When building or buying a private house, a power supply system will be connected to it, and therefore grounding measures will be needed. We propose to consider how to make a separate external and internal ground loop, the cost of its installation and PUE standards, as well as the price and where to buy materials.

The grounding device is a group of horizontal conductors - electrodes, their installation is carried out in close proximity to the object at a certain distance relative to each other.

What is the outline for?

• protection of electrical appliances from voltage surges in the premises;
• protection of residents of the house from electric shock;
• resistance to "spreading" of energy;
• for lightning protection of a cottage, house or apartment.

Inner loop technology

To build such a group, it is customary to use steel corners or reinforcing metal pipes, supports, up to 3 meters long. They are hammered into the ground with a sledgehammer, and, if necessary, fixed with a foundation, but it is advisable not to flood them, otherwise, if repairs are needed, it will be impossible to carry out.

You need to combine them together using a thin steel tape with a thickness of 4 millimeters or more, which is laid in a trench up to a meter deep before starting work. We fasten everything together by welding.

To save space on the site, these groups are placed around the perimeter of the building, or the common area. Contour - just such a geometric figure is formed when evaluating work from above. Absolutely all electrical appliances of the house are connected to this grounding conductor, especially those that consume an above-average load: from 380 V.

What does the outline depend on?

Before starting work, it is imperative to measure and measure the resistance of the ground loop. This indicator depends on several factors, in particular:

1. Condition of ground flooring;
2. Depth of grounding installation;
3. Soil quality and type (clay, black soil, sand, etc.);
4. Number of grounding groups and electrodes in each group;
5. Electrode material and its characteristics.

Ideally, you need to place the ground loop in the black soil, clay soils and loams. It is strictly forbidden to mount electrical resistance in stone covers or rocks, they also conduct current, and the resistance of these materials is very low.

Instructions for the device circuit

The installation of a closed circuit is carried out as follows: a trench of the selected depth is dug, the optimal value is 70 centimeters, but if your apartment is filled with various kinds of power plants, you can create a moat up to a meter down. The shape of the trench is an isosceles triangle with a maximum width of a meter and a depth of 007-1 m, it must first be measured.

A corner is hammered to the tops of the triangle with a sledgehammer, which will be responsible for the initial resistance of the ground loop of a private house. The optimal pipe length for a conventional building is 2-3 meters. If the reinforcement does not enter the ground well, use a special drill, not a hammer. After that, we begin to install our ground electrodes along the trench.

Advice from an electrician:

After all the electrodes are closed, you need to lay a steel strip up to 4 mm thick, start from the substation and move along the perimeter.

You will need a drawing-scheme of the site, because. installation of the ground loop of a private house or building is prohibited by SNIP over gas or water pipes. It can be drawn up schematically or you can use software (for example, the AutoCAD program), this document will be needed when a verification protocol is drawn up in accordance with GOST. In addition, you must also take into account the permission from the energy supply company.

Video: how to make a ground loop in the house

Ground loops can only be built if there is an act for hidden work.

Verification and evaluation

After that, it is necessary to connect and test the ground loop for resistance. To do this, we connect a multimeter to it in ommer mode, after which we connect all the devices in the room to ground, and measure the frequency of the pulses. The optimal rate is 60 pulses per minute.

What are the requirements for the ground loop:

1. It is allowed to choose more wires than indicated in our comparison table, but not less;
2. The strip connecting the electrodes must be made of corrosion-resistant alloy steel;
3. Be sure to color the joints (the color is selected according to GOST);

The estimate is made not only for the materials themselves, the prices for a typical ground loop also take into account the work being done, because in any case you will have to invite an employee of the power supply company to evaluate the work, he will fill out a passport and issue a protocol.

• Fittings - 1500 rubles;
• Steel tape and its installation - 3000 rubles;
• Painting connections - 300 rubles;
• Primary documentation - 200 rubles;
• Welding work when connected to a boiler room - 200 kW (100 rubles);
• Wires that carry out the laying of grounding to the wiring of the house - 500 rubles;

The terms for creating a circuit such as KTP or TP grounding are 3-5 days. Installation must be approached very responsibly, put on a protective suit and dielectric gloves, use a mask when working with welding.