The standard for the consumption of utilities for general house needs is set for the needs of optimizing the calculation

Community services are provided to people to improve the quality of their lives. This applies not only to users of a separate room, but also to the whole house as a whole. The latter are paid by all residents.

Issues related to the provision of general house services are regulated by special regulations.

These include:

1. Housing Code of the Russian Federation.
2. Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of May 6, 2011 No. 354 "On the provision of public services to owners and users of premises in apartment buildings and residential buildings."
3. Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of August 13, 2006 No. 491 “On approval of the rules for maintaining common property in an apartment building and the rules for changing the amount of payment for the maintenance of residential premises in the event of the provision of services and performance of work on the management, maintenance and repair of common property in an apartment building of inadequate quality and (or) with breaks exceeding the established duration.”
4. Federal Law of November 23, 2009 No. 261-FZ "On Energy Saving and Energy Efficiency, and on Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation".

The concept of common house needs

The concept of common house needs is defined in the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of May 6, 2011 No. 354 "On the provision of public services to owners and users of premises in apartment buildings and residential buildings." These are the costs associated with resources that were applied outside of the dwellings. This applies to common areas - elevators, entrances, flights of stairs, dryers. In the process of their maintenance, not only cleanliness and order are restored. A certain amount of resources is spent on these places. It is the common needs. Costs are calculated quite simply. The total volume consumed for the reporting period is taken as a basis, based on the readings of individual meters. It excludes the resources used by the tenants of the premises. The difference will be the desired number.

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The list of common house expenses includes: payment for the maintenance of the building, management services, repair work, provision of gas, heat, water, sewerage. Examples of such costs can be lighting of attics, basements and technical rooms, elevators and entrances, power supply to antennas, pumps and other engineering equipment, maintenance of heating communications in common areas, expenses for seasonal inspections of supply systems.

Electricity

The volume of general house electricity costs depends on a number of factors.

These are the number of storeys of the house, the presence of elevator devices, intercom, communication amplifiers, technical features of the installed equipment. Electricity is necessary for the normal functioning of all devices. Without it, the operation of the equipment is impossible.

Water supply

The water that enters the residential area can also be used not only for personal, but also for general needs. Examples of this are:

1. Cleaning of flights of stairs, washing of handrails and communication systems.
2. Watering the adjacent territory - gardens, front gardens, lawns.
3. Discharge of water from the heating system as a whole and from individual components, during repair work.
4. Scheduled and unscheduled pressure testing of heating.
5. Technological water losses due to the peculiarities of pipes, risers, radiators and other elements of the water supply system.

These costs are related to the provision of common needs and are therefore included in the payment for services.

Thermal energy

Thermal energy is used not only for heating residential premises. It is also used for heating entrances and flights of stairs. In most cases, batteries are installed there. Entrance heating is also relevant in houses where concierge services are used so that a person works in comfortable conditions.

Ensuring proper temperature conditions, not only in residential premises, but also in common areas, has a positive effect on the overall quality of life. For this reason, the consumed energy must be paid together with other utilities. One way or another, the costs of transporting heat to apartments are associated with some transmission losses. And since communications run, including inside the building, part of the energy will heat it, that is, go to general house needs.

Consumption standards

Resource consumption standards for general house needs are average indicators of metering devices. At the same time, such data are taken not one by one, but by several hundred residential areas. It should be noted that indicators of not only general, but also individual equipment are taken into account. There are no clear rules defined by law. The decision is made in each specific case in relation to a single residential area. A lot of indicators are taken into account: the region in which the building is located, the degree of its wear and improvement, the time of year, the state of engineering systems. Consumption standards are a value that determines the maximum consumption of resources, which is not recommended to be exceeded.

Establishment procedure

Norms of resource consumption for general house needs can be established by local authorities.

To do this, data on expenses for a certain period are collected and analyzed. For example, if the norms are adopted for the next year, the data for the previous year are taken into account. After all the necessary information is analyzed, new indicators are calculated. At the same time, prices for resources, population density, climatic conditions, and the presence of categories of payers who enjoy benefits should be taken into account.

In fact, these standards are set in order to compensate for the difference between how many resources were spent on individual needs and how much was actually delivered.

Who approves

Established standards must be approved. These powers are vested in local authorities. This is reflected in the current regulatory legal acts. Therefore, the regulations in different regions will not be identical. That is, uniform indicators are not approved by the legislation. The decision is made at a meeting of the authority. It must be documented.

The text states the following:

1. Date and place of the decision.
2. His registration number.
3. basis for its adoption. As a rule, this is a reference to a normative act.
4. Subject of discussion. In this case, these will be the norms for the consumption of resources for general needs.
5. The essence of the decision. Here the approved norms and the period of their application are indicated.
6. The timing of the implementation of the regulation, that is, when it should be applied.
7. The circle of persons to whom it concerns.
8. Signature of the head of the regional authority.

The decision is drawn up on the letterhead of the institution. If a regular sheet of paper is used, then the document must be stamped. The standards themselves are drawn up in the form of a separate application. They must be issued on the site of the management company, as well as placed in a place accessible to users.

Are there escalation factors?

Increased coefficients are applied in cases where metering devices are not installed. In this case, such a possibility must be confirmed by an inspection report. If the appliances could have been used, but were not installed, increasing coefficients are applied when calculating the payment. With regard to common house needs, this rule does not apply in cases where ODN is included in the payment for the maintenance of common property.

Methods for calculating ODN

The calculation of the amount of expenses for general house needs is made according to the formulas established by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of May 6, 2011 No. 354. It all depends on whether meters are installed or not.

Lack of a meter

The building is not always equipped with metering devices. For such cases, a separate calculation option is provided.

This will require the following data:

1. The standard established by the regional authorities for a particular type of service.
2. The total area of ​​the building.
3. The size of a particular apartment.
4. The total area of ​​residential and technical premises in the house.

After that, a certain formula is applied. The result of dividing the area of ​​​​the apartment and all the rooms in the building is taken. It is multiplied by the consumption standard and the total area. The calculated indicator for each owner of the living space is added to the individual indicator or standard and is displayed in the receipt.

The presence of a meter

This calculation option consists of the following steps:

1. Data is taken from common house metering devices.
2. Information about the costs of individual equipment is taken.
3. The difference between the two specified indicators is calculated.
4. The result is divided by the total area of ​​the house.
5. The calculated amount is multiplied by the area of ​​a particular apartment.
6. The resulting figure is multiplied by the tariff set for each type of service.
7. The user will have to pay for the result.

Quite often in practice there are situations when the calculation result can be zero or negative. This is possible in cases where the house is partially equipped with metering devices. That is, in some apartments they are, in others they are not. In this case, the utility provider must recalculate the difference in amounts and divide it among the residents of the house, in proportion to the area or number of residents.

Is it possible to recalculate the fee

With regard to general house needs, as well as individual needs, there are cases when payment for utilities can be changed. According to general rules, recalculation is allowed in cases where the services provided do not meet the requirements of technical or sanitary standards, for example, water is not purified, electricity power is below the established minimum, there are interruptions in the provision of resources.

But it will not always be possible to recalculate, even due to an interruption in the provision of services. The main condition for changing the amount is the presence of guilty actions on the part of the management company. If the problem arose due to residents or due to force majeure, then the issue of recalculation may not be resolved.

Inadequate quality of services

If services for general house needs do not meet the quality requirements, there are interruptions that exceed the established maximum, and also during the period of repair that caused the suspension, the amount payable is subject to recalculation, up to its complete cancellation. Permissible deviations from the norm are specified in Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 354. This rule applies to cases of suspension of the service if a common meter is not installed. The calculation is made based on the duration of the break and the utility standards established for residential and technical premises.

To initiate the procedure for recalculating utility bills, a person must contact the management company. In this case, a written statement will be the basis. The law does not contain a sample that must be used in such cases without fail. The application is made in any form. However, the text of the document should contain the entire exhaustive list of information that is relevant to the current situation.

This includes:

1. Name and location of the service provider.
2. Last name, first name, patronymic, residential address and contact phone number of the consumer.
3. Circumstances of the transaction - the date and place of the conclusion of the contract, its value and subject matter, the rights, obligations and responsibilities of the parties.
4. Circumstances in connection with the occurrence of which it is necessary to recalculate, for example, unreasonable suspension of the service.
5. Reasons for their occurrence. Here you can specify the work that was not necessary.
6. The period for which the recalculation is to be made.
7. List of attached documentation.
8. Date of compilation and signature of the initiator.

The completed appeal must be transferred to the contractor. This can be done in several ways. The most common and convenient option is personal delivery. In this case, the initiator will have the opportunity to negotiate and resolve the dispute through negotiations. If the performer refused to compromise, then it would be correct to demand from him a receipt for receiving the material or its registration number. The appeal can also be sent by mail. It is best to use special correspondence. In this case, the initiator will receive a notification of the delivery of the application to the addressee. Internet transfer is also allowed. This option provides for the availability of e-mail from the sender, as well as the translation of all documents into electronic format.

To substantiate its claims, the initiator must attach some documents to the appeal. Their type depends on the reason for the appeal. In the case of inadequate quality of services, this may be an expert opinion or a notice of work. Such a list is not exhaustive. A person, at his discretion, may attach other supporting documents to the application.

If the appeal to the management company did not give the expected result, then the person has every right to resolve the dispute in court. To do this, you will need to file a claim.

Absence in living quarters

According to general rules, the temporary absence of residents may be a reason for recalculating utility bills. However, in the case of ODN, things are somewhat different. In case of temporary absence of tenants, only their individual expenses can be recalculated. The amount of common house needs will not be changed. Such a rule is specified in paragraph 88 of the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of May 6, 2011 No. 354.

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