In construction or repair work carried out at a height, you cannot do without scaffolding. A construction tool can be rented while you work, but it is not cheap, especially on long renovation projects. Having calculated the required height and configuration, the scaffolding can be designed independently.

The purpose of the scaffolding is the possibility of delivering building materials to a height and the safety of builders staying there during work. For this, the structure must be stable, durable, with a lifting, lowering and protection mechanism. Wood or metal is best suited for scaffolding.

Scaffolding consists of several elements:

• support frames are a frame, it bears the main load;
• decks (scaffolding) on \u200b\u200bwhich builders and working material are located;
• handrail to protect against accidents;
• stops - for a stable position;
• struts (diagonal and horizontal) - for the strength of the struts and an even distribution of weight;
• ladders for ascent and descent.

If you decide to make scaffolding, then you will have to choose from two materials: wood or metal. In the first case, you will have a disposable design that anyone who knows how to work with wood can make, and in the second, it is reusable, but also quite easy to make. In this article we will tell you how to make scaffolding with your own hands from metal (shaped pipe), as well as from wood (boards), we will demonstrate diagrams, photos and video instructions.

Although metal or wood is mainly used for the manufacture of scaffolds, they can differ in the method of fastening, and, accordingly, have different functional elements in their design. So, let's consider the main types of forests.

Component elements are connected with a special wedge fixing. Scaffolding of this design is highly reliable. They are able to withstand quite heavy loads. Moreover, they are easy to use, they are quickly assembled and disassembled. The use of wedge scaffolding is especially important in the construction and lifting of heavy materials and units.

The main element of this design is a rigidly mounted frame. Mostly they are used for painting or plastering work. The frame in this design is connected with horizontal posts and diagonal braces due to nodal connections. The main advantage of frame scaffolds is their low cost. Their construction will not require large investments.

In these woods, the knot of the joint, as its name implies, is the pin. This type of scaffolding is very popular with builders as it is very easy to assemble and disassemble them directly on the construction site. It often takes a day or two to assemble scaffolding. In this case, assembling the pin scaffolds will not take much time.

If the object being renovated has a complex configuration, then yoke scaffolding is an excellent solution. The fastening method used is professional. And for their manufacture, the height and size of the working area, the distance between the tiers and the pitch of the racks play an important role. All this is selected individually at each facility.

We suggest you familiarize yourself with a simple guide to making scaffolding from boards. To do this, follow a few simple sequential steps:

• Parallel to each other on a flat area, lay out 4 racks or boards. Their size should immediately correspond to the height of the scaffolding.
• The racks are connected to each other with horizontal jumpers, on which the flooring will later be laid.
• Place the prepared 2 frames horizontally opposite each other, tie them diagonally and horizontally with boards that will serve as ties.
• On horizontal screeds, lay the flooring of the boards and attach it to the lintels with self-tapping screws.
• Attach the railing to the racks and fix the ladder.

If it is necessary to lengthen the structure of the scaffolding, connect several similar sections of boards together. Boards are stuffed on support posts.

When assembling wooden scaffolding, if nails are used, it is recommended to pre-drill the holes so that the boards do not split.

Design

All forests are composed of the following elements:

• racks;
• diagonal and horizontal struts (they add spatial strength to the structure);
• lintels for flooring;
• plank flooring on which a person will stand;
• stops (to create the stability of the scaffolding and prevent them from falling away from the wall);
• a protective element (so that a person standing on the flooring does not fall down);
• ladder (stepladder) to climb to the desired level of the scaffolding.

Of wood and planks

There are quite a few tips on how to make scaffolding on the Internet. Moreover, the recommended designs differ mainly from each other only in the thickness of the board and the size of the scaffolding themselves. So that you do not get confused in all this "diversity", try to focus on the following values:

Getting started:

1. Prepare the necessary materials in advance:

• boards with a thickness of at least 50 mm and a width of 100 mm (or round timber, or a beam of 10x10 cm) - for racks and stops;
• boards for spacers and fences 30 mm thick;
• boards for lintels and flooring 50 mm thick;
• nails (screws in this case are less reliable).

Photo instruction

We bring to your attention a series of photos on how to make your own wooden scaffolding:

From a profile pipe

Now about how to make scaffolding (collapsible) from metal (dimensions of one section: height - 1.5 meters, width 1 meter, length 1.65 meters). Determine the number of sections based on the required height of the scaffolding.

