A real battle broke out between the developer and the public, with both city and regional authorities serving as judges. Each one “pulled the blanket over himself,” each one promised to settle everything, to solve everything. Various kinds of officials came, talked with the developer, experts came and also talked with the developer, there were many desk conversations and discussions, there were many press conferences, etc. And while some were proving to others that this extension was an integral part of the facade of this building, that this extension was also a monument of architecture and history, while they beat their fists on their chests... The extension was destroyed to the ground. And silence... Some fell silent, others fell silent, the public also fell silent, because there was nothing to fight for. Everything was quiet, everything was quiet. Now on the site of this extension there is a huge pit for the foundation of a new building. According to the project that the developer showed us, a one-story garage will be built there for personal needs, and according to rumors and supposedly other projects, a 10-story residential building or office building will be built. Both have rights to exist, because our government simply cannot or does not want to control all those issues that are somehow related to the development of our city. Hence the rapidly growing number of new glass boxes in the city center.
Yes, Eleanor Prey’s house seems to be an architectural and historical monument (you can correct me if I’m wrong here), but the presence of this status did not save it from the hands of malicious businessmen. And look at other historical buildings?! The Central shopping center with its glass superstructure, the Aleutsky shopping center with the same superstructure, buildings on Arbat... All of them are undergoing “restructuring, alteration”, and this, as far as I know, is prohibited!!! It is prohibited if the building is an architectural or historical monument of federal or regional significance. However, no one is looking at this. The same conditioner sticking out like a pimple on a teenager's face is a violation. It is forbidden! Taboo! It’s good that something has already become clearer with advertising on the facades!
And here is the long and wide Svetlanskaya Street. On both sides of which stand “combed” giants, beautiful buildings, the face of the city, the face of the historical center of Vladivostok. Yes, they look after them, keep an eye on them, try to touch them up periodically, and all because they are in full view of everyone. Foreigners walk past them and take pictures! It is not appropriate for the authorities to show the city as dirty - it needs to be beautiful and well-groomed. However, once you go behind these houses, their true appearance will immediately appear before your eyes. Dirt, graffiti, garbage, and simply falling apart before our eyes, the history of the city of Vladivostok. Take the same Pochtovy Lane, or the old Millionka, take the gateways of Arbat... What are the authorities trying to achieve?! Complete destruction of the house, so that another place for the construction of a high-rise business center could be sold at a profit?! Unclear. And where does the department (I don’t remember the full name) look, which is responsible for the protection of architectural (historical) monuments of Vladivostok and the Primorsky Territory?!
This post will be the first, a test one so to speak. I came across a list of buildings that are architectural (historical) monuments. Yes, there are quite a lot of objects and they all need good supervision, or just good restoration. Many of these houses are living their last days, some are well restored. I will touch on those buildings that have not been touched by the hand of the state protection of architectural (historical) monuments. After each such “raid”, I will write a letter requesting an inspection to identify violations on the part of the residents and tenants of the premises of this house. And violations can be different: from changing the shape of window spans to erecting illegal extensions - it’s simple. Let's see what comes of this... or what doesn't...

Sollogub's house.

Sollogub's house became the first object in my field of vision. I don't know why I remembered him. I do not remember. At the beginning of this year, I already photographed this house, but I never shared the photos with anyone. Either they are somewhere in the home archives, or they were simply deleted. The photographs of those captured the moment of “construction” of the extension to this house. “Wait! What extension?! This is an architectural monument, what are you talking about?!” - I thought. I thought about it and took a few shots. Then I simply forgot. I remembered yesterday. I remember it quite well.
On December 24th of this year I again took a walk around this wonderful house. The extension has already been built and painted very beautifully - as if it should be there. But I discovered another one, made entirely of siding, and 2 stories high! I found two more from siding on the other side of the house. It looks just terrible.

Let me start with a little historical background.

The Sollogub House (Pushkinskaya St., 7) was built in the early 1880s. This was one of the first stone houses in Vladivostok, which, by the way, was built according to his own “sketches” by none other than Nikolai Varlamovich Sollogub, who was the founder and later the first editor of the first newspaper of the city “Vladivostok”. He built the house for his wife Adrushchenko Sonya. The newspaper itself was published on April 17, 1883.

By the way, the first and last major renovation of the house was carried out in 1956-1966!!! Water, central heating were supplied to the building, and a sewerage system was installed. Since then, the house has simply been forgotten. True, in 2004 the Vladivostok newspaper installed a memorial plaque in honor of Nikolai Varlamovich Sollogub. And that's all... Nothing more...

