needs to enrich their diet with zinc-containing products.

However, today not only men, but many women and children are deficient in zinc. Microelement deficiency is observed in pregnant women and people whose profession requires attention and concentration.

Zinc deficiency can occur with frequent consumption of foods rich in fiber, excess copper in the body, alcohol abuse and protein deficiency. Microelement deficiency is observed in people who love sweet and salty foods.

Other factors leading to Zn deficiency are intestinal diseases, helminthic infestations and renal failure.

How does zinc deficiency and excess manifest itself?

If the content of the chemical element in the body is insufficient, vision deteriorates, dental diseases appear - ulcers and erosions on the oral mucosa, gingivitis and stomatitis. Also, the health hazards associated with zinc deficiency include frequent allergies, loss of appetite, weight loss, anemia, frequent colds, and slow skin regeneration.

Zn deficiency is dangerous because a person’s hair begins to fall out, nails become split, and the skin peels. The patient becomes depressed, his memory deteriorates, his sense of smell and taste are dulled.

With zinc deficiency, the level of cholesterol in the blood increases, the production of insulin and various enzymes decreases. Acne, dermatitis and eczema appear on the skin. In men, testosterone production decreases, potency deteriorates and the likelihood of developing prostate adenoma increases.

In mild to moderate forms of Zn deficiency, there is no need to immediately take zinc-containing drugs. The most affordable method of replenishing microelement reserves would be daily consumption of seafood, turkey meat, eggs, nuts, cocoa and seeds.

In case of severe deficiency, zinc preparations are prescribed. But the degree of absorption of the product depends on the type of zinc compound. Therefore, it is recommended to take zinc citrate, acetate, picolinate and gluconate.

Can Zn be harmful to the human body? With an excess of the substance, which occurs with the abuse of zinc-containing products, the absorption of copper, calcium and iron deteriorates.

Poisoning of the body occurs when 150 to 500 mg of a chemical element enters it. Intoxication is accompanied by malaise, nausea, chills and sometimes vomiting.

How can zinc be harmful and how to avoid poisoning?

In the process of studying the chemical element, it turned out that it is dangerous to human health. But the harm of zinc to the human body can be significant only if its daily dose is higher than 150 mg.

With an even greater intake of Zn into the body (600 mg), the patient develops signs of intoxication, including fainting and bleeding. With constant zinc vapor poisoning, a person develops hepatitis, anemia, kidney and liver failure and often suffers from ARVI.

Poisoning occurs not only when zinc-containing drugs are abused. Quite often, intoxication occurs after drinking water from a galvanized vessel. Therefore, food and liquids cannot be stored in containers with impurities of this metal, much less cooked or boiled.

The greatest harm to the body from zinc is observed if it is part of various alloys, which allows it to interact with various chemicals. But in its pure form, Zn is not hazardous to health. The only exception is individual metal intolerance, but it is extremely rare.

Zinc is harmful to the body, which increases when it interacts with other substances, and should not be taken together with the following drugs:

• diuretics;
• tetracyclines;
• vitamin A;
• pancreatic enzymes.

How can zinc be harmful in everyday life? Many people who have a private house or country house have their own smokehouse. Basically, the design chambers for smoking products are sheets of galvanized material.

But is it safe to use galvanizing when cooking food? The melting point of Zn is 419.5 degrees Celsius. But zinc vapor begins to form already at 180°C.

The element when cold is practically safe. But its oxide is not harmless.

Thus, a smokehouse with galvanized sheets does not pose a strong danger to the body. However, the interaction of a chemical element with any alkalis and acids promotes the transition of zinc salts into products.

In the smoking design, galvanization reacts with water vapor contained in the air, carbon dioxide, oxygen and water at temperatures up to 100 degrees. Such interaction promotes metal corrosion, the products of which are substances that do not dissolve in water - zinc hydroxide, zinc carbonate and oxide.