1. Prepare the necessary materials:

• for racks - profile pipe (square section) 30x30 mm - length 1500 mm;
• for spacers - a pipe with a diameter of 15 mm;
• for connecting inserts (adapters) - profile pipe 25x25 mm;
• make the flooring from boards 40-50 mm thick and 210-220 cm long.

• for diagonal elements - 2 meters each;
• for horizontal elements connecting the posts from the sides of the structure - 96 cm each.

"Pros and cons"

Firstly, scaffolding is not a small construction scaffold, but rather a cumbersome structure that will need to be stored somewhere after the need for it disappears.

Wooden scaffolding, of course, can then be disassembled, but this work is laborious, and the boards, if you do not need them in the near future, must also be folded somewhere. Remember that wood scaffolds are assembled with nails, not self-tapping screws, so the boards will no longer be completely intact. In addition, when working on scaffolding, wood is often stained with mortar or paint.

Homemade metal scaffolding can not only be disassembled, but also rented out in the future.

Secondly, non-prefabricated scaffolding is designed to work at the maximum level of the second floor (from the ground). At higher altitudes, the exploitation of self-made forests becomes dangerous.

Thirdly, scaffolding is rarely required (only for repairing the facade of a building), so the assembly and disassembly of such a temporary structure is not profitable in terms of the time spent on this work.

Fourthly, scaffolding often has to be made long (for example, at least 6 meters for siding installation). Accordingly, their weight increases, and rearranging home-made wooden scaffolding to the other side of the house becomes a problem even for three or four people.

It is worth thinking about forests even at the design stage of a house.

If you do not plan to carry out the facade work yourself (but are going to hire a construction team), then you do not need to think about scaffolding, since builders usually come to the site with their scaffolding and scaffolding.

However, at the end of construction (and after some time), scaffolding may be needed for small facade repairs. Can this be avoided?

Sure. And to begin with, make sure that the facade of your house does not require renovation for many years. To do this, it is enough to use facing bricks when building walls. Now it is produced by many manufacturers and at the same time in a fairly large range of colors.

But other facing materials (such as siding, plaster and others) will periodically require your attention and, accordingly, additional costs, since you will not be able to make scaffolding (buy or rent) for free.

Video

From this video you will learn how to make scaffolding for apartment renovation:

Photo

The photographs show various scaffolding designs:

Schemes

The diagrams will help you design your own scaffolding:

When building or renovating, work often has to be done at a height. It will be inconvenient to produce them using a ladder. For these purposes, you can assemble scaffolding with your own hands. There are different design options, which are selected based on the nature and complexity of the work. Which type of product is better to choose, how to assemble it or make it yourself, you can read in this article.

Scaffolding is widely used in repair and construction. This is an indispensable attribute when performing interior and exterior finishing works at a certain height. The size and design of the scaffolding depends on the nature and complexity of the installation. The main purpose of this building element is to create a comfortable and safe working environment. This increases work efficiency and saves time and effort.

Regardless of the type of construction, scaffolding must be reliable and durable, taking into account the location of people, materials and tools on them. The product should be placed on a prepared, firm and level area. The structure should be located at a distance of no more than 150 mm from the wall for outdoor use and no more than 100 mm for indoor use.

Useful advice! In the case of using the structure for a long time, it is necessary to provide ditches for draining rainwater from the site so that the soil is not washed out from under the racks of the device.

Scaffolding consists of the following elements:

• racks;
• diagonal and horizontal struts, which impart spatial strength to the structure;
• lintels for flooring;
• stops designed to ensure the stability of the structure and prevent it from falling;
• plank flooring where a person will stand;
• a protective element to protect the employee from falling down;
• stepladders or ladders to climb to the required level.

The width of the flooring should be at least 1.5 m. The height between the tiers should be at least 1.8 m. Between the boards and the boards, slots with a width of no more than 10 mm are allowed. If a continuous flooring is created, the boards can be overlapped along the length, having previously beveled the ends of the elements.

Useful advice! When performing outdoor renovation and construction work, it is recommended to use a facade scaffolding mesh, which will prevent workers, materials and tools from falling. It will also provide protection from the sun, dust, wind gusts and precipitation.