The house received the status of an architectural monument in 1987. And in 1989, the city authorities decided to create a museum of photography and old life of Vladivostok within its walls, but instead of the “Museum” sign, there is another one - a notary.

I never found any specific information on the construction and history of this house. I think next time I’ll also involve the city archive in this matter.

During the construction of the Golden Bridge, many did not think that this house would survive. In such cases, the authorities simply do not care about the history of their own city. We need to build a bridge in this place - we will demolish everything, move it, destroy it, but there will be a bridge. This house was lucky - it survived.

But on the right you can see that same extension. You can compare the photos. The old photograph and this one, there is no extension on the old one.

Those. they just expanded your space. I don’t know who gave permission for this and under what conditions, but the builders did their best. It looks like the same old brick was used when laying it. You can't really tell it's new.

Here, in fact, you can see what happened. We made ourselves a small corridor, a hallway.

Here is another ugliness of the house - the siding covering. There’s not even anything to say... Air conditioning is also not allowed, but the climate in the city is harsh, you need to heat yourself by any means.

The narrow inner courtyard of the house does not look very presentable. Due to the lack of light, dampness and fungus forms on the walls, destroying the brick.

But this extension, on the right, is very similar to a heating unit, judging by the pipes that “enter” it.

Part of the territory is fenced with such a neat but high fence. For the sake of safety or from prying prying eyes?!

The balconies remained the same, but on the right, where the siding extension is, there is no longer a balcony. It is clearly visible in the old photograph. A large beautiful balcony - why not save or restore?!

There were no stairs or an extension before.

Instead of windows on the first floor, there were four large arches. Above is that same large balcony. If you look closely, you can see all this by the color of the brick.

The two horses located on both sides of the entrance door were also changed.

Many windows were simply bricked up.

The condition of the attic remains a mystery to me. Didn't even try to find access to it.

Front door. The residents(?) painted it red. I wonder what color it was originally?! Maybe red too?!

A horseshoe hangs above the door for good luck. The house survived the construction of the bridge - this is luck.

The entrance turned out to be very small and narrow. High ceilings, wooden floors, stone steps, wrought iron railings - everything is as usual.

But the shape of the stairs pleasantly surprised me. Each subsequent step, if you go from top to bottom, seems to protrude forward. It looks very nice. I just want to walk along it. I took a walk. The second floor turned out to be very small, it’s a pity that I didn’t take my fisheye with me. I simply wouldn't be able to take anything off there with my width. There are also two apartments on the floor.

But the floor between and on the second floors is covered with very beautiful tiles. I don’t know what year it is, or whose production it is, but it looks just awesome!!!

With this I finished my “raid” on Sollogub’s house. Even with the naked eye it is clear that it needs major repairs and further restoration. What to do with the new extensions is not for me to decide. I don’t really know the laws, but the building is an architectural monument - any change to the facade is a violation of the law. Fortunately, at least the extension was done well, but I would get rid of the siding.

P.S.:
As I find old photographs of houses, I will attach them to posts.

The ensemble of the city estate did not take shape at this place simultaneously.

In 1756, a small house with a rusticated ground floor and corner pilasters was built along the line owned by I. I. Vorontsov-Velyaminov. This house forms the central part of the currently existing main building of the estate.

Dolgorukovs

In the 1770s, ownership passed to Dolgorukov, under whom the estate was expanded to , and two symmetrical service buildings with round corner rooms were erected along its line and side borders.

Blode-Kolychevs

At the turn of the 18th-19th centuries, the main house of the estate was expanded and received a strict classical treatment of the facades. Since the second half of the 19th century, the estate was owned by the baronial family of Bode-Kolychevs.

In the mid-1850s, the widow of A. S. Griboedov, N. A. Chavchavadze, and her sister, the ruler of Megrelia, E. A. Chavchavadze, lived in the baron’s house.

Under M. L. Bode-Kolychev, the estate courtyard received a modern closed composition.

In 1859, a house church in the pseudo-Russian style in the name of St. Philip was added to the eastern end of the main house. In this church in 1866, I. S. Aksakov married A. F. Tyutcheva.