Despite the fact that galvanized AGV pipes are often used in many homes, zinc-containing materials found in the smoking device are not safe. After all, the smokehouse is exposed not only to temperature.

The smoking process produces a lot of smoke and its derivatives. This coating is especially harmful to the body - it warms up the walls of the chamber, and then the smoke penetrates into the food. Therefore, after each smoking, it is recommended to thoroughly wash off the soot on the inner sides of the structure.

Thus, zinc, the benefits and harms of which are equivalent to the body, must be taken carefully and only as prescribed by a doctor. If there is a deficiency of the substance, it is better to eat foods rich in this microelement. And so that the microelement does not harm the body, you should remove dishes, as well as zinc-containing objects and materials from your home.

Regular consumption of products containing zinc helps improve the condition of the skin and hair, and prevent various diseases. It is wrong to believe that the more of a given microelement comes from food, the better. Both deficiency and excess are equally harmful. When compiling a diet, it is necessary to maintain a balance so as not to harm your health.

Most of the element is in sperm.

Is zinc harmful?

Professor Jay von Fraunhofer led a study examining the beneficial effects of zinc on the body. But is zinc harmful? As a result of experiments, it turned out that this chemical element also has an extremely negative effect on humans.

Excess zinc in the body impairs the body's ability to absorb copper. In addition, zinc has another property - its ability to accumulate.

Excess zinc

The history of zinc use dates back thousands of years. Thus, the aesculapians of the ancient world, five thousand years ago, very actively used an ointment prepared on the basis of this component to treat various kinds of skin diseases and to speed up the healing process of wounds. Nevertheless, scientists became seriously interested in the properties of zinc and its role in biological processes only in the mid-twentieth century, when it was accidentally discovered that in burned rats, the wounds healed an order of magnitude faster if a small amount of this mineral was added to their daily diet.

Zinc is a component of more than three hundred different enzymes and hormones.

About the benefits and harms of zinc on the human body

Zinc is an important element in the human body and ranks second in content after iron. Even in ancient Egypt, zinc-based ointments were used, which contributed to the rapid healing of wounds. But, like any element of the periodic table, zinc requires a precisely balanced attitude. An advantage of just one milligram can determine the vector of action of the metal.

I found galvanized steel in the steam room. What to do?

Zinc is an important element in the human body and ranks second in content after iron. Even in ancient Egypt, zinc-based ointments were used, which contributed to the rapid healing of wounds. But, like any element of the periodic table, zinc requires a precisely balanced attitude. An advantage of just one milligram can determine the vector of action of the metal. There is a fine line between the benefits and harms of zinc, which is better learned in theory than in practice.

Most researchers believe that today, mostly people suffer from zinc deficiency in the body.

Poisoning with zinc and its compounds

Zinc chloride and sulfate are colorless crystals, used in the pulp and paper industry, for preserving wood, in the production of artificial fiber, zinc paints, for tinning and soldering.

Under industrial conditions, zinc enters the body mainly through the respiratory system, is excreted through the gastrointestinal tract, and partially through the kidneys. Zinc metal in the solid and dusty state is non-toxic.

Zinc vapor is harmful to health

Zinc is not just a mineral necessary for the functioning of all organ systems of the human body. This is an element whose deficiency and excess negatively affects human immunity. Therefore, it is very important to know how much zinc is needed for the body to function properly and how much of it can be harmful to health.

Zinc is found in large quantities in cereals (especially wheat germ), eggs, beef, dairy products, nuts, beef liver and strawberries.

Foods containing zinc: pay attention to seafood

Zinc is called the microelement of youth. Without zinc, proper metabolism is impossible, since it is part of all enzymes, hormones and vitamins, and therefore affects the condition of the body at the cellular level. Seafood is especially rich in zinc.

The amount of zinc in the human body is 1.75 g, that is, only two times less than iron. Large amounts of zinc are found in the pituitary gland (the main endocrine gland in our body), other endocrine glands, liver, skeleton, nails and hair.

