Ventilation with recuperation is equipment designed to treat air to such parameters that a person could feel comfortable and safe. Such parameters are regulated by the norms and lie within the following limits: temperature 23-26 C, humidity 30-60%, air speed 0.1-0.15 m / s.

There is another indicator that is directly related to the safety of a person in closed rooms - this is the presence of oxygen, or more precisely, the percentage of carbon dioxide in the air. Carbon dioxide displaces oxygen and, with 2 to 3% carbon dioxide in the air, can lead to unconsciousness or death.

It is to maintain these four parameters that recuperative ventilation units are used. This is especially true for modern business centers, where the natural flow of fresh air is completely absent. Industrial, administrative, retail, residential, and other premises cannot do without modern ventilation equipment. With today's air pollution, the issue of installing ventilation units with recuperation is most urgent.

It is possible to install additional filters and other devices in ventilation with recuperation, which make it possible to even better purify and process the air to the specified parameters.

All this can be done with Dantex ventilation units.

The principle of operation of the supply and exhaust ventilation system with heat recovery

Thanks to the supply and exhaust ventilation system, clean air is pumped into the room, and the heated exhaust air is discharged outside. Passing through the heat exchanger, the heated air leaves some of the heat to the walls of the structure, as a result of which the cold air coming from the street heats up from the heat exchanger, without spending additional energy for heating. This system is more efficient and less energy consuming than a ventilation system without heat recovery.

The efficiency of the recuperator varies with the outside temperature and can be calculated using the general formula:

S = (T1 - T2): (T3 - T2)
where:

S- efficiency of recuperation;
T1- the temperature of the air entering the room;
T2- outside air temperature;
T3- air temperature in the room.

Types of recuperators

Plate recuperators

This type of heat exchanger consists of a set of thin plates made of aluminum or any other material, preferably with good heat transfer characteristics). This is the most inexpensive and most popular type of device (recuperator). The efficiency of the plate heat exchanger can range from 50% to 90%, and the service life is very long due to the absence of moving parts.

The main disadvantage of such recuperators is the formation of ice due to temperature differences. There are three options for solving this problem:

• Do not use recuperation at extremely low temperatures
• Use models with an automated recuperation process. In this case, cold air bypasses the plates, and warm air warms up the ice. But it is worth considering that the efficiency of such models in cold weather will decrease by 20%.

Rotary recuperators

The heat exchanger has a moving part - a cylindrical rotor (recuperator), which consists of profiled plates. Heat transfer occurs when the rotor rotates. The efficiency is 75 to 90%. In this case, the rotation speed affects the recuperation level. The speed can be adjusted independently.

No ice forms on rotary recuperators, but they are more difficult to maintain, in contrast to plate recuperators.

With intermediate heating agent

In the case of an intermediate heat carrier, as in plate recuperators, there are two channels for clean and exhaust air, but heat exchange takes place through a water-glycol solution or water. The efficiency of such a device is below 50%.

Chamber recuperators

In this form, the air passes through a special chamber (recuperator), in which a movable damper is provided. It is the damper that has the ability to redirect the flow of cold and hot air. Due to this periodic switching of air flows, recuperation takes place. However, in such a system, there is a partial mixing of the outgoing and incoming air flows, which leads to the ingress of foreign odors back into the room, but, in turn, such a structure has a high efficiency - 80%.

Heat pipes

Such a mechanism has many tubes, which are assembled into a single sealed unit, and inside the tubes are filled with a special easily condensable and evaporating substance, most often freon. Warm air, passing through a certain part of the tubes, heats and evaporates it. It moves to the area of ​​the tubes, through which cold air passes and heats it with its heat, while freon cools down and this can lead to the formation of condensation. The advantage of this design is that polluted air does not enter the room. Optimal use of heat pipes is possible in small rooms in climatic zones with a small difference between internal and external temperatures.

Sometimes recuperation is not enough to heat a room at low outside temperatures, so often electric or hot water heaters are used in addition to recuperation. In some models, the heaters have the function of protecting the heat exchanger from icing.

general information

The service life of the equipment for the ventilation unit manufactured by our company is established subject to the observance of the operating rules and the timely replacement of filters and parts with a limited resource. The list of such parts and their resource is indicated in the User's Guide for each specific model.

In order to avoid misunderstandings, we kindly ask you to carefully study the User Manual, pay attention to the conditions for the occurrence of warranty obligations, check the correctness of filling out the warranty card. The warranty card is valid only if there are correctly and clearly indicated: model, serial number of the product, date of sale, clear seals of the seller, the installer, and the buyer's signature. The model and serial number of the product must correspond to those indicated in the warranty card.

Warranty Limitations

In case of violation of these conditions, as well as in the case when the data specified in the warranty card is changed, erased or rewritten, the warranty card is invalidated.

In this case, we recommend that you contact the seller to obtain a new warranty card that meets the above conditions. If the date of sale cannot be established, in accordance with consumer protection legislation, the warranty period starts from the date of manufacture of the product.

The recuperators have a 7-year warranty.

The 7-year warranty applies to equipment operated in accordance with all the operating rules specified in the "ZENIT Equipment Operation Manual". The warranty does not apply to equipment operated in rooms with high humidity (swimming pools, saunas, rooms with a humidity of more than 50% in winter), but the warranty can be maintained if the equipment is equipped with a duct dehumidifier.

Delivery in Moscow and the Moscow region up to 10 km from the Moscow Ring Road

Delivery times are indicated on the card for each product. Shipping costs are paid separately. Delivery is carried out by a transport company.

Delivery to regions

Delivery to the regions is made after 100% payment for the services of the transport company. Shipping cost is not included in the order price.

general information

If you want to know about the terms of delivery and payment, but do not want to read about them, then contact the sales consultant in your city, who will certainly help you.

Prices on the website may differ from retail prices in different regions, this is due to logistics costs. The price for the ordered product is valid within 24 hours from the moment of placing the Order.