During the period from 1852 to 1860, a two-story courtyard outbuilding, a semicircular two-story gallery-passage between the main house, the church and the new outbuilding were added to the main house, the old blacksmith shop with adjacent buildings was demolished, and a new stone fence was erected on the side of Bolshaya Nikitskaya Street.

According to contemporaries, the Bode-Kolychev estate was a “museum of medieval attractions,” among which the art gallery and collection of weapons were of particular value.

Sollogub estate

After the death of M. L. Bode-Kolychev, the estate was inherited by his daughter Natalya Mikhailovna, who was married to the artist F. L. Sollogub, and therefore the property is often called “Sollogub’s estate.” The Sollogubs owned the estate until the October Revolution.

At this time, the front courtyard received its final symmetrical composition, which included newly built decorative walls between the main house and the wings, a terrace at the semicircular passage between the central building and the eastern wing, and a four-column portico of the eastern wing, corresponding to the side porticoes of the main house.

"House of Rostov"

There is an opinion that the estate served as the prototype of the Rostov estate in L.N. Tolstoy’s novel “War and Peace”; the property is even mentioned in literature as the “Rostov house”.

The tradition that the estate is the prototype of the Rostov estate is so strong that in Soviet times a corresponding memorial plaque was installed on the front wall of the main house.

However, this literary legend is refuted by some researchers and scientists.

After the revolution

Cheka

After the revolution, the Cheka was located in the Sollogub estate, but the buildings of the estate turned out to be inconvenient, and at the end of March 1918 the Commission moved to. Later, A. V. Lunacharsky lived in the estate with his family; the Literary Commission of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, the Committee on Nationalities Affairs and a number of other institutions were located.

Palace of Arts

In 1920, the “Palace of Arts” opened here, in which A. A. Blok, S. A. Yesenin, B. L. Pasternak, A. N. Tolstoy, I. G. Erenburg, M. I. Tsvetaeva and others performed. writers. In 1921, the Higher Literary and Art Institute began work in the estate, the founder and rector of which was the poet V. Ya. Bryusov. Among the graduates of the institute are poets M. A. Svetlov, E. A. Blaginina, writers Artyom Vesely, S. P. Zlobin and others. In 1925, VLHI was transferred to Leningrad and was soon closed.

In 1922–1923, the buildings of the former Sollogubov estate also housed the Museum of Painting Culture. During the NEP years, the house was owned by private individuals who rented out apartments to residents. In 1932, the Union of Writers of the USSR was located in the estate, which at different times was headed by Maxim Gorky, Alexander Fadeev, Konstantin Fedin and other famous writers. In 1933, the estate was nationalized. In 1940, a farewell ceremony was held at the estate for the writer M.A. Bulgakov.

Monument to L.N. Tolstoy

In 1956, in the middle of the front yard of the estate, a monument to L.N. Tolstoy was erected, made by sculptor G.N. Novokreshchenova and architect V.N. Vasnetsov. The monument to L.N. Tolstoy is a gift from Ukrainian writers to Russian writers to commemorate the 300th anniversary of the reunification of Ukraine with Russia. In the 1950s, some buildings of the estate continued to remain residential: for example, the aspiring poet Robert Rozhdestvensky lived in the basement of the house at that time.

In 1960, the estate was classified as an architectural monument of national importance. In the 2000s, as a result of repeated transactions, the estate lost its owner in the person of the International Union of Public Associations “International Community of Writers' Unions” (ISPU). According to the claim of the MSPS and the Committee for Cultural Heritage of the City of Moscow, the Community of Writers' Unions was recognized as the owner of the building and undertook to restore the entire historical complex of the architectural monument in full.

Currently

Currently, in addition to writers' organizations, the buildings of the estate house the editorial office of the magazine "Friendship of Peoples", as well as several restaurants.

The main house of the Dolgorukov-Sollogubov city estate, the church, the service building, the fence with a gate and the territory of the front yard are objects of cultural heritage of federal significance.

I lived nearby and therefore often walked along this street, which in those days was called Vorovsky Street. Sometimes I attended popular meetings at that time in the House of Writers and the House of Architects. But somehow I didn’t really think about the history of the aristocratic mansions located on this street. But now it’s the turn to find out more about long-known and favorite places in Moscow.
So, Povarskaya is an aristocratic street. Probably, here there should be a real princely estate with wide gates, a large courtyard, and in the depths, of course, there should be a house with a mezzanine and columns. Well, this is exactly house number 52 on Povarskaya.