Car welding technology

Due to their anti-corrosion properties, zinc alloys are always used in the automotive industry for the manufacture of parts for various vehicle systems. Parts of carburetors, fuel pumps, and brake valves are made from zinc alloys. Zinc is a difficult material to weld. The difficulty lies in the fact that during the welding process the zinc evaporates.

A sandwich chimney is one of the best options for removing smoke from fuel combustion in wood-burning sauna stoves. Currently, there are many design solutions for chimney devices in wooden buildings. And this applies primarily to the bathhouse with its main room - the steam room.

This article will present a chimney system using double-walled flue pipes (sandwiches) made of stainless steel. In addition, based on the presented drawings, important nuances and technology for installing a chimney with your own hands will be discussed, with a description of common mistakes.

Traditionally, the main material for constructing a chimney is refractory brick. At present, such chimneys for removing combustion products from the wood stove have not lost their relevance and are unlikely to ever become so. After all, it often happens that the owner of a Russian bathhouse wants only a brick heater, and with it a brick chimney.

But modern industry also offers alternative double-walled sandwich chimneys made of stainless steel or galvanized steel. In this regard, the question reasonably arises of what steel is best to make it from.

It would seem a strange question. After all, everyone knows that stainless steel has incomparable advantages over ordinary steel, including galvanized steel. These include high properties to resist corrosion, high temperatures, and appearance, which is very important when arranging the interior of a bathhouse.

Although galvanized coating allows you to extend the service life of a steel chimney, it is not to the same extent as stainless pipes. Any mechanical damage (scratches, dents, etc.) during installation will negatively affect the durability of the galvanized chimney itself. Damaged areas will become a source of corrosion, eventually rendering the entire pipe completely unusable. And this is the first step towards a fire in the bathhouse.

But there is one drawback of stainless chimneys and components - their high price compared to galvanized steel. For example, according to the price list of the Novosibirsk Sibenergotherm plant, the price of a meter-long thermally insulated sandwich pipe with a diameter of 115x175 mm (insulation thickness 30 mm) made of stainless steel is 1,500 rubles, and of galvanized steel – 1,000 rubles.

The same products from the Voronezh enterprise Ferrum can be purchased at the prices shown in this picture:

As you can see, there is a price difference. But it is not so significant as to refuse to install a stainless steel chimney. And given the excellent performance properties of stainless steel products, preference should be given to specifically for her.

To somehow reduce costs, you can make a combined chimney. So in the steam room with its “extreme conditions” and increased requirements for fire safety, as well as to give it a more respectable appearance, you can use stainless modular elements, and in the attic or outside the bathhouse made of galvanized steel.

However, during installation, difficulties may arise in joining modules made of different materials. Therefore, when purchasing, you should definitely check the possibility of their assembly. Purchasing products from only one manufacturer will provide an additional guarantee of assembly.

Basic requirements for a chimney in a bathhouse

As a rule, troubleshooting comes down to replacing damaged chimney elements or additionally treating them with a heat-resistant sealant, for example, Penosil Sealant +1500 or Pentelast-1130.

Note: the above requirements are given on the basis of the norms and regulations of SNiP 41-01-2003.

Do-it-yourself sandwich chimney in a bathhouse - assembly diagram and recommendations

This chapter will discuss only important issues regarding the installation of a chimney from a wood-burning stove. These are preparatory work, methods and order of assembly, as well as passage through the wooden floor between the steam room and the attic, and through the roof of the bathhouse.

Methods for connecting modular elements in a chimney

Installation of a chimney made of steel pipes is carried out in one of two ways: “by condensate” or “by smoke”.

The first method (“condensate assembly”) is designed to ensure that condensate, formed as a result of the temperature difference between the outside and inside the pipe, flows freely down the pipe. At the same time, the insulation located in the space between both pipes of the sandwich remains reliably protected from moisture.