Payment by credit card on the website

Payment by credit card on the site is made through the payment system. After placing and paying for the order, our sales consultant will contact you to confirm the Order and clarify the delivery time.

Modern technologies that have come to our country are pushing the population to also use latest developments... Solar panels, room temperature controllers and other smart devices can not only reduce utility bills, but also maintain a comfortable indoor temperature. Of course, a recuperator for a private house cannot be called an innovation, however, the savings in money and heat are obvious.

This unit is a construction similar to a house ventilation system. Their difference lies in the fact that conventional ventilation removes stale air from the room and fills it with fresh. The recuperator performs similar actions, only brings heated warm or cooled air into the house. The air conditioner performs similar functions, however, it requires the presence of electricity and a refrigerant - freon, the heat exchanger does without it. Heating or cooling of the inflow occurs due to the heat exchange of the primary and secondary coolant through the wall separating the air masses.

The main link of the air handling unit with a recuperator is a heat exchanger. The device is equipped with a thermal electric heater or fan, check valves to prevent air movement in the opposite direction, and much more.

The use of such a system makes it possible to recover part of the thermal energy that is usually lost when passing through ventilation ducts... Warm air masses circulate freely in the heat exchanger, come into contact with the cold flow through the dividing wall and give the latter their thermal energy.

The surface-type recuperator is a double-walled heat exchanger. One channel is occupied by the outgoing primary, the other - by the secondary, colder one. The walls have high thermal conductivity and are installed to prevent mixing of air currents of different temperatures. The outgoing air element runs along the box, and the incoming air element runs across it. As a result of the return of heat to cold air, heated air masses enter the house.

The inlet air temperature depends on the outflow temperature. The warmer the outgoing jet, the higher the inlet temperature.

Operating principle

The principle of operation of the recuperator is that it accumulates heat from the removed stream and communicates it with high efficiency to the air supply masses. This allows you not to spend money on and supply a fresh heated air element to the house.

The principle of operation of the system is determined by two principles:

1. Waste or stale air masses are removed from the room, pass through the ceramic reduction chamber and heat it up. At the same time, almost 97% of thermal energy is given off. When the recovery chamber heats up, the heat exchanger automatically switches to the fresh stream inflow mode.
2. The air passes through the ceramic reduction chamber, is heated by the heat stored in it, and is fed into the house. Cooling down of the regenerator serves as a signal for switching on the fan to the extraction mode.

Such a ventilation system by a recuperator allows you to reduce the consumption of gaseous, solid or liquid fuels, which may be necessary for the operation of other devices, and create a comfortable living environment.

Note! Installation of a supply and exhaust air recuperator for a home will save up to 80% of the heat in the room.

The advantages of a thermal power device

A thermal power device of this type has been gaining great popularity lately. There is no need to ventilate the home in summer and winter, thereby releasing precious heat into the street. On a dusty summer day, the device will supply the room with clean atmospheric air, which will first pass through an air cleaning filter.

Also, there is no need to use the mentioned system in manual mode - the automation will do it for you. Cold masses in winter will be heated by the outgoing warm stream, and hot summer days will cool down when the heat is released by a cooler stream.

In addition, the system has the following advantages:

• saving money on heating;
• savings on separate exhaust fans;
• removal of unpleasant heavy odors;
• removal of dust particles;
• ease of operation and installation;
• low cost of use;

• process automation;
• long service life of the system.

Even the periodic use of a heat engineering installation will allow saturating the dwelling with clean atmospheric air masses without losing heat or, conversely, increasing the temperature regime.

High-quality ventilation

Installing a recuperator will keep the house clean along with the inflow of fresh outside air. Tobacco, fireplace or other smoke, carbon dioxide or other unhealthy emissions, harmful or unpleasant odors - all within the power of a rotary recuperator. The work of the system has a beneficial effect on the human body, drying air with high humidity, which is especially important for hypertensive patients, as well as people with atherosclerosis or cardiovascular diseases... In addition, high humidity threatens with other ailments.

Economical heating

By installing a heat recovery unit, you will ensure a stable saving not only of money, but also of the heat in the house. The outgoing warm stream will warm up the cold supply air to a comfortable temperature, which will significantly avoid unnecessary work of heating equipment. The heat engineering system takes care of the heat entering its box, practically preventing it from escaping into the atmosphere. There is also no need to monitor the temperature of the incoming air masses, this will be done by the heat exchanger, supplying them with only a small temperature difference compared to the outgoing flow.

Important! According to experts, the savings in electricity or any type of fuel for heating devices is from 40 to 50%. Of course, you should not neglect the high-quality thermal insulation of the room.

No additional ventilation

Gas stoves, fireplaces, water heaters and weeping plastic windows require additional ventilation or periodic ventilation. Frosty and hot seasons significantly complicate this process: the first threatens to cool the room, the second - dust and hot dry winds with low humidity. If you decide to buy an air recuperator, then ensure high-quality ventilation of the whole house, avoiding unnecessary financial expenses and installation of equipment for additional ventilation.

Quiet and high-quality air purification

The atmospheric supply air in any case brings with it dust particles, dirt elements, diluted exhaust gases from cars, chimneys and industrial enterprises. An air filter installed in the heating device will rid the house of incoming unwanted odors and dust particles. Having passed high-quality cleaning, the atmospheric jet will fill the room with not only fresh, but also clean air. True, the latter will be due to the necessary regular care air filter and other elements of the system.

Note! A dust-clogged or uncleaned filter is a breeding ground for pathogenic bacteria. Cleaning it regularly and replacing it periodically will prevent the owner of the house from contracting respiratory infections.

Utilizers for an apartment or house have a high operating efficiency and low noise level, which fluctuates in the range of 25-35 dB. This is equivalent to the sound produced by the air conditioner.

Recuperator for a private house: types and characteristics

Supply and exhaust recuperators can have different design features... A sales assistant in any specialized store of heating equipment will help you choose the right option.

There are such types of equipment:

• lamellar;
• rotary;
• roof;
• recirculating water.

All of them are designed to create a favorable indoor climate, be it an apartment, a large mansion or a country house.

Related article:

Types and features of devices, additional functions. Calculation of power according to the parameters of the room. Care advice.

Lamellar

It is the most common type due to its good performance, ease of use and low price. A recuperator of this type is a fixed metal plates with a high specific heat and relatively low weight. Plates are collected in a kind of cassette, which slightly resembles a bee hive. Atmospheric air passes through the box of the apparatus with cassettes and is then heated or cooled, depending on the winter or summer season. Condensate formed during operation is discharged through a specially provided drainage outlet or channel.

Along with the listed advantages, the system has a certain disadvantage: the formation of ice in the box, which is especially evident in autumn-winter period.

Rotary

A recuperator of this type carries out the inflow and outflow of the air jet due to the blades. The heating system has from one to two driven rotors, depending on the model. Externally, the installation looks like a cylindrical barrel with a drum. As air is pumped out of the room and the cylindrical box heats up, atmospheric mass is taken.

The advantages of this device:

• improved efficiency;
• increased efficiency;
• absence of condensate, and, consequently, no drainage troughs;
• lack of ice;

• does not dry the air, which does not require additional humidification;
• regulation of the amount of air supply and intake due to the speed of rotation of the blades.

However, there are also disadvantages:

• increased power consumption;
• rotating elements wear out faster than stationary ones;
• the need for additional extraction to prevent possible mixing of incoming and outgoing air masses.

Note! Before purchasing a rotary recuperator, you need to take into account its increased power, which can lead to an increase in the section of the room's wiring.

Roof

This recuperator recycles large air masses. The expediency of its use can be explained by a large mansion, other residential or non-residential premises. The principle of operation is in many ways similar to the plate unit, but the latter differs from the roof unit in smaller dimensions. Ease of installation of the device, low cost of maintenance and operation have made it indispensable in the ventilation devices of shops, repair shops, production areas. The installation of such a recuperator on the roof generally excludes the penetration of any sounds and noise into the room.

Glycol recuperator

Glycolic (or recirculating) regenerative apparatus combines the qualities of plate and rotary heat engineering devices. Its main difference from the previous ones is the use of an intermediate coolant. The latter is a water-glycol solution consisting of propylene glycol or ethylene diluted with distilled water. The mixture has a high heat capacity, allowing to utilize a large amount of heat, retains its working qualities at subzero temperatures. In severe low-temperature conditions, it is possible to replace the specified coolant with antifreeze. The equipment allows you to work simultaneously with several ventilation ducts, hoses or hoods.

Recuperator for an apartment: calculation and review of manufacturers

An apartment heat-and-power device will be the best acquisition, especially if the home is located in a big city or in the center of a metropolis. Automotive and industrial gases, street noise, heat or cold will always remain outside the premises. The device will not only add a lot of clean air to the apartment, but will also save on heating, ventilation and cleaning the incoming atmospheric flow. This is achieved by a simple exchange of heat between the supply and extract air flows, which have passed through an insulating duct with a cleaning filter.

Recuperator calculation

You can calculate the required heat and power device yourself, without resorting to the services of specialized companies. The calculation of the efficiency and efficiency of the device is determined by the knowledge of the energy consumption for the supply or exhaust masses. The calculation formula is as follows:

Q = 0.335 x L x (t 1 - t 2),

where L is the flow rate of air masses, t 1 is the inflow temperature, t 2 is the temperature of the outgoing masses, 0.335 is the regional coefficient.

The calculation of efficiency is carried out according to the following formula:

E = Q x n,

where: Q - energy or electrical costs for heating or cooling the jet, n - device efficiency.

Useful advice! Before buying a recuperator for a private house or city apartment, you need to familiarize yourself with their types, technical characteristics and the principle of operation. It may be necessary to carry out preparatory assembly work and draw up a project.

Recuperator PRANA

This manufacturer of heating and ventilation equipment has been on the market for over 15 years. Its equipment has a long service life, high efficiency and reasonable prices.

Operational characteristics of the device:

• type - lamellar;
• electricity consumption - 5-90 B / h, depending on the model;
• noise level - 25-140 dB;
• unit length - 500 mm;
• incoming jet - 115-650 m³ / h;
• outgoing jet - 105-610 m³ / h;
• Efficiency - 79-80%, depending on the model.

The whole the lineup equipped with a remote control panel, operates at ambient temperatures from -15 to 45 ° C. The relatively low price of the air recuperator, the significant retention of the set temperature during heating or heating and the small dimensions make this device one of the most popular, which is confirmed by numerous positive reviews. The Prana recuperator can be built into the wall of the room or installed outside. Installation of the device is quite easy and is carried out within 2-3 hours.

You can only notice such a decentralized system by the presence of a ventilation grill on the wall. Not the least positive quality is the heat exchangers made of copper, which has an antimicrobial effect. The average price of an air recuperator for a home of this brand is about 25,000 rubles. The cost of devices with increased productivity ranges from 50 to 110 thousand rubles.

Recuperators MARLEY

The compact German heat exchanger is equipped with a ceramic heat exchange element, which allows the device to be operated even at temperatures of -30ºC. Washing it and cleaning the air filters is a simple operation that can be carried out by an ordinary user. The duration of continuous operation is about 6 months, after this period the control lamp will light up. Using the device near highways or in the central part of the city will force you to resort to more frequent cleaning. This operation does not take much time and takes 15-20 minutes.

You can buy an air recuperator for home, the price of which is 24,000 rubles, in a specialized store. At a fairly moderate cost, the device has the following performance characteristics:

1. three power phases - 15, 25 and 40 m³ / h;
2. consumed electric power - from 3.5 to 8 W;
3. the rotor of the electric motor is brushless;
4. noise level - 22, 29 and 35 dB;
5. heat utilization - 80-85%;
6. service area - from 60 m²;
7. external dimensions - 285-500 mm. The small size of the unit allows it to be installed in a wall.

The new line of the Marley manufacturer is the menv 180 recuperator, which differs from the previous counterparts in its low power consumption - only 3 watts. Nice functional additions are:

• temperature, carbon dioxide and humidity controllers;
• improved aerodynamics;
• low noise level;
• waterproofing coating for work in damp residential or non-residential premises;
• high purification category of the supply jet.

By installing such a recuperator, the price of which is within 27,500 rubles, you will forget about street soot and exhaust gases, dust, fog and industrial emissions.

DIY recuperator

Any craftsman can make an air recuperator for a home with his own hands. For this you will need:

• two sheets of galvanized steel;
• wood-laminated box for the shell of the apparatus;
• cork gaskets;
• silicone neutral sealant;
• pressure controller;
• metal corners;
• thermal insulation mineral wool.

Also useful for work electric jigsaw, metal fasteners and connecting flanges.

Steel sheets must be cut into rectangular plates with dimensions of 200x300 mm. To do this, you need within 3-4 m² of steel. Cutting must be done very carefully so that the slices do not have burrs and notches. For this purpose, it is recommended to use a special tool - a grinder or a hacksaw for metal.

Then the plates are stacked on top of each other with a gap of at least 4 mm. This distance is ensured by gluing around the perimeter of each element of thermal insulation material (cork, wood or textolite). After laying the plates, the joints are treated with a special neutral sealant.

The housing is then manufactured to be sized appropriately to fit within its plate structure. Holes are cut in the walls of the case, into which pre-prepared plastic flanges are inserted, which must correspond to the diameter of the air ducts. All joints are also carefully sealed.

When the sealant is dry, the plate structure is placed inside the case. The outer walls must be lined with insulating material such as foam or glass wool. The finished structure, in order to improve the aesthetic component, can be placed in a wooden box.

Note! Visually noticeable crevices and cuts in the box of a self-assembled recuperator for a private house must be filled with a silicone neutral hermetic mass.

Previously, recuperators and ventilation systems were installed only in industrial production, coal and mining mines. Today, thermal engineering devices for the utilization of exhaust gases are increasingly located in houses and apartments.

An industrial apparatus or a self-assembled air recuperator becomes our irreplaceable assistant... It supplies clean, cooled or heated atmospheric air, cleans the house from dust and unpleasant odors and at the same time saves some money on space heating.

By what parameters to choose a recuperator and where to install it, which rooms to connect to the recuperator - the recommendations of specialists.

As part of the project, we decided to answer the questions of the portal users regarding the selection and installation of recuperators.

Of these installations will be put into operation at our construction site, which determined the topic of this article. Questions regarding the types of ventilation systems and the criteria by which to choose recuperators, we will analyze with the help of the manufacturers - engineers of the TURKOV company.

In this article:

• types of ventilation systems;
• what are the advantages of the recuperator;
• what parameters should be used to choose a recuperator;
• basic and additional functions of the recuperator;
• sanitary standards for the installation and connection of the recuperator.

So why was the supply and exhaust system chosen? For a complete understanding of the issue, consider the types of modern supply and exhaust systems.

Natural ventilation

Natural Incentive Ventilation is a system that includes wall and window inlets (allowing fresh air to enter the room) and an exhaust duct system (removing exhaust air from toilets, bathrooms and kitchens). The possibility of air exchange in the presence of natural ventilation is ensured by the difference in temperature inside and outside the room.

The advantages of such a system are its simplicity and low cost; the disadvantages include low efficiency and insufficient quality of air exchange. Also, the disadvantages include a large load on the heating system and seasonal instability. For example, in summer, when the temperature of the indoor and outdoor air is equalized, the air exchange in the room practically stops. In winter, on the contrary, the system works more efficiently, but this requires additional costs for heating the air coming from the street.

Combined system

Combined ventilation is a forced draft system with natural air flow. Its disadvantages:

1. The energy efficiency of the combined system is even lower than that of natural ventilation. The fact is that the fans create a stable exhaust air flow, and this significantly increases the load on the heating system.
2. Poor quality of air exchange in the house (the hood does not work constantly, but only during the use of bathrooms and kitchens). Even with the constant operation of the exhaust fans, the air exchange in the room will not be able to reach the level that is necessary for a comfortable stay.

The advantages of the combined system are its relatively low cost and the absence of seasonal draft problems in the exhaust duct. Nevertheless, in terms of the level of air exchange and in terms of functionality, the combined system greatly falls short of full-fledged supply and exhaust ventilation.

Classical forced system

Classic forced ventilation provides air circulation in the specified modes and volumes. This system is equipped with supply and exhaust air ducts, as well as specialized ventilation equipment capable of maintaining a stable air exchange in the room all year round. Such systems have one big drawback: they are very energy intensive when used in winter. This is explained by the fact that the cold air flow from the street must be constantly heated to a comfortable room temperature.

Forced system with recuperator

Forced ventilation with a recuperator is the most advanced system capable of circulating air flows in specified modes and volumes. Its operation is associated with minimal energy consumption. After all, the flow from the street is first heated by a recuperator (due to the heat contained in the exhaust air), and then the air is heated up to a comfortable temperature for humans. In many developed countries, such a technical solution has already become a building standard, enshrined at the legislative level.

Taking into account the growing requirements for the comfort of living quarters, it is advisable to equip any new house not only with standard ventilation ducts, but with a multifunctional and economical forced ventilation system. The recuperator-based system provides an inflow of clean air with a comfortable temperature and at the same time removes the exhaust air masses outside the room. At the same time, heat (and sometimes moisture) is removed from the exhaust flow and transferred to the supply flow.

Why did you choose an enthalpy recuperator?

Firstly, unlike classical ventilation, the recuperator allows you to significantly save on equipment operation. Secondly, the cost of the recuperator is not much higher than the cost of classical ventilation equipment. Thirdly, during the operation of the recuperator 80% of the heat exhaust air returns back to the supply unit, which significantly reduces the cost of heating it.

On hot summer days, heat exchange takes place in the opposite direction, which also saves on air conditioning. Simultaneously with the transfer of heat in the heat exchanger, moisture is transferred from the extract air to the supply air. In physics there is such a thing as "dew point". This is the moment when the relative humidity of the air reaches 100% and the moisture changes from gas to liquid (condensate). Condensation appears on the surface of the recuperator, and the lower the outside temperature, the more likely it is for condensation to form on the recuperator. Since the enthalpy recuperator allows the transfer of moisture from the extract air to the supply air, the “dew point” shifts to a zone of very low temperatures. The recuperator allows you to maintain a higher relative humidity of the supply air (in comparison with classical ventilation), and also significantly increases frost resistance and removes the need for condensate drainage.

The presence of the above functions fully explains the choice of such an air handling unit.

We present a functional diagram of the installation.

Where:
М1 and М2 - supply and exhaust fans;
D (1, 2, 3) - temperature sensors;
K (1, 2, 3) - heat exchangers;
F (1, 2) - air filters.

What parameters should be used to choose a recuperator

The first thing you need to pay attention to when choosing a model of a supply and exhaust recuperator is the wording used by the manufacturer or seller of the equipment. We often hear the following: “efficiency up to 99%”, “efficiency up to 100%” “operation up to -50 ° C” - all these phrases are nothing more than a manifestation of a marketing strategy with a simultaneous attempt to mislead the buyer. As the experience of operating recuperators in the Russian climate has shown, metal recuperators work stably when the temperature drops to -10 ° C. Further, the process of reducing the efficiency begins due to freezing of the recuperator. To prevent this from happening, many manufacturers use additional heating sources (electrical preheating).

The second thing you need to pay attention to is the thickness of the equipment case, the material from which the case frame is made and the presence of cold bridges in the case. Again, back to the experience of use: consider the features of the case with a thickness of 30mm. This housing cannot withstand a drop in outdoor temperature down to -5 ° C and must be insulated additionally. If the housing is made of an aluminum frame, then additional insulation will also become an integral part of it. After all, aluminum is one large cold bridge, "spread out" along the entire perimeter of the case.

Third: one of the most common mistakes when choosing a recuperator is that the buyer does not take into account the free head of the fans. He sees only the magic figure - 500 m³ and the price - 50 thousand rubles, and that the fan has a pressure of 0 Pa at 500 m³, the buyer learns only after the repair of the house is completed, that is, during the operation of the already installed equipment.

The fourth selection criterion is the availability of automation and the ability to connect optional components to it. Automation allows you to significantly reduce operating costs and achieve maximum comfort when operating equipment.

With regard to productivity: the main design parameter is the volume of air that must enter the room within one hour. In accordance with sanitary standards, this volume should be equal to 60 m³ per adult person or once an hour from the total volume of the serviced premises (living room, kitchen, bedrooms). When choosing a recuperator, you need to look not only at the performance of the installation, but also at the pressure of the fans that pump your ventilation network around the house.

It is better to entrust the calculation of the required performance to specialists. Indeed, in the event of an error, replacing the recuperator will require tangible financial costs.

When calculating and choosing an installation, in order to obtain more accurate information, you will have to read specialized literature and forums, call manufacturers and equipment suppliers (the topic is very extensive). It is always best to consult a specialist. And for those people who do not stop this advice, it is still recommended to confirm the correct choice with the manufacturer or distributor of the equipment.

Recuperator selection by design type

This is not to say that some recuperator is better or worse, each type of recuperator has its own strengths and areas of application. The efficiency of a rotary and plate recuperator is absolutely the same, since the efficiency depends on two parameters: on the area of ​​the heat exchange surface of the recuperator and on the direction of the air flow in the recuperator.

The design of the rotary recuperator allows for partial mixing of the supply and exhaust flows, since the brush is the insulator of air flows in it. Fine-bristled brush, by itself, is a poor insulator between air flows, and a small imbalance in the system leads to an even greater flow of exhaust air into the intake duct. Also, the weak link in a rotary recuperator is the engine and the belt that turns the rotor: additional driving parts reduce the overall reliability of the equipment, as well as increase energy consumption for recuperation. The rotary recuperator can only be installed in one position, which also reduces the possibility of its use at home. The main objects for the use of rotary recuperators are shopping centers, hypermarkets and others. public buildings With large area where the air flow is only for the benefit of the owners of the building.

We present a diagram of the operation of a rotary recuperator.

Plate recuperators, unlike rotary devices, are not so massive, but at the same time they are easy to install and reliable in operation. Among plate recuperators, membrane-type equipment deserves special attention. A special polymer membrane built into the recuperator returns moisture from the extract air to the supply air. At the same time, it prevents the formation of condensation, as well as the formation of ice inside the device (during its operation at low temperatures).

On the basis of plate recuperators, it is possible to build a multi-stage recuperation, which avoids direct contact of the coldest air flow (coming from the street) with the warmest one (coming from the house). And in conjunction with an enthalpy recuperator, this technology allows you to avoid freezing of the recuperator. A gradual decrease in the extract air temperature and a gradual increase in the supply air temperature inside the recuperator make the device resistant even to temperatures in the extreme north. As practice shows, such equipment works successfully in the most severe climatic conditions, for example, in Yakutsk.

PiterPro user FORUMHOUSE

Plate heat exchangers use different material... Plastic and metal heat exchangers - freeze over. Membrane heat exchangers use a thin film that only allows moisture to pass through. There are two or three heat exchangers in such an installation at once, depending on the model.

Efficiency is one of the main characteristics of a recuperator, and you should pay special attention to its value before purchasing a unit.

It is important to choose a recuperator for your home with sensitive and reliable automation. After all, there is nothing worse than equipment that is constantly involved in work and requires attention with enviable regularity. Modern automation of recuperators opens up additional opportunities for users:

• separate adjustment of the supply and exhaust fans;
• air conditioning control;
• humidifier control;
• automation and dispatching.

And the design features allow you to equip the device with additional options and systems:

• automatic fan power control system - VAV-system (maintaining constant flow air);
• an automatic air flow control system based on a CO2 sensor (it regulates the air flow pressure depending on the carbon dioxide content in the exhaust duct);
• timer with several events per day;
• water or electric air heater;
• additional air dampers;

This also includes the improved filtration system.

When choosing equipment, it is necessary to consider the air handling unit as a climate complex that will maintain air flow, as well as temperature and humidity (if necessary) in a given mode. The installation of additional heaters, coolers, VAV valves, humidifiers or dehumidifiers is already a vital necessity today.

Shuvalov Dmitry

If the recuperator itself is unable to maintain the required supply air temperature, then the device should be retrofitted with a heater of appropriate power. On average, if the design temperature in the duct does not fall below +14 ... + 15 ° C, then the heater can be omitted. My opinion is this: it is better not to turn on the heater, if it is not needed, than when needed - there will be nothing to turn on.

The above systems and devices allow you to minimize human participation in the control of the system and improve the quality of the microclimate in the house. A modern climate system is able to constantly monitor the operability of all units of optional equipment and, if necessary, warn the user about problems in the operation of the system and about changes in the microclimate in the room. When using a VAV system, the operating costs of the installation are significantly reduced by temporary and / or partial disconnection of individual rooms from the ventilation system.

Currently, there are models of recuperators that are able to connect to individual systems "" using ModBus or KNX protocols. Such devices are ideal for connoisseurs of advanced and modern functionality.

Additional selection criteria

When choosing a recuperator, it is important to pay attention to the noise level that it creates during operation. This indicator depends on the material from which the device case is made, on the thickness of the case, on the power of the fans and on other parameters.

According to the type of installation, recuperators are suspended (mounted on the ceiling) and floor-standing (installed on a flat horizontal surface or hung on the wall). Outlets for ventilation ducts can be both on both sides ("through" layout) and on one side ("vertical" layout). Which recuperator you need depends on the specific parameters of your ventilation system and on where the supply and exhaust equipment will be installed.

Installation recommendations are mainly related to the premises where the recuperator is to be installed. First of all, boiler rooms are used for installation (if it comes on private households). Also, recuperators are installed in basements, attics and other technical rooms.

If this does not disagree with the requirements of the technical documentation, then the unit can be mounted in any unheated room, while the distribution of ventilation ducts, if possible, should be mounted in rooms with heating.

Ventilation ducts passing through unheated rooms (as well as outdoors) should be made as insulated as possible. Air ducts running from the equipment to the street (supply and exhaust) are also necessarily insulated. It is also necessary to insulate the nodes of the passage of air ducts through the outer walls.

Considering the noise the equipment can generate during operation, it is best to place it away from bedrooms and other living rooms.

As for placing the recuperator in the apartment: the best place for it would be a balcony or some kind of technical room.

In the absence of such an opportunity, the free space of the dressing room can be allocated for the installation of the recuperator.

Be that as it may, the location of the installation largely depends on the features of the layout of an apartment or house, on the layout and location of the ventilation network and on the dimensions of the device.

It is recommended to pay special attention to an element such as a deadbolt. Already existing bolts can be a big problem when laying a ventilation network. You can bypass this element only through a technical room or a built-in wardrobe, which is far from always possible. Therefore, one should think about the ventilation project even when designing a house, having foreseen the presence of walk-through windows in the crossbar. The same recommendation applies to the nodes of the passage through the roof.

Living quarters can be equipped with both exhaust and supply ducts - at the same time, but in most cases, supply ducts are sufficient. The hood in this case is made "central", as a rule, representing one or two exhaust points located in the corridors.

As for kitchens and bathrooms: these rooms should be equipped with separate hoods that utilize the exhaust air into the general ventilation ducts (in apartments) or outside (in private houses).

Nevertheless, there are situations in which the connection of bathrooms to a ventilation system with a recuperator is allowed (please note that we are talking specifically about the rooms, and not about the hoods located in these rooms). But because of the cold Russian climate, with such a connection, it is required to observe a lot of nuances, which is far from always possible. In any case, with a question about the possibility of such a connection, you need to contact specialized specialists. It is strongly not recommended to connect bathrooms to the recuperator on your own.

Air handling units with heat recovery appeared relatively recently, but they quickly gained popularity and became a fairly popular system. The devices are capable of fully ventilating the room during the cold period, while maintaining the optimal temperature regime of the incoming air.

What it is?

When using supply and exhaust ventilation in the autumn-winter period, the question of keeping warm in the room often arises. The flow of cold air from the ventilation rushes to the floor and contributes to the creation of an unfavorable microclimate. The most common way to solve this problem is to install an air heater that heats the streams of cold outdoor air before supplying it to the room. However, this method is quite energy-consuming and does not prevent heat loss in the room.

The best option The solution to the problem is to equip the ventilation system with a recuperator. The recuperator is a device in which the outflow and air supply ducts are in close proximity to each other. The recovery unit allows partial transfer of heat from the air leaving the room to the incoming air. Thanks to the technology of heat exchange between multidirectional air flows, it is possible to save up to 90% of electricity, in addition, in the summer, the device can be used to cool incoming air masses.

Specifications

The heat recuperator consists of a body covered with heat and sound insulating materials and made of sheet steel. The body of the device is strong enough to withstand weight and vibration loads. There are inlet and outlet openings on the casing, and air movement through the device is provided by two fans, usually of an axial or centrifugal type. The need to install them is due to a significant slowdown natural circulation air, which is caused by the high aerodynamic resistance of the recuperator. In order to avoid the suction of fallen leaves, small birds or mechanical debris, an air intake grill is installed at the inlet located on the street side. The same opening, but from the side of the room, is also equipped with a grill or diffuser that evenly distributes the air flow. When installing branched systems, air ducts are mounted to the holes.

In addition, the inlets of both streams are equipped with fine filters that protect the system from dust and grease droplets. This protects the heat exchanger channels from clogging and significantly extends the service life of the equipment. However, the installation of filters is complicated by the need for constant monitoring of their condition, cleaning, and, if necessary, replacing them. Otherwise, the clogged filter will act as a natural barrier to air flows, due to which the resistance to them will increase and the fan will break.

By the type of construction, the filters of recuperators can be dry, wet and electrostatic. The choice of the right model depends on the power of the device, physical properties and chemical composition exhaust air, as well as personal preferences of the buyer.

In addition to fans and filters, the recuperators include heating elements, which can be water and electric. Each heater is equipped with a temperature switch and is able to automatically turn on if the heat leaving the house cannot cope with heating the incoming air. The power of the heaters is selected in strict accordance with the volume of the room and the working capacity of the ventilation system. However, in some devices, heating elements only protect the heat exchanger from freezing and do not affect the temperature of the incoming air.

The water elements of the heater are more economical. This is due to the fact that the coolant, which moves along the copper coil, enters it from the heating system of the house. From the coil, the plates are heated, which, in turn, give off heat to the air flow. The water heater control system is represented by a three-way valve that opens and closes the water supply, a throttle valve that decreases or increases its speed, and a mixing unit that regulates the temperature. Water heaters are installed in a rectangular or square duct system.

Electric heaters are more often installed on air ducts with a circular cross-section, and they use a spiral as a heating element. For correct and effective work spiral heater, the air flow rate should be greater than or equal to 2 m / s, the air temperature should be 0-30 degrees, and the moisture content of the passing masses should not exceed 80%. All electric heaters are equipped with an operation timer and a thermal relay that turns off the device in case of overheating.

In addition to the standard set of elements, at the request of the consumer, air ionizers and humidifiers are installed in the recuperators, and most modern designs equipped with an electronic control unit and a function for programming the operating mode, depending on external and internal conditions. The dashboards have an aesthetic appearance, allowing the recuperators to fit organically into the ventilation system and not disturb the harmony of the room.

Principle of operation

In order to better understand how the recuperative system works, refer to the translation of the word “recuperator”. Literally it means "return of used", in this context - heat exchange. In ventilation systems, a recuperator takes heat from the air leaving the room and gives it to the incoming streams. The temperature difference between multidirectional air jets can reach 50 degrees. In summer, the device works the other way around and cools the air coming from the street to the temperature of the outgoing one. On average, the efficiency of devices is 65%, which makes it possible to rationally use energy resources and significantly save on electricity.

In practice, the heat exchange in the recuperator is as follows: forced ventilation drives an excess volume of air into the room, as a result of which the contaminated masses are forced to leave the room through the exhaust duct. The outgoing warm air passes through the heat exchanger, thereby heating the walls of the structure. At the same time, a stream of cold air moves towards it, which takes away the heat received by the heat exchanger, without mixing with the waste streams.

However, cooling the air leaving the room leads to the formation of condensation. With good operation of the fans, which give the air masses a high speed, the condensate does not have time to fall on the walls of the device and goes out into the street together with the air stream. But if the speed of air movement was not high enough, then water begins to accumulate inside the device. For these purposes, the design of the recuperator includes a pallet, which is located at a slight slope towards the drain hole.

Through the drain hole, water enters a closed tank, which is installed from the side of the room. This is dictated by the fact that the accumulated water can freeze the outflow channels and the condensate will have nowhere to drain. Use collected water not recommended for humidifiers: liquid may contain large amounts pathogenic microorganisms, and therefore must be poured into the sewer system.

However, if frost from condensation still forms, it is recommended to install additional equipment- bypass. This device is made in the form of a bypass channel through which the supply air will enter the room. As a result, the heat exchanger does not heat up the incoming streams, but spends its heat exclusively on melting ice. The incoming air, in turn, is heated by an air heater, which is switched on synchronously with the bypass. After all the ice has been melted and the water is discharged into the storage tank, the bypass is turned off and the recuperator starts operating normally.

In addition to installing a bypass, hygroscopic cellulose is used to combat icing. The material is in special cassettes and absorbs moisture before it has time to fall into condensation. Moisture vapors pass through the cellulose layer and return to the room with the incoming stream. The advantages of such devices are simple installation, the optional installation of a condensate collector and a storage tank. In addition, the efficiency of the cassettes of cellulose recuperators does not depend on external conditions, and the efficiency is over 80%. The disadvantages include the inability to use in rooms with excessive humidity and the high cost of some models.

Types of recuperators

The modern ventilation equipment market represents wide choose recuperators different types, differing from each other both in design and in the method of heat exchange between streams.

• Plate models are the simplest and most common type of recuperators, they are characterized by low cost and long service life. The heat exchanger of the models consists of thin aluminum plates, which have high thermal conductivity and significantly increase the efficiency of devices, which in plate models can reach 90%. High efficiency rates are due to the peculiarity of the structure of the heat exchanger, the plates in which are located in such a way that both streams, alternating, pass between them at an angle of 90 degrees to each other. The sequencing of the hot and cold jets was made possible by the bending of the edges on the plates and the sealing of the joints with polyester resins. In addition to aluminum, copper and brass alloys, as well as polymer hydrophobic plastics, are used for the production of plates. However, apart from the advantages, the plate recuperators have their own weaknesses... The downside of the models is the high risk of condensation and ice formation, which is due to the fact that the plates are too close to each other.