1. The ensemble of the estate in its modern form was formed gradually. First, in 1756, a small house was built on Bolshaya Nikitskaya in the possession of I.I. Vorontsova-Velyaminov. This house formed the central part of the estate. Then the Dolgorukov princes bought the house. In the 1770s, the house was expanded to Povarskaya with two symmetrical service buildings. A mezzanine was built over the house, and both facades, facing different streets, acquired Corinthian porticoes. On the side of Bolshaya Nikitskaya there is the same Corinthian portico as on the side of Povarskaya, but with columns half recessed into the wall of the building.

Bolshaya Nikitskaya, house No. 55

2. In the middle of the 19th century, the estate was bought by a native of the Bode baronial family, Mikhail Bode-Kolychev. The Baron family of Bode came from Alsace. During the French Revolution, their possessions were confiscated, and all family papers were destroyed. They came to Russia under Catherine II and swore allegiance to Russian citizenship. Mikhail was born into the family of Baron Lev Karlovich Bode and Natalya Fedorovna Kolycheva (1790-1860), the last representative of the boyar family of Kolychevs.

Portraits of Natalia Feodorovna (née Kolycheva) and Lev Karlovich Bode

3. In 1839-1843, Mikhail Bode studied in the Corps of Pages, after which he served in the court department. In 1853-1856, he participated in the Crimean War as part of the Moscow militia. At the end of the war, he settled in Moscow in a mansion on the corner of Povarskaya and Nikitskaya streets, and entered the service of the Moscow Palace Administration with the rank of chamberlain. He was the head of the Armory Chamber in the Kremlin, and in 1875-1883 he was vice-president of the Committee for the Construction of the Cathedral of Christ the Savior in Moscow. In 1864-1869 he was an honorary member of the Society of Lovers of Spiritual Enlightenment. Since by the second half of the 19th century there were no male representatives left in the Kolychev family, in 1875, with the highest permission of M.L. Bode was allowed to take the coat of arms and be called Baron Bode-Kolychev. In 1883 he received the court rank of chief chamberlain. He wrote the historical work “The Boyar Family of the Kolychevs.”
From the memoirs of Mikhail Andreevich Boratynsky about life in Moscow (House on Ostozhenka. The Boratynskys in Moscow (1850-1860s) / Moscow Journal. M., 2009. No. 10.):
“Baron Mikhail Lvovich himself was amazingly handsome and well-built, although I remember him as an elderly man. He was enormously tall, held his head very high, had a court shave, that is, he wore neither a mustache nor a beard; his hair was blond , soft and combed back. He was very affectionate with us, but strict: if we did something wrong, as expected (sometimes simply out of embarrassment), he managed to position himself in such a way that everyone bowed before him. He had home church in honor of St. Philip, the metropolitan, whom he considered his ancestor through his mother, born Kolycheva. Mikhail Lvovich loved music, he himself had a very pleasant thick tenor, played a little cello..."

On the left is the coat of arms of the Bode-Kolychevs. On the right is Mikhail Lvovich Bode-Kolychev. Drawing by T. Wright, 1843

4. With M.L. Bode-Kolychev, the front yard of the estate received the final symmetrical composition. In 1859, a house church in the pseudo-Russian style in the name of St. Philip was added to the eastern end of the main house. In this church in 1866 I.S. got married. Aksakov with A.F. Tyutcheva. In the mid-1850s, the widow of A.S. lived in the baron’s house. Griboyedova - N.A. Chavchavadze, and her sister, the ruler of Megrelia - E.A. Chavchavadze. During the period from 1852 to 1860, a two-story courtyard wing, a semicircular two-story gallery-passage between the main house, the church and a new wing were added to the main house. According to contemporaries, the Bode-Kolychev estate was a real museum with an art gallery and a collection of weapons.

The front gate of the estate

5. On the pediment of the main building of the estate is the coat of arms of the baronial family of Bode-Kolychevs: two lions holding a shield, above the shield there is a baronial crown and three noble helmets. Under the shield is the motto: Deus Honor et Gloria (God, Honor and Glory).