Depending on the composition of functional elements and the option of their fastening, all scaffolding is divided into four types: wedge, clamp, frame and pin. Structures are attached, rack-mountable and collapsible. The exception is scaffolding, where frames are used instead of vertical posts. There are also suspension devices that can be installed not only on the ground, but also attached to the building. These include clamp, cup and wedge scaffolding.

What material is scaffolding made of: product photos

Scaffolding - the photos clearly show different options - can be wooden, galvanized, steel and aluminum. The last option is the lightest and most mobile, it is advisable to use it for indoor or outdoor work at a low height. The strongest and most durable are steel structures that are easy to repair, which cannot be said about aluminum scaffolding. Galvanized products are also durable. Their main advantage is resistance to corrosion, so this is the best option for outdoor work, where they can stand for a long time in adverse weather conditions.

The price of scaffolding made of steel and galvanized steel will be much higher than that of analogues made of other materials. Moreover, such structures are the most heavy, which complicates their transportation. However, such forests are able to withstand not only people, but also the necessary tools and materials. Therefore, steel and galvanized structures are used most often for large-scale construction and installation work.

Today, metal structures from the Dmitrovsky Scaffolding Plant are very popular. The products are characterized by high strength, reliability, durability and reasonable cost.

In addition to metal scaffolding, wooden products are often used, which are simple and economical in execution. They can be easily made independently from scrap materials. However, this design is more cumbersome. Despite the fact that it is collapsible, like other analogs, the boards, due to the fact that they will be stained and damaged by nails, can hardly be used for other events. Such a product is designed to perform work at the maximum level of the second floor.

Frame folding scaffolding: the price of products

Frame-type scaffolding is the cheapest and easiest option to operate. The structure includes ready-made elements from welded hollow pipes in the form of vertical frames, supports, horizontal and diagonal ties. Due to the fact that a lot of metal is not spent on the manufacture of elements, the structure is characterized by light weight, quick installation and disassembly.

The assembly of frame scaffolding is carried out using flag fasteners or clamps. Such designs are used both for interior decoration of premises and for external plastering and painting works of buildings with a simple facade. Due to its low weight, in the scaffolding, you can easily change the sectioning, as well as transfer them to another place.

You can buy frame scaffolding of one of the types: LRSP-30, LRSP-40, LRSP-60 and LRSP-100, where the numerical value indicates the maximum installation height. However, the structures differ not only in size, but also in the diameter of the pipes and the thickness of the walls of the constituent elements. The first two types are produced with a diameter of 42 mm and a thickness of 1.5 mm, and the other two - 48 and 3 mm, respectively. The price of frame scaffolding starts at 125 rubles / m².

The structures can be equipped with wheels, which facilitates easy movement of the unit on flat ground. The standard dimensions of the product are as follows: section height - 2 m, length - 2-3 m, passage width - 1 m.

Installation of scaffolding scaffolding: sequence of actions

Shoes and wooden spacers are installed on a prepared, rammed, level platform. The screw supports can be positioned as required. Adjacent frames of the first tier are placed in the shoes with their subsequent connection by diagonal and horizontal ties. In three-meter increments, the next two frames with ties are placed. The process is carried out until the creation of frame lightweight scaffolding of the required length. On the edges of the structure, railing frames are mounted with the subsequent installation of the stairs.

Important! Support surfaces must be located strictly in a horizontal plane.

Next, they proceed to the installation of the second tier, which is also connected by ties, however, the diagonal elements are staggered relative to the previous row. Here you can use the crossbars on which wood floorings are laid. To move people between the tiers, inclined stairs are installed in the places reserved for hatches.

Frame scaffolding scaffolding is attached to the wall in a staggered manner in 4 m increments using hooks with bushings or plugs with clamps or brackets attached to the scaffold frame posts. The above steps are carried out until the required installation height is reached.
On the safety and working tier there are longitudinal and end connections of fences, which are mounted in the place where there are no diagonal ties. Forests are installed along a plumb line. Dismantling demountable scaffolding is carried out in reverse order, starting from the top row.

Mobile scaffolding on wheels

The most profitable option for quick repairs is the tour scaffolding, which is considered a type of frame installation. The design is robust and easy to assemble. The mobility of the installation is provided by wheels located at the base of the vertical supports. A significant advantage of the tour tower is the presence of a jack in the device design. The height of the product does not exceed 20 m. The loading capacity of the installation is 300 kg / m².