The second method (assembly “by smoke”) is used when it is necessary to provide a 100% guarantee that carbon monoxide will not enter the steam room or other bath rooms through the gaps at the joint between adjacent internal pipes.

The figure on the left shows a method for connecting chimneys using condensate. In this case, the inner pipe of the upper sandwich is inserted into the socket of the lower sandwich. As can be seen from the figure, the resulting moisture cannot get inside the chimney. But smoke, finding the slightest crack, can enter the area where a person is located.

The figure on the right shows the “smoke” connection method, in which the inner pipe of the lower sandwich fits into the socket of the inner pipe of the upper module. The smoke, rising up the pipe, does not encounter resistance, freely passes through the junction, and under the influence of draft is removed from the bathhouse to the outside. However, condensation, if the joints are sealed carelessly, can get inside the sandwich. This circumstance will significantly disrupt the protective properties of the insulation and accelerate the failure of the entire sandwich.

So which method should you choose? We must keep in mind that carbon monoxide can harm our health, and condensation can only harm the durability of the chimney. What is more important is up to us to decide! In any case, sealing joints and cracks must be carried out with special care. If this is done, then the “condensate” connection method is preferable, since our health will not be affected, and the chimney will serve for a long time.

The procedure for assembling a vertical sandwich chimney

Preparatory work

Before you begin installation, you should prepare all the elements: pipes, adapters, bends, etc. It is necessary to remove the protective film, remove all stickers and labels, and, if necessary, wipe off oil and grease stains with a rag.

The next step should be to determine and mark the vertical axis of the chimney, starting from the outlet pipe of the sauna stove and ending with the passage through the roof. The location of this axis should ensure the creation of openings both in the ceiling and in the roof, taking into account the required dimensions for their thermal insulation. In this case, wooden floor beams and rafters should not pass the cutting plane. To exclude this possibility, it is necessary to arrange them already at the design or construction stage of the bathhouse, taking into account the location of the wood-burning stove.

Sandwich chimney assembly procedure

Assembly should begin directly from the stove socket in the upward direction. First of all, you should calculate the first connecting element of the chimney in such a way that the joining of the first sandwich pipe with the subsequent pipe is above the ceiling cutting plane. The ideal option is its symmetrical arrangement. In any case, the docking points must be accessible to visual control.

The assembly will be carried out using the “condensate” method, in which the inner pipe of the upper sandwich will be inserted into the socket of the inner pipe of the lower (previous) sandwich. Lightly strike the top tube with a wooden mallet to achieve a tight fit. The upper outer pipe, on the contrary, is fitted with a socket onto the lower pipe.

The gaps between the connected elements are sealed with heat-resistant sealant for stoves and chimneys, designed for temperatures of at least 1000 ˚C. The sealant is applied in the following order:

• for the inner pipes of the sandwich - on the outer surface of the inner pipe of the upper sandwich;
• for external sandwich pipes - along the outer surface;
• in connections of a single-wall pipe and other single-wall modules, as well as in transitions from a single-wall to a double-wall pipe - from the outside around the circumference.

The chimney above the attic floor is assembled only using sandwich pipes, leading it through the roof to the required height.

Docking connections are additionally fastened as follows:

• connecting sandwich pipes to each other using crimp clamps;
• connecting the sandwich pipe with other modular elements (adapters, tees, bends...) - crimp clamps on both sides.

To reduce the load from the weight of the entire structure on the lower elements of the chimney, supporting wall brackets should be installed every 1.5-2.0 meters. But in our example they will not be needed, since their role will be played by the nodes of passage through the ceiling in the steam room and the roof.

An example of a vertical sandwich chimney for a Russian bath

Below are images of a chimney in a Russian log bathhouse. For clarity, a wood-burning stove from the Finnish manufacturer of bath equipment and accessories “Harvia” is shown. The stove is serviced outside the steam room, for example, in the dressing room, and to obtain hot water, a stainless steel tank is installed on the pipe. To adjust the draft, a rotary gate is mounted above the tank.