6. Mikhail Lvovich died in 1888. After his death, the estate was inherited by his daughter Natalya Mikhailovna. She was married to the son of neighbors on Povarskaya - Count Fedor Lvovich Sollogub. His mother was Maria Feodorovna Samarina. And the Samarins’ family domain was to the left of the Church of Boris and Gleb on Povarskaya, house no. 38.
Count Fyodor Lvovich Sollogub (1848-1890) - Russian artist who worked mainly in the theater. He also acted as an actor and amateur poet, and was a teacher at Moscow drama schools. Sollogub wrote drawings and watercolors mainly on historical subjects, and was known as an illustrator. He inherited from his father and grandfather a collection of valuable paintings and iconography. Fyodor Sollogub was well acquainted with Leo Tolstoy.

Monument to L.N. Tolstoy. View of the western wing

7. Fyodor Sollogub and his wife Natalya were friends of V.S. Solovyov. When the couple lived in the Demidovs’ house on Bolshoi Tolmachevsky, 3 (now the Scientific Pedagogical Library named after K. D. Ushinsky), Solovyov visited them more than once. From the memoirs of a relative Sollogub M.F. Mansurova (nee Samarina): “He was a man at that time about thirty-five, very gifted, an amateur poet and artist, with great humor and great charm. He was close to the galaxy of Fet, A. Tolstoy and Apukhtin. In his family life he was not happy and no longer lived at home. His mother, Countess Marya Fedorovna Sollogub (born Samarina) was a cousin of Trubetskoy’s grandmother, and therefore Fedya Sollogub visited the Trubetskoys as a relative and was on friendly terms with everyone. His talent, combined with Trubetskoy’s talent gave shine.”

View of the eastern wing

8. Countess Natalya Mikhailovna died in 1916, and the house passed to her eldest daughter, Countess Elena Feodorovna Sollogub. Thus, the Sollogubs owned the estate until the October Revolution. By this time, the front courtyard had received its final symmetrical composition, which included newly built decorative walls between the main house and the wings, a terrace at the semicircular passage between the central building and the eastern wing, and a four-column portico of the eastern wing. The main house with a classic six-column portico formed a wide covered gallery. Porticoes decorated the courtyard wings and service buildings attached to the main house.

View of the main entrance to the estate

9. Columns of the main portico - Corinthian order. Their characteristic feature is a bell-shaped capital, richly decorated with stylized leaves.

12. To the left and right of the main house there are two more porticoes, emphasizing the symmetrical composition of the facade. Four columns are spaced to the sides and reveal a three-part composition with an arched niche. In the 19th century, the entire space between the columns was entirely glazed and resembled a veranda or winter garden. The changes that appeared were apparently associated with the addition of the house temple just on this side of the house.

View of the eastern wing, behind it was the church.

14. Eastern wing with columns.

16. After the revolution, the owners of the estate often changed, and its fate was very stormy. At first, the Cheka was located here, later A.V. Lunacharsky lived with his family in the estate, the Literary Commission of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, the Committee on Nationalities Affairs and a number of other institutions were located. In 1920, the “Palace of Arts” opened here, in which A.A. performed. Block, S.A. Yesenin, B.L. Pasternak, A.N. Tolstoy, I.G. Ehrenburg, M.I. Tsvetaeva and other writers. In 1922-1923, the Museum of Painting Culture was located in the buildings of the former Sollogubov estate. During the NEP years, the house was owned by private individuals who rented out apartments to residents. In 1930 they said goodbye to Mayakovsky here. In 1932, the USSR Writers' Union was located in the estate. In 1933, the mansion was nationalized. In 1940, a farewell ceremony was held at the estate for the writer M.A. Bulgakov.

17. Now this house houses various writers' organizations, as well as the editorial office of the magazine "Friendship of Peoples", and also a restaurant.

18. The main house of the Sollogubov city estate, the church, the service building, the fence with a gate and the territory of the front yard are objects of cultural heritage of federal significance.

20. There is an opinion that the estate served as the prototype of the Rostov estate in the novel by L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace". In this regard, in Soviet times, a corresponding memorial plaque was installed on the front wall of the main house. Currently, this literary legend is being refuted by some researchers and scientists, but the board continues to support the legend.
This house is still connected with Leo Tolstoy by many family ties. The elder sister of Natalya Mikhailovna Bode-Kolycheva, Maria Mikhailovna, was the first wife of Mikhail Sergeevich Sukhotin, who, after her death in 1897, married Tolstoy’s eldest daughter, Tatyana Lvovna. They had Tolstoy's beloved granddaughter Tatyana, married to Albertini. From Bode’s first wife to M.S. Sukhotin had 5 children - 4 sons and a daughter. His daughter Natalya Mikhailovna became the second wife of Prince Nikolai Leonidovich Obolensky, whose first marriage was to the middle daughter of L.N. Tolstoy - Marya Lvovna. But after her death, he married the stepdaughter of his wife’s sister. They had 2 sons and 2 daughters. Son M.S. Sukhotin - Sergei, was the first husband of L.N.’s granddaughter. Tolstoy - Countess Sofia Andreevna Tolstoy, the one whose second marriage was to Sergei Yesenin, i.e. his last wife. You won’t be able to figure all this out right away, but it’s clear that there were family ties.

21. In 1956, a monument to L.N. was erected in the middle of the front yard of the estate. Tolstoy, made by sculptor G.N. Novokreshchenova and architect V.N. Vasnetsov.

22. The monument to L.N. Tolstoy was a gift from Ukrainian writers to Russian writers to commemorate the 300th anniversary of the reunification of Ukraine with Russia.

A lot of old photographs of the estate and its interiors in an interesting story

Streets in the possession of I.I. Vorontsov-Velyaminov built a small house with a rusticated ground floor. Guide to Architectural Styles

Now this is the central part of the estate. In the 1770s, ownership passed to Dolgorukov. They expanded the estate to Povarskaya Street, added a mezzanine to the main house, and built 2 symmetrical service buildings with round corner rooms along the side borders.

In 1812, the French lived in the house, and the fire spared it. Under the next owner, Baron M.L. Bode-Kolychev, the estate’s courtyard received a closed composition. According to contemporaries, it became a “museum of medieval attractions,” among which the art gallery and collection of weapons were of greatest value.

After M.L. Bode-Kolychev's building was inherited by his daughter. She was married to the artist F.L. Sologub. The estate remained in their hands until the October Revolution.

This house was well known to Leo Tolstoy. Therefore, it is believed that the Sologub estate became the prototype of the Rostov house in the novel War and Peace.

In Soviet times, a memorial plaque was even hung on the facade of the building, and in 1956, a monument to Leo Tolstoy by G.N. was erected in the courtyard. Novokreshchenova and V.N. Vasnetsova. But researchers have found that the House of Rostov has a different prototype.

After the revolution, the Cheka was located in the Sologub estate. The building turned out to be inconvenient, and at the end of March 1918 the Commission moved to Bolshaya Lubyanka.

Later A.V. lived in the estate. Lunacharsky and his family, housed the Literary Commission of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, the Committee on Nationalities and other institutions. During the NEP years, apartments in Sologub's house were rented out. And in 1940, farewell to the writer M.A. took place here. Bulgakov.

They say that......Sologub was a Freemason, so within the walls of his estate there are secret passages and a walled-up room with treasures guarded by the ghosts of the former owners. Residents claimed that they saw two black rooms with white stars on the ceiling. And the poet Rukavishnikov discovered that the building has 2 more windows on the outside than on the inside. This is how they found a walled up room where the Sologubs hid family heirlooms before emigrating.

I lived nearby and therefore often walked along this street, which in those days was called Vorovsky Street. Sometimes I attended popular meetings at that time in the House of Writers and the House of Architects. But somehow I didn’t really think about the history of the aristocratic mansions located on this street. But now it’s the turn to find out more about long-known and favorite places in Moscow.
So, Povarskaya is an aristocratic street. Probably, here there should be a real princely estate with wide gates, a large courtyard, and in the depths, of course, there should be a house with a mezzanine and columns. Well, this is exactly house number 52 on Povarskaya.

1. The ensemble of the estate in its modern form was formed gradually. First, in 1756, a small house was built on Bolshaya Nikitskaya in the possession of I.I. Vorontsova-Velyaminov. This house formed the central part of the estate. Then the Dolgorukov princes bought the house. In the 1770s, the house was expanded to Povarskaya with two symmetrical service buildings. A mezzanine was built over the house, and both facades, facing different streets, acquired Corinthian porticoes. On the side of Bolshaya Nikitskaya there is the same Corinthian portico as on the side of Povarskaya, but with columns half recessed into the wall of the building.

Bolshaya Nikitskaya, house No. 55

2. In the middle of the 19th century, the estate was bought by a native of the Bode baronial family, Mikhail Bode-Kolychev. The Baron family of Bode came from Alsace. During the French Revolution, their possessions were confiscated, and all family papers were destroyed. They came to Russia under Catherine II and swore allegiance to Russian citizenship. Mikhail was born into the family of Baron Lev Karlovich Bode and Natalya Fedorovna Kolycheva (1790-1860), the last representative of the boyar family of Kolychevs.