The structure is made mainly of aluminum, which makes it light and easy to move. Less often you can find steel tours with high strength and reliability, but characterized by reduced mobility due to their high weight.

Tower-tours are actively used in the installation of air conditioners, lighting, video surveillance, banners, billboards, cornices, wall and balcony decoration, repair of gutters and roofs. There are two types of construction: non-collapsible telescopic and collapsible. In the first version, a special mechanism is provided, thanks to which the tour is extended to the required height. This type is used indoors.

For outdoor finishing or repair work, demountable towers are used, which have a more complex structure with supports and diagonal ties. Each subsequent section is built into the supports of the lower module on the bushings, resulting in an overall design. With an installation height of 1.3 m, the structure is equipped with handrails and sides. Today you can rent a tower or buy scaffolding, the price of which is in the range of 150-200 rubles / m².

Mobile scaffolding on wheels should be used in cases where it is necessary to frequently change the installation location. Special brake screws are used to fix the structure in place.

Clamp scaffolding: design features

This type of scaffolding is the most laborious to assemble, since each connection of vertical supports with horizontal, diagonal and transverse ties is carried out using special clamps, which are tightened with a wrench. Fasteners can be blind or rotatable. Depending on this, the connection of the racks can be made at a right or any angle, respectively. Due to the fact that a large number of fasteners are required for the installation of a structure, clamp scaffolds are the most expensive.

Useful advice! When assembling the structure, you can combine clamps, which will create the installation of the desired configuration.

Due to the presence of diagonal ties, the structure is strong, reliable and stable. However, this is the most difficult option for scaffolding to install and disassemble.

The main advantages of the design are the ability to manufacture an installation of any shape and the expediency of combining it with another version of the auxiliary rack-mount steel structure. Such a structure is mounted along the perimeter of a building of any configuration, even in the presence of protruding elements. The device can be used for inclined structures.

Related article:

What materials are used to insulate a wooden house. Do I need to insulate the foundation. The best modern technologies for insulating wooden houses.

Manufacturers produce various versions of clamp-type scaffolding, differing in the maximum installation height, which can be from 30 to 80 m.The standard width of the scaffolding is 1-1.5 m, the tier spacing is 2-2.5 m. These parameters vary depending on configuration of the structure. The maximum load on the structure is 150-250 kg / m. The unit can be bought or rented. The price of scaffolding starts from 250 rubles / m2. Rent will cost 80 rubles. per m2.

Useful advice! Clamp scaffolding is recommended for creating stages and stands.

Wedge mobile scaffolding

This structure is created from functional elements using a special wedge fixation. Flanged pipes are used as vertical components, pipes with holders are used for horizontal components. To make the installation more mobile, it is recommended to equip it with special wheels. Such scaffolds are characterized by strength and reliability. When installing the unit, you can change the direction angle of the connecting elements, which creates multi-level structures of various configurations.

Manufacturers produce wedge scaffolding in the following dimensions: section height - 2 m, length - 2-3 m, passage width - 1-3 m. The structure can have heights of 60 and 100 m. The installation is capable of withstanding a heavy load of up to 500 kg / m2, therefore used during the construction of complex objects in the case when heavy units and materials are being lifted.

Useful advice! To ensure the safety of people who may be near the construction site, it is recommended to buy a scaffolding net designed to enclose the facade of the building.

The scaffolds are easy to use, but require laborious installation. The design is characterized by its versatility, due to which it can be used not only in the construction of buildings, but also in the construction of stages, stands, awnings, overpasses. It is an irreplaceable installation in ship and aircraft construction. The cost of the construction starts from 425 rubles / m². You can rent scaffolding for 85 rubles / m².

Pin Type Collapsible Metal Scaffolding

Such designs are very popular on construction sites due to the easy and quick installation and disassembly of the unit. As a connection point in the scaffolding, pins are used, which are located on the bearing supports. They fit into the holes in the connecting element pipes. The installations are characterized by strength, reliability, rigidity, stability, wear resistance and durability. They can be used many times, easily transporting from place to place disassembled.

Due to its high load-bearing capacity, the structure can withstand a significant amount of heavy building materials. Such forests are used in areas with difficult terrain and during construction and installation works of structures of a curved configuration. The disadvantages of the design include the large weight of the installation, which is associated with a significant amount of metal.

Today, the sale of pin-type scaffolding of the following varieties is carried out:

• LSH-50 - up to 50 m high, sectional 2 m high, 1.5-3 m long, 1-2 m wide;
• ЛСПШ-2000-4 - 40 m high, 1.6 m wide passage, 2 m high sections, 2.5 m long;
• E-507 - 60 m high, 1.6 m wide passage, 2 m long and high sections.

You can buy a structure from 519 rubles / m². Also, some companies offer to rent the installation. The price of a square meter of scaffolding is 90 rubles / square meter.

DIY wooden scaffolding

If you want to save money, and you have wood materials at hand, then you can create a structure yourself. Before making scaffolding with your own hands, you should study the requirements for the product so that it is durable and reliable.

The distance between the vertical posts should not be more than 2.5 m.The installation height reaches 6 m.The width of the flooring can be any, but not less than 1 m.It is important that not only a person can fit on it, but also the tools and materials necessary for work ...

For supports and racks, use wooden beams with a section of 100x100 mm and boards - 50x100 mm. The thickness of the products for the spacers should not be less than 30 mm, and the thickness of the flooring - 50 mm. For stiffeners, you will need products with a thickness of 25 mm. Thin boards can be used as enclosing elements. To create a reliable structure, it is necessary to use exclusively construction nails. Self-tapping screws are not able to create a reliable connection.

Useful advice! When installing wooden scaffolding, you should take care of their convenient disassembly. For this, it is not recommended to hammer in the nails completely, and you can also use a wooden spacer between the element of the structure and the head.

After the equipment of the installation is prepared, they begin to assemble it. The work starts with large functional elements. Two beams are laid on a horizontal surface at a distance of the length of the structure so that the tops of the elements converge slightly, which will add stability to the installation. For example, if the distance between the lower ends is 3 m, then between the upper ends there should be no more than 2.6 m. Sidewalls are attached to the inner side of the supports, which are the basis for the decks. A similar operation is done with the other two bars.

Useful advice! The side cross members must be of different lengths to result in a pyramidal structure.

The sides are positioned vertically and tilted towards each other for stability. The position is fixed with long transverse nails. To prevent the scaffolding from falling on the wall of the structure, it is recommended to make the crossbars with an allowance of 20-30 cm.

The racks are installed at a distance of 2-2.5 m, depending on the thickness of the boards used for the flooring. The elements are attached to each other using slopes, thanks to which the structure does not fold to the side. The more jibs and crossbars, the stronger and more reliable the scaffolding is made by hand. If the height of the structure is more than 3 m, it is necessary to additionally fix it so that it does not fall forward. For this, jibs are installed, which, on the one hand, are nailed to the beams, and on the other, they are buried in the ground.

The final stage is the installation of the flooring to the transverse beams. You can also add barriers over each platform to increase safety. If you add crossbars to the side elements, a staircase is formed. To give the structure stability, the ends of the supports should be sharpened and buried in the ground.

Attachable scaffolds and construction gantries

Attachable scaffolds are used for simple finishing works where lightweight materials are used. Wooden structures lean against the surface of the building wall and are held by a stop. Although the unit looks unreliable, it is convenient and safe to operate. There are two options for the execution of the attached scaffold: traditional and Armenian. The first installation is simple and reliable, however it is not height adjustable. It can be used for filing roof overhangs, installing gutters and other works that are characterized by a small variation in height.

Armenian forests are produced from the minimum amount of materials, easily and quickly assembled, moved and disassembled. The main thing is to make triangles, raise them to a given height, arrange them in 3 m increments and prop them up with inclined beams that are fixed in the ground.

For exterior decoration of single-storey buildings and for work on gables, construction racks are used, where the flooring is laid on wooden beams. Installations are also used in cases where nothing can be supported on the walls. The structure is not cumbersome and light, it can be moved to the desired location.

The construction goat is a four-legged wooden structure resembling the shape of the letter "A", the height of which reaches the height of a master. The number of spacers can be arbitrary. Conventional awnings are used to connect the upper ends of the supports. The legs are fixed with stops. On one side, the stand can be made vertically, without inclination. This will allow you to install the structure closer to the wall, which is convenient for painting, caulking or preventive treatment.

Thanks to the many options for scaffolding, it is possible to select the structure required for specific work. When choosing a product, it is important to take into account not only its cost, but also the features of the terrain, the surface to be treated, the timing of the work. Based on this information, it is easy to choose your type of construction for each case.

Traditionally, metal or wood is used for the installation of scaffolding. Timber structures are only suitable for one-time work. They have a simple structure, so anyone with basic woodworking skills can handle their assembly. Metal fixtures are reusable and collapsible, they can be reused on other objects. If you have the tool and knowledge of metal processing, it will be very easy to assemble scaffolding with your own hands.

Scaffolding types

In addition to the type of material, scaffolds differ in functionality, method of fastening and construction. On these grounds, designs are divided into several main groups.

Wedge

A special wedge lock is used to connect the parts of the structure. Such devices are very reliable and, most importantly, durable. Their rigidity can withstand heavy weights and mechanical loads. It is very easy to assemble wedge scaffolding with your own hands, and most importantly, after disassembly, they are as easy to assemble as the first time. This design greatly speeds up and facilitates lifting of large loads and materials.

Framed

The basis of the frame scaffolding is a rigid frame in the form of a frame. Such devices are used in finishing and painting works. Horizontal and diagonal scaffolding elements are connected by means of nodal fasteners. The advantage of such scaffolding is in their low cost, they allow you to create a convenient device without high costs.

Pin

The details of the pin scaffolds are held together with metal pins. Such structures are most often used in ordinary construction work due to the fact that they are more convenient to assemble on site. The time for assembling pin scaffolds depends on the length of the object, as a rule, the process does not take more than a day.

Clamp

For buildings of an unusual, complex structure, yoke scaffolding is used. Parts of the frame are connected in a specific way, which is very popular in professional construction. An important characteristic in the installation and construction of drawings of such scaffolds is the step between the posts and the crossbeams. This distance is chosen depending on the configuration of the building and its dimensions.

General structure of forests

Regardless of the type of connection of parts of the structure and its type, all scaffolding consists of similar elements, such as:

• vertical ribs (racks);
• diagonal stiffeners (make the whole structure strong)
• horizontal crossbars;
• lintels for decking;
• boardwalk for moving workers;
• stops that give the device stability and prevent it from falling back and forth;
• protective fencing to protect workers from falling during work;
• ladder for moving between the rows.

The number and size of the elements varies depending on the scale and complexity of the object. To facilitate the assembly of scaffolding, you can build a schematic drawing.

Plank woods

Perhaps, many builders and professionals have their own tricks for assembling and designing scaffolding, there are also many similar instructions on the Internet. Most of the structures do not differ in anything other than the size of the posts and the thickness of the flooring. To understand such instructions, you should be guided by several dimensions:

• the step between the racks is made at 2-2.5 meters;
• the average width of the deck is 1-1.2 meters;
• the structure should not be higher than 6 meters.

Compliance with these rules will create functional and safe forests. To design scaffolding with your own hands, you will need:

• boards for thrust structures and beams 5-10 cm wide, you can use square and round beams;
• material for spacers and protective structure 3 cm thick;
• boards for lintels and wood flooring - 5 cm thick;
• nails (self-tapping screws in such structures are not recommended).

After preparing all the materials, you can start assembling. First, at a distance of 2-2.5 meters, 4 posts are fastened; to connect them, diagonal struts are used on all four sides. Then, at the required level, the jumper boards are mounted, and the floorboards are attached to them. For protection, a fence board is installed on the posts. The final stage is the installation of supports and the installation of the stairs to go to the top of the scaffolding.

When assembling scaffolding from boards, the following nuances should be considered:

• racks and supports are attached in parallel, their location is checked with a building level;
• horizontal jumpers are used to attach the racks to each other;
• crossbars can be stuffed onto the safety railing for better protection.

To lengthen wooden scaffolding, several sections are used; boards are used to fasten them. Fastener boards are stuffed directly onto the supports.

Advice! Often, when fastening with nails, the wood cracks at the places where the fasteners are immersed. To protect the boards from such damage, it is worth drilling grooves in the places where nails will be driven in.

Metal profile scaffolding

Metal products are more convenient if you plan to engage in the construction of several objects. They can be disassembled and assembled at any convenient time in a new place. To mount the simplest scaffolding with your own hands (150 cm high, 100 cm wide and 165 cm long), the following instruction is suitable:

At the end of the work, it is enough to remove the bolts and disassemble the scaffolding into frames. The service life of such a structure is ten times longer than the service life of wooden scaffolding. And with proper care, they can last for many years.

Pros and cons of different designs

Construction devices are convenient when creating an object, and after the end of the work, the issue of their storage is acute. Even when disassembled, the structure takes up a lot of space.

Wooden fixtures can be collapsible, but this is not easy, especially if the boards have been fastened with nails. And even plank forests need to be stored somewhere. In addition, small cracks and crevices remain in the places where the nails are attached, which will contribute to decay. Often, solvent or paint remains on such structures.

Advice! If you have collapsible metal scaffolding left after construction, you can sell them at a good price or rent them out.

Self-assembled scaffolding is not suitable for large projects. As a rule, they are intended for buildings with 1-2 floors. The exploitation of forests at high altitudes is dangerous.

Such structures are used infrequently (for repair or decoration of facades), therefore their installation is not always appropriate. Painting work can be done without scaffolding.

Often, scaffolding is made with a length of 6 meters, which increases their weight and cost. Such a structure will be problematic to transfer from place to place, and its disassembly and assembly will take a very long time.

Alternative to scaffolding

The scaffolding assembly and design should be considered even before building a house. If you will hire specialists for finishing and repair work, then you should not even think about how to make scaffolding. Usually professional teams have a full list of equipment and tools, including scaffolding.

Often, when scaffolding is dismantled and after construction, scaffolding remains idle and is thrown away or sold. However, they may still be required for repairs or finishing work. There are many other construction aids that can replace traditional scaffolding.

Before dismantling or renting out the scaffolding, it is worth making sure that the facade is in the proper form. Do not save on finishing work, otherwise you will have to restore the decorative layer. Brick is considered one of the most durable and easy-to-maintain facing materials. Today you can find many varieties of this material, differing in color, size and texture.

Typically, other finishing materials (plaster, paint and panels) will need frequent repairs, which will result in significant costs. To do this, you will have to hire a brigade or rent forests. If you have your own design from a profile pipe for finishing work, you can significantly save on cosmetic repairs. For storage of such a structure, you can take a separate room or build a simple shed.

The height of a person is less than the height of the house, so it is impossible to lay walls or finish the facade without scaffolding or scaffolding. These designs allow you to work safely at height and make it possible to always have a supply of consumables at hand.

Builders have their own terminology used to refer to such fixtures.

They call forests long and high structures. Scaffolds "goats" are usually called low portable tables, which can accommodate no more than two people.

If you have to lay the walls, insulate, repair or decorate the facade, then think in advance about what kind of scaffolding or scaffolding you will need for work. For our part, we will tell you about how to make scaffolding with your own hands strong and stable, saving a lot of money on their rental.

Scaffolding design options

Despite the wide variety of types of scaffolding, their structures contain elements of the same purpose:

1. Vertical struts (take the workload and transfer it to the ground).
2. Diagonal and horizontal ties (provide spatial rigidity of the frame).
3. Lintels (short side scaffolding elements on which the flooring is laid).
4. Flooring (boards knocked down between themselves, serving as a working platform for builders).
5. Stubborn mows (prevent forests from tipping over).
6. Railings (protects workers from falling).
7. Ladders (used for lifting and lowering from work sites).

The material for assembling scaffolding and scaffolding is traditionally wood or metal... A wooden structure is cheaper than steel, but it can withstand no more than two or three re-assemblies. After that, it is only suitable for firewood.

Metal scaffolding is several times more expensive than wooden scaffolding, but there are no restrictions on the number of cycles of use. They are easy to dismantle and move to a new location. Their design allows to build up additional tiers in the course of work, increasing the working height.

If your plans include the construction of several residential buildings and outbuildings, then it is better to make homemade scaffolding from profile metal. If high-rise work will be carried out only once and at one object, then it is more profitable to assemble a structure from beams and boards.

Features of making wooden and metal scaffolding with your own hands

Before starting the procurement of parts for assembly, a schematic drawing should be made and the main dimensions of the structure should be put on it.

There is no need to fantasize here, since the construction practice has already determined the optimal dimensions of the scaffolding:

• maximum structure height - 6 meters;
• distance between racks from 2.0 to 2.5 meters;
• working floor width - 1 meter.

Ergonomics has established that maximum productivity is achieved when the hands of the builder are 30-40 cm below chest level during work. Therefore, jumpers for installing the first flooring must be placed at a height of 40-50 cm from the ground level. This saves you the hassle of hammering together a low scaffold.

It is better to provide fastenings for the flooring of the second level at a height of 180-200 cm. The third flooring is placed at the level of 360-400 cm.

If you decide to make a structure from boards, then buy the following set of lumber and fasteners in advance:

• For cutting racks and thrust braces - a beam with a section of 10x10 cm or boards with a width of at least 10 cm and a thickness of 5 cm.
• Spacers, ties and railings can be made from edged board "thirty".
• For the flooring and lintels on which it will lie, boards 4-5 cm thick will be required.

When choosing between nails and self-tapping screws, keep in mind that nails are more difficult to remove when dismantling the scaffolding. Self-tapping screws, on the other hand, are quickly unscrewed from wood with a screwdriver. However, they work worse than nails for fracture, since they are made of brittle hardened steel. Therefore, for the manufacture of small scaffolding, it is possible to recommend the use of nails, and for long and high structures - self-tapping screws.

Scaffolding from boards is collected in the following order:

• on a flat area parallel to each other lay 4 racks of timber or boards, cut "to size" according to the height of the scaffolding;
• the posts are connected with horizontal jumpers on which the working floor will be laid;
• the two obtained frames "ladders" are placed vertically one against the other and connected with diagonal and horizontal ties;
• plank flooring is placed on the horizontal lintels and fastened;
• scaffolds are fixed on two lateral abutments;
• railings are nailed onto the racks, a ladder is attached and fixed for climbing.

If there is a need to install two or more sections of wooden scaffolding, then they can be tied together with wide pieces of boards, stuffing them onto adjacent racks. To prevent nails from splitting short boards, drill holes in them before hammering.

Profile pipe scaffolding in their design they are similar to wooden ones. The difference between them lies in the use of adapters. They are used to increase the number of storeys in a metal structure.

A set of blanks for assembling one section includes the following elements:

1. Profile pipe 30x30 or 40x40 mm for uprights and lintels (4 sections of 1.5 m and 4 sections of 1 meter).
2. Thin-walled round pipe with a diameter of 20 mm (4 sections of 2 meters for diagonal ties).
3. Profile pipe 25x25 mm or 35x35 mm (8 sections of 10 cm for the manufacture of adapters and thrust bearings). For the manufacture of handrails, you can take the same pipe - 1 piece 2 meters long.
4. Steel plates 10x10 cm with a thickness of 2-3 mm (4 pieces) for thrust bearings;
5. 10 bolts with nuts and washers for connecting diagonal braces to each other and fastening them to the frame posts.

The assembly of a single-level section of metal scaffolding consists of several operations:

• to the assembly board (OSB sheet) with clamps, the scaffold stands are rigidly fixed (high accuracy when working with metal is a very important factor);
• horizontal jumpers are welded to the racks;
• adapters from pipe scraps are inserted into the upper ends of the racks by 5 cm and fixed by welding;
• removing the racks with jumpers from the assembly panel, they are turned over 90 degrees and in this position they are again fixed to the panel with clamps;
• the ends and middle of thin-walled pipes intended for diagonal stretching are flattened with a hammer and drilled into holes for bolts;
• tightening the two diagonal ties in the middle with a bolt, they are placed on the racks and mark the places for drilling holes;
• the ties are fixed to the uprights with bolts and tightened with nuts;
• holes are drilled on the posts and railings for bolted connections;
• plates (thrust bearings) are welded to the pipe sections;
• the assembled structure is placed vertically and thrust bearings are inserted into the lower ends of the pipes;
• on the side jumpers the flooring is laid from the board "forties".

Helpful advice: to prevent the longitudinal displacement of the flooring, steel corners 30x30 mm must be screwed to its bottom at the point of contact with the lintels.

Diagonal ties must be fixed on one side of the scaffolding, and horizontal ties on the other, so that they do not interfere with each other during assembly.

If the installation of scaffolding is carried out with the build-up of the section of the third tier (4.5 meters), then holes must be made in its racks for fastening the profile pipe of the persistent cut, which protects the structure from falling.

In the lower and upper part of the posts of each section, it is necessary to drill holes for bolted connections with other sections (when building scaffolds in length).