Chimney passage through a wooden interfloor ceiling

The main element is a ceiling-passage unit (CPU), which has an air gap between the steel casing and the mineralite thermal insulator. This design allows you to reduce the size of the ceiling section without losing insulation properties.

This sketch shows the design of polyurethane foam, as well as the order of laying thermal insulation in the passage through the ceiling.

Heat-resistant basalt wool is placed in the gap between the pipe and the inner wall of the polyurethane foam, and an air space remains between its outer surface and the mineralite, which is an additional natural heat insulator.

Basalt wool is also laid along the outer contour of the polyurethane foam, which in turn is adjacent to the basalt cardboard. Cardboard additionally insulates wooden floor elements from heat.

On the side of the steam room, the polyurethane foam is covered with a steel box-shaped casing with a hole for a sandwich, and in the attic with sheet mineralite. The entire cutting in the attic is first covered with a sheet flange, and then with a steel casing, which is secured to it with metal screws.

Chimney passage through a roof with a roof made of combustible materials

The roof cutting diagram is shown in the previous sketch.

The main work on cutting the roof is as follows:

• Marking and cutting the roof, ensuring that there is a gap of at least 130 mm from the outer surface of the chimney to the edge of the opening. This is necessary to ensure fire safety.
• A steel roof sheet with an oval hole is placed on the next sandwich, the upper part of the sandwich is inserted into the opening, and the lower part is connected to the previously assembled chimney. We remember that the docking connection should not be in the plane of the opening.
• On top of the roof, a lead base with an angle of 30˚ (or in other words, an angular roof cut) is placed on the sandwich. The lead base allows it to be tapped tightly to the roof surface.
• From the attic side, the cut opening is first sealed with basalt cardboard, and then with heat-resistant basalt wool, and all this is closed with a roofing sheet using wood screws.
• To ensure sufficient weather sealing, a rubber-based bitumen roofing sealant, such as Casco Roofseal or similar, is applied along the entire lead base contour. The same must be done from the attic side.

Some types of components for double-walled sandwich chimneys

The main components used when installing the above chimney:

Checking the quality of the chimney assembly

When the chimney is completely assembled and checked for defects or defects, you should test fire the stove with a small amount of dry firewood. Immediately after lighting, you should check the entire length of the chimney, paying special attention to the joints.

Initially, slight smoke may appear in the bathhouse premises due to the combustion of oil contaminants on the outer surface of the chimney. This one is okay. There is no need to worry about this.

If the results of the first chimney check are positive, the stove should be heated at full power for another two to three hours. This is enough to reveal newly discovered deficiencies. Special attention is needed

During operation of the chimney, a tarnished color may appear on the pipes. This is a normal reaction of steel when heated to a high temperature.

If smoke from the furnace firebox enters the steam room, this most likely indicates insufficient draft in the chimney. To increase traction, you will have to increase the pipe by another 0.5-1.0 meters.

Conclusion

I’m writing this article and I find myself thinking that I just can’t stop. After all, it turned out to be quite large, which will inevitably take a lot of time from those readers who are interested in the topic of assembling a chimney in their own bathhouse. And all this is due to the fact that I pursue the goal of presenting the information you need as completely as possible.

Perhaps we should limit ourselves to general phrases, as is done on many websites about bathing. After all, most of these articles are pure plagiarism in the form of semantic processing of materials that have been published for a long time. It is practically impossible to find out where the original is. And it often happens that you read an article, but don’t really learn anything useful for yourself.

How do I do it? Only you, dear reader, can answer this question. Any comments you leave will only help me correct the mistakes made and continue to convey information in a form convenient for you.

Thanks in advance, and enjoy your bath!

And in addition, a video clip about the design and selection of sandwiches for the chimney: