When buying a heating device for their home, many are faced with a huge range of them. How to choose the most suitable among the many presented devices? What types of home heaters are the most economical, and for what purposes are they suitable?

Consider the main types of heating devices, their advantages, disadvantages and methods of use. In total, there are four types of household heaters with different principles of operation:

1. Convectors ( , ), which work on the principle of convection, moving heated air up and sucking in cold air from below for subsequent heating.
2. , heating long-wave rays (according to the principle of the sun in nature) walls, floors and various things in the apartment.
3. creating a warm directional airflow.

Oil coolers

Oil heaters are very good for heating a private house or apartment, which are fairly mobile batteries filled with mineral oil inside. The surface of the battery is heated by heating the oil, using heating elements (1 or 2 heating elements are connected). Such radiators consist of several sections, and the more there are, the more heat such a battery gives off.

When choosing an oil-based home heater, pay attention to its power. The calculation of the required power is as follows: 1 kW can heat a room of 10 m 2 (with a ceiling height of up to 3 m).

Also, in oil heaters, fan heaters are sometimes built in, which greatly reduces the warm-up time of the room. The advantages of oil heaters include:

1. The presence of a thermostat with which you can adjust the power of the device (if there are two heating elements, then there should also be two thermostat knobs).
2. Equipped with a timer (in most modern models) to set the time to turn the unit on or off.
3. Relatively low cost.
4. Mobility (they can be freely moved around the room or to other rooms).
5. The ability to work for some time without consuming electricity (due to the already heated oil, which cools very slowly), which can provide tangible savings.

The disadvantages of this type of household heaters include:

1. Long heating (which is compensated by slow cooling).
2. Considerable dimensions and weight of the device.
3. Strong heating of the surface of the case (however, most models are equipped with a special protective casing for safety reasons).

Convection heaters

Convector installations are divided according to different criteria. For example, they can be classified by installation type:

1. , easily moved in any direction.
2. (vertical, horizontal), characterized by a small thickness and attractive design. They can be mounted under the window, similar to batteries.
3. Ceiling. They can be mounted like wall-mounted.
4. . They are often mounted simply on the floor in order to improve uniform heating of the entire room. To do this, you must first lay niches in the floor for laying pipelines supplying hot coolant. From above, such convectors are covered with a beautiful grill for the penetration of warm air.

They are also shared by type of heating:

1. Water. Sometimes they require special installation of the boiler and pipelines.
2. Electrical. The simplest and fastest heating devices are easy to install and do not require additional installations.
3. Gas. Rarely used in residential buildings.

And even circulation type:

1. Natural, based on simple convection.
2. Forced, with a built-in fan for better and faster heating.

The advantages of convector type heaters include:

1. Noiseless at work.
2. The body temperature is usually not higher than 60-65 degrees, which makes them quite safe.
3. Built-in to adjust the automatic self-off and on.
4. Built-in overheat protection.

They are convenient to use. The most convenient of them are floor convectors. They are quite mobile, they can be freely moved to the desired areas. The main thing is that the length of the electric cord is enough, since they all work from the network.

They are sometimes difficult to install. Electric, water and gas convectors often act as an alternative to a central heating system. They are usually provided special assembly(especially for water and gas), which involves the installation of a boiler, wiring pipes and ventilation ducts.

Convector-type electric heaters are difficult to heat large rooms.

Infrared heating units

These types of electric heaters contain special lamps inside the housing:

1. containing a tube with a thread filled with an inert gas.
2. having carbon fiber filaments.
3. with tungsten filaments.

These lamps are capable of emitting long-wave infrared rays invisible to the human eye. From them, as well as from the sun (by analogy with nature), all objects in the room (floors, walls, furniture) are heated, and then the air. According to their design, these heaters are:

1. Ceiling.
2. Wall.

They can be installed not only in living rooms, but also, if necessary, on balconies, terraces, greenhouses, etc.

Advantages of infrared heaters:

1. Noiseless at work.
2. Economical electricity consumption.
3. The ability to heat without raising dust into the air.
4. The devices do not dry out the air and do not burn oxygen.
5. Uniform heating of the air throughout the room (more on the scheme of work - in the article).
6. When you turn on the device, the room starts to warm up instantly.

The disadvantages of these devices include perhaps quite a few of them. high cost.

fan heaters

The most affordable and easiest to use are thermal fans, which are usually desktop or floor standing. When air passes through the heating elements of the device, fast warm-up any room. The heating elements in the fan heater are made in the form:

1. Electric open coil with temperatures up to 800 degrees.
2. Electric heater in the form of a tube with a temperature of over 200 degrees.
3. Ceramic tiles with temperatures up to 200 degrees.

Fan heaters with ceramic heating elements provide more clean air supply, without the emission of combustion products. The devices are popular due to their low cost and ease of carrying. They almost instantly heat the room to the desired temperature.

Fan heaters are economical: 1 kW of device power can heat a room up to 20-25 m 2 in area.

In addition to these characteristics, their advantages include the presence thermostat, which instantly turns off the device when overheating.

The disadvantages of thermal fans include their noise and the ability to raise dust in the room.

There is also such a variety of heaters as blowers or. In the system of such a heat gun, glowing spirals and a powerful fan are involved. Blowers are very effective in cold areas such as garages.

Conclusion

Among the huge number of different types of heaters for an apartment and a house, you can always choose the device that best meets all the requirements, if you know all its technical characteristics, pros and cons. It will not only warm the room, but also give it comfort, create the necessary microclimate in the room. The main thing is to balance price with quality, power with heated area, and ease of use with ease of maintenance of the device.