During a thunderstorm, impulse noise often occurs on the network. They can also be observed when the transformer breaks down. To protect electrical equipment in the house, special SPD devices are used. They are installed in shields of different configurations.

The difference between the modifications lies in the value of the parameters of the output voltage, threshold frequency and conductivity. The standard model consists of a block and contacts. Resistors are installed in various types. The modulator in the devices is connected to the transceiver. This element contains conductors, as well as a triode. In order to learn more about SPDs, it is necessary to consider the principle of operation of the model.

Principle of operation

There are various surge protection devices on the market. Their principle of operation is based on a change in conductivity. To do this, the device has contacts. The threshold frequency is stabilized by the modulator. The triode plays the role of a conductor. When voltage is applied to the output contacts, the current conductivity parameter changes. If we consider devices with an expander, then their contacts are installed on the plate. The change in the position of the elements is carried out due to the operation of the resistor.

Wiring diagram for devices of the first degree

Surge protection devices of the first degree are suitable for PB series switchboards. In this case, a transceiver is used to connect the models. The output voltage should be 14 V on average. Clips are used to connect contacts. The threshold conductivity parameter is on average 4.5 microns.

Before connecting the SPD, the total resistance in the circuit is checked. The specified parameter for devices of the first series is 50 ohms. Also, modifications of this type are suitable for shields of the CP type. They are installed in many residential buildings. Connection to the shield occurs through the transceiver. The parameter of the total resistance in the circuit should not exceed 55 ohms. For shields of the PP series, the device is not suitable due to the high current conductivity.

Application of second degree modifications

Surge protection devices of the second degree are devices that are connected to the PP series switchboards. In this case, the connection is made through conductors. If we consider modifications on expanders, then modulators are used with a lining. Before connecting the equipment, the output voltage on the stabilizer is checked. The specified parameter fluctuates around 13 V. The expander is used of a two-pin type.

If we consider the shields of the PP20 series, then they have an insulator installed. A grid triode is used to connect the SPD. Most often it is used on It is also important to note that the PP21 series shields have integral rectifiers. These elements are necessary for the conversion of current.

Third degree protection devices

Surge protection devices of the third degree are suitable for shields that use a feed-through type dinistor. The equipment is received through the damper. Contacts for connection are selected with a copper lining. The total resistance parameter should be about 40 ohms. If we consider the shields of the PP19 series, then the thyristor is used with an amplifier. In some cases, modifications are available with capacitor resistors.

Elements of the specified type are connected with and without an adapter. If we consider the first option, then varicaps are taken of a variable type. The indicator of the total resistance is on average 30 ohms. If we consider the second option, then varicaps are allowed to use a variable type. The threshold overload parameter of devices is about 3 A. It is also important to note that the models use magnetic filters.

Single-pole modifications RN-101M

Single-pole surge protection devices - what is it? These devices are contact blocks that are suitable for AC networks. They are often connected to transformers that use a high voltage relay. Devices are rarely used in residential buildings. The difference between the models also lies in the rectifier. It is used on a damper basis. The total resistance parameter is on average 22 ohms.

It is also important to note that the output voltage is around 200V. Contacts are used inside the device as well as a modulator. The plates are most often installed in a horizontal position. The transceiver for connection is selected linear type. Many modifications are equipped with tetrodes. For their normal operation, converters are used. Most often they are made with a rectifier.

Wiring diagram for bipolar modification RN-105M

Two-pole surge protective devices may be connected via pentodes. The total resistance parameter should be 40 ohms. It is also important to note that the contacts of the device are connected directly to the dinistor. Many elements use a comparator. The specified element makes it possible to install a rotary regulator.

For shields of the SR series, the model is suitable. In this case, the conductivity depends on the SPD modulator. If it is used of the integral type, then the above indicator is on average 2.2 microns. Also, models often have a duplex modulator installed. The conductivity parameter in the circuit is on average 3 microns.

Application of ABB series models

ABB surge protection devices are often installed in residential buildings. If we consider shields of the PP type, then the capacitors are connected through an expander. The modulator is directly connected to the damper. In many cases a rectifier is not required. If we consider a shield with a lining, then a triode is used for the normal operation of the device. The specified element is able to work only with a magnetic filter. The current conductivity parameter in the circuit is about 4 microns. The total resistance indicator is 40 ohms.

ZUBR D40 series devices

D40 surge protection devices - what is it? These devices are blocks in which contacts are located. They are suitable for shields that have an operational type transceiver. The modulator is connected to the device through a comparator. The conductivity parameter is on average 5 microns. It is also important to note that the modulator is allowed to be connected without a lining. In some cases, a damper is used. This element plays the role of a stabilizer.

The transceiver in the shield is connected to the contacts. If we consider the shields of the PP20 series, it is important to note that they have an adapter. The specified element is often installed with a regulator. To connect the SPD, a pulse capacitor is required. The specified element must have a conductivity of 6 microns. The total resistance indicator is on average 12 ohms.

Scheme of the device of the ZUBR D42 series

The use of surge protection devices of this series is very limited. They are suitable for high voltage transformers. The contacts of the model are used with plates. Snubbers are used to connect the device to high voltage equipment. If we consider electrode modifications, then the connection is carried out thanks to the triode. There are also modifications with operational dampers. They have a phase type regulator. For shields of the PP series, this model is not suitable.

Application of ZUBR D45 series models

It differs from surge overvoltages of the specified series by high conductivity. His contacts are installed on the plates. Varicap in this case is used with a lining. The filters of the model are wired. Suitable for PC series enclosures. The modulator is connected through a transistor. The total resistance parameter should be about 20 ohms. It is also important to pay attention to the output voltage.

If you use a damper, then the indicated parameter is on average 12 V. Also, dinistors are often used in the PC series shields. In such a situation, the output voltage does not exceed 15 V. Also, the SPD of this series can be connected to PP19-type shields. In this case, the damper is of a multichannel type. The dinistor is used without filters. The modulator is connected to the network through a transistor. The output conductivity parameter should be about 4 microns. The total resistance indicator lies in the region of 40 ohms.

TESSLA D32 series devices

Devices of this series are produced with feed-through modulators. Their contacts are of a movable type. For shields of the PP20 series, this device is often used. The modulator is connected via an expander. Most often it is used with a converter. To solve problems with increasing frequency, a tetrode is installed.

If we consider the shields of the PP10 series, then they have a kenotron. The specified element is installed on two or three outputs. In the first variant, the modulator of the device is connected through a damper. Its output conductivity parameter is 3.3 microns. The total resistance in the circuit is 30 ohms. If we consider the second option, then a dinistor is required for the SPD.

Diagram of the TESSLA D35 series device

It is a compact and high voltage surge protection device. The connection diagram of the modification involves the use of a damper. If we consider shields of type PP19, then it is used of the electrode type. The dinistor is used with lining. Filters can be installed through passage or network type. The SPD modulator is connected via an expander.

The device is also suitable for PP20 series shields. Comparators in them are of variable type. The modulator in this case is connected with a zener diode. The output conductivity parameter is on average 3.5 microns. The total resistance indicator is about 45 ohms.

Application of TESSLA D40 series models

The surge protection device (SPD) of this series is suitable for transformers that have a resistor installed. The modulator is connected to the equipment through a damper. Most often, filters are used in the feed-through type. The output conductivity index is on average 3 microns. The total resistance parameter does not exceed 55 ohms. Transistors in devices of this series are used without plates. In total, the model has three pairs of contacts. The output connector is located at the bottom of the structure. The model is not suitable for PP series shields.

VC-115 series devices

Surge protection device (SPD) of the specified series is connected without lining. For shields type PP20, the model is suitable. The modulator can be connected through a damper or dinistor. The first option requires a rectifier. The filter is of the pass-through type. A rectifier is needed to increase the threshold frequency. If we consider a circuit with an expander, then it is possible to normalize the output frequency only due to capacitors. The output conductivity parameter averages 4 microns. The total resistance in the circuit is 40 ohms.

Schematic diagram of the VC-122 series instrument

The surge protection device of this series is suitable for step-down transformers. Also, the model is actively used in shields of the RS series. First of all, it is important to note that the model uses a high-voltage modulator. Its output conductivity parameter is 2 microns. For shields RS19, the model is suitable. The modulator in this case is connected through the lining.

Filters are allowed to use only through-type. If we consider the shields of the PC20 series, then they have a damper. The expander for connection is used magnetic type. It is also important to note that 200 V step-down transformers cannot be used.