Portraits of Natalia Feodorovna (née Kolycheva) and Lev Karlovich Bode

3. In 1839-1843, Mikhail Bode studied in the Corps of Pages, after which he served in the court department. In 1853-1856, he participated in the Crimean War as part of the Moscow militia. At the end of the war, he settled in Moscow in a mansion on the corner of Povarskaya and Nikitskaya streets, and entered the service of the Moscow Palace Administration with the rank of chamberlain. He was the head of the Armory Chamber in the Kremlin, and in 1875-1883 he was vice-president of the Committee for the Construction of the Cathedral of Christ the Savior in Moscow. In 1864-1869 he was an honorary member of the Society of Lovers of Spiritual Enlightenment. Since by the second half of the 19th century there were no male representatives left in the Kolychev family, in 1875, with the highest permission of M.L. Bode was allowed to take the coat of arms and be called Baron Bode-Kolychev. In 1883 he received the court rank of chief chamberlain. He wrote the historical work “The Boyar Family of the Kolychevs.”
From the memoirs of Mikhail Andreevich Boratynsky about life in Moscow (House on Ostozhenka. The Boratynskys in Moscow (1850-1860s) / Moscow Journal. M., 2009. No. 10.):
“Baron Mikhail Lvovich himself was amazingly handsome and well-built, although I remember him as an elderly man. He was enormously tall, held his head very high, had a court shave, that is, he wore neither a mustache nor a beard; his hair was blond , soft and combed back. He was very affectionate with us, but strict: if we did something wrong, as expected (sometimes simply out of embarrassment), he managed to position himself in such a way that everyone bowed before him. He had home church in honor of St. Philip, the metropolitan, whom he considered his ancestor through his mother, born Kolycheva. Mikhail Lvovich loved music, he himself had a very pleasant thick tenor, played a little cello..."

On the left is the coat of arms of the Bode-Kolychevs. On the right is Mikhail Lvovich Bode-Kolychev. Drawing by T. Wright, 1843

4. With M.L. Bode-Kolychev, the front yard of the estate received the final symmetrical composition. In 1859, a house church in the pseudo-Russian style in the name of St. Philip was added to the eastern end of the main house. In this church in 1866 I.S. got married. Aksakov with A.F. Tyutcheva. In the mid-1850s, the widow of A.S. lived in the baron’s house. Griboyedova - N.A. Chavchavadze, and her sister, the ruler of Megrelia - E.A. Chavchavadze. During the period from 1852 to 1860, a two-story courtyard wing, a semicircular two-story gallery-passage between the main house, the church and a new wing were added to the main house. According to contemporaries, the Bode-Kolychev estate was a real museum with an art gallery and a collection of weapons.

The front gate of the estate

5. On the pediment of the main building of the estate is the coat of arms of the baronial family of Bode-Kolychevs: two lions holding a shield, above the shield there is a baronial crown and three noble helmets. Under the shield is the motto: Deus Honor et Gloria (God, Honor and Glory).

6. Mikhail Lvovich died in 1888. After his death, the estate was inherited by his daughter Natalya Mikhailovna. She was married to the son of neighbors on Povarskaya - Count Fedor Lvovich Sollogub. His mother was Maria Feodorovna Samarina. And the Samarins’ family domain was to the left of the Church of Boris and Gleb on Povarskaya, house no. 38.
Count Fyodor Lvovich Sollogub (1848-1890) - Russian artist who worked mainly in the theater. He also acted as an actor and amateur poet, and was a teacher at Moscow drama schools. Sollogub wrote drawings and watercolors mainly on historical subjects, and was known as an illustrator. He inherited from his father and grandfather a collection of valuable paintings and iconography. Fyodor Sollogub was well acquainted with Leo Tolstoy.

Monument to L.N. Tolstoy. View of the western wing

7. Fyodor Sollogub and his wife Natalya were friends of V.S. Solovyov. When the couple lived in the Demidovs’ house on Bolshoi Tolmachevsky, 3 (now the Scientific Pedagogical Library named after K. D. Ushinsky), Solovyov visited them more than once. From the memoirs of a relative Sollogub M.F. Mansurova (nee Samarina): “He was a man at that time about thirty-five, very gifted, an amateur poet and artist, with great humor and great charm. He was close to the galaxy of Fet, A. Tolstoy and Apukhtin. In his family life he was not happy and no longer lived at home. His mother, Countess Marya Fedorovna Sollogub (born Samarina) was a cousin of Trubetskoy’s grandmother, and therefore Fedya Sollogub visited the Trubetskoys as a relative and was on friendly terms with everyone. His talent, combined with Trubetskoy’s talent gave shine.”

View of the eastern wing

8. Countess Natalya Mikhailovna died in 1916, and the house passed to her eldest daughter, Countess Elena Feodorovna Sollogub. Thus, the Sollogubs owned the estate until the October Revolution. By this time, the front courtyard had received its final symmetrical composition, which included newly built decorative walls between the main house and the wings, a terrace at the semicircular passage between the central building and the eastern wing, and a four-column portico of the eastern wing. The main house with a classic six-column portico formed a wide covered gallery. Porticoes decorated the courtyard wings and service buildings attached to the main house.

View of the main entrance to the estate

9. Columns of the main portico - Corinthian order. Their characteristic feature is a bell-shaped capital, richly decorated with stylized leaves.

12. To the left and right of the main house there are two more porticoes, emphasizing the symmetrical composition of the facade. Four columns are spaced to the sides and reveal a three-part composition with an arched niche. In the 19th century, the entire space between the columns was entirely glazed and resembled a veranda or winter garden. The changes that appeared were apparently associated with the addition of the house temple just on this side of the house.

View of the eastern wing, behind it was the church.

14. Eastern wing with columns.

16. After the revolution, the owners of the estate often changed, and its fate was very stormy. At first, the Cheka was located here, later A.V. Lunacharsky lived with his family in the estate, the Literary Commission of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, the Committee on Nationalities Affairs and a number of other institutions were located. In 1920, the “Palace of Arts” opened here, in which A.A. performed. Block, S.A. Yesenin, B.L. Pasternak, A.N. Tolstoy, I.G. Ehrenburg, M.I. Tsvetaeva and other writers. In 1922-1923, the Museum of Painting Culture was located in the buildings of the former Sollogubov estate. During the NEP years, the house was owned by private individuals who rented out apartments to residents. In 1930 they said goodbye to Mayakovsky here. In 1932, the USSR Writers' Union was located in the estate. In 1933, the mansion was nationalized. In 1940, a farewell ceremony was held at the estate for the writer M.A. Bulgakov.

17. Now this house houses various writers' organizations, as well as the editorial office of the magazine "Friendship of Peoples", and also a restaurant.

18. The main house of the Sollogubov city estate, the church, the service building, the fence with a gate and the territory of the front yard are objects of cultural heritage of federal significance.

20. There is an opinion that the estate served as the prototype of the Rostov estate in the novel by L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace". In this regard, in Soviet times, a corresponding memorial plaque was installed on the front wall of the main house. Currently, this literary legend is being refuted by some researchers and scientists, but the board continues to support the legend.
This house is still connected with Leo Tolstoy by many family ties. The elder sister of Natalya Mikhailovna Bode-Kolycheva, Maria Mikhailovna, was the first wife of Mikhail Sergeevich Sukhotin, who, after her death in 1897, married Tolstoy’s eldest daughter, Tatyana Lvovna. They had Tolstoy's beloved granddaughter Tatyana, married to Albertini. From Bode’s first wife to M.S. Sukhotin had 5 children - 4 sons and a daughter. His daughter Natalya Mikhailovna became the second wife of Prince Nikolai Leonidovich Obolensky, whose first marriage was to the middle daughter of L.N. Tolstoy - Marya Lvovna. But after her death, he married the stepdaughter of his wife’s sister. They had 2 sons and 2 daughters. Son M.S. Sukhotin - Sergei, was the first husband of L.N.’s granddaughter. Tolstoy - Countess Sofia Andreevna Tolstoy, the one whose second marriage was to Sergei Yesenin, i.e. his last wife. You won’t be able to figure all this out right away, but it’s clear that there were family ties.

21. In 1956, a monument to L.N. was erected in the middle of the front yard of the estate. Tolstoy, made by sculptor G.N. Novokreshchenova and architect V.N. Vasnetsov.

22. The monument to L.N. Tolstoy was a gift from Ukrainian writers to Russian writers to commemorate the 300th anniversary of the reunification of Ukraine with Russia.

A lot of old photographs of the estate and its interiors in an interesting story