• Rotary models consist of a body, inside of which a cylindrical rotor rotates, consisting of profiled plates. During the rotation of the rotor, heat is transferred from the outgoing streams to the incoming ones, as a result of which a slight mixing of the masses is observed. And although the mixing rate is not critical and usually does not exceed 7%, such models are not used in children's and medical institutions. The level of recuperation of air masses depends entirely on the rotor speed, which is set in manual mode. The efficiency of rotary models is 75-90%, the risk of ice formation is minimal. The latter is due to the fact that most of the moisture is retained in the drum, after which it evaporates. The disadvantages include the complexity of maintenance, high noise load, which is due to the presence of moving mechanisms, as well as the size of the device, the inability to install on the wall and the likelihood of odors and dust spreading during operation.

• Chamber models consist of two chambers, between which there is a common damper. After warming up, it begins to turn and run cold air into the warm chamber. Then the heated air goes into the room, the damper closes and the process is repeated again. However, the chamber recuperator did not gain wide popularity. This is due to the fact that the damper is not able to ensure the complete tightness of the chambers, therefore the air flows are mixed.

• Tubular models consist of a large number of tubes that contain freon. In the process of heating from the outgoing streams, the gas rises to the upper sections of the tubes and heats the incoming streams. After the release of heat occurs, freon takes on a liquid form and flows down to the lower sections of the tubes. The advantages of tubular recuperators include a fairly high efficiency, reaching 70%, the absence of moving elements, the absence of hum during operation, small size and long service life. Disadvantages are considered heavy weight models due to the presence of metal pipes in the structure.

• Intermediate heating models consist of two separate air ducts passing through a heat exchanger filled with a water-glycol solution. As a result of passing through the heating unit, the exhaust air gives off heat to the coolant, which, in turn, heats the incoming stream. The advantages of the model include its durability, due to the absence of moving parts, and among the minuses, they note a low efficiency, reaching only 60%, and a predisposition to condensation.

How to choose?

Due to the wide variety of recuperators presented to consumers, it will not be difficult to choose the right model. Moreover, each type of device has its own narrow specialization and the recommended installation site. So, when buying a device for an apartment or a private house, it is better to choose a classic plate model with aluminum plates. Such devices do not require maintenance, do not require regular maintenance and have a long service life.

This model is perfect for use in an apartment building. This is due to the low noise level during its operation and its compact size. Tubular standard models have also proven themselves well for private use: they are small in size and do not buzz. However, the cost of such recuperators is slightly higher than the cost of plate products, so the choice of a device depends on the financial capabilities and personal preferences of the owners.

When choosing a model for a production workshop, non-food warehouse or underground parking lot, you should focus on rotary devices. Such devices have great power and high performance, which is one of the main criteria for working on large areas. Recuperators with an intermediate heat carrier have also proven themselves well, however, due to their low efficiency, they are not as in demand as drum installations.

An important factor when choosing a device is its price. So, the most budget options plate recuperators can be purchased for 27,000 rubles, while a powerful rotary recuperator unit with additional fans and a built-in filtration system will cost about 250,000 rubles.

Design and calculation examples

In order not to be mistaken when choosing a recuperator, you should calculate the efficiency and efficiency of the device. To calculate the efficiency, the following formula is used: K = (Tp - Tn) / (Tp - Tn), where Tp denotes the temperature of the incoming stream, Tn - outside temperature, and TV is the room temperature. Next, you need to compare your value with the maximum possible indicator of the efficiency of the purchased device. Usually this value is indicated in the technical passport of the model or other accompanying documentation. However, when comparing the desired efficiency and the one indicated in the passport, it should be remembered that in fact this coefficient will be slightly lower than that stated in the document.

Knowing the efficiency of a particular model, you can calculate its efficiency. This can be done according to the following formula: E (W) = 0.36xRxKx (Tv - Tn), where P will denote the air flow rate and will be measured in m3 / h. After all calculations have been made, the costs of purchasing a recuperator should be compared with its efficiency, converted into monetary equivalent. If the purchase justifies itself, the device can be safely purchased. Otherwise, it is worth considering alternative methods of heating the incoming air or installing a number of simpler devices.

When designing the device yourself, it should be borne in mind that countercurrent devices have the maximum heat transfer efficiency. They are followed by cross-flow ducts, and in the last place are unidirectional ducts. In addition, how intense the heat transfer will be directly depends on the quality of the material, the thickness of the dividing walls, and also on how long the air masses will stay inside the device.

Installation subtleties

The assembly and installation of the recuperation unit can be done independently. The most simple form homemade appliance is a coaxial recuperator. For its manufacture, they take a two-meter plastic pipe for sewage with a section of 16 cm and an air corrugation made of aluminum 4 m long, the diameter of which should be 100 mm. Adapters-splitters are put on the ends of a large pipe, with the help of which the device will be connected to the air duct, and a corrugation is inserted inside, twisting it in a spiral. The recuperator is connected to the ventilation system in such a way that warm air is driven through the corrugation, and cold air goes through a plastic pipe.

As a result of this design, mixing of flows does not occur, and the street air has time to warm up, moving inside the pipe. To improve the performance of the device, you can combine it with a ground heat exchanger. During the tests, such a recuperator gives good results. So, at an external temperature of -7 degrees and an internal temperature of 24 degrees, the productivity of the device was about 270 cubic meters per hour, and the temperature of the incoming air corresponded to 19 degrees. average cost homemade model- 5 thousand rubles.

At self-production When installing the recuperator, remember that the longer the length of the heat exchanger, the higher the efficiency of the unit. Therefore, experienced craftsmen recommend assembling a recuperator from four sections of 2 m each, after preliminary thermal insulation of all pipes. The condensate drainage problem can be solved by installing a water drain connection, and the device itself can be placed slightly at an angle.