home - Electricity meters
Carl Jung's theory of dreams. TO

Carl Gustav Jung

The Swiss psychoanalyst Carl Gustav Jung (1875–1961) began as a student of Freud and later became his equal partner (Fig. 3.2).

Figure: 3.2. Carl Gustav Jung

Many current events, according to Jung, remain as if behind the scenes of consciousness. In other words, we do not notice them. In memory, they are nevertheless fixed and manifested during night dreams. Jung showed this relationship between daytime and nighttime brain activity in the study "Meaning, Function, and Analysis of Dreams." Continuing his thought, we can say that intuition plays a significant role in the work on setting up a dream. When we analyze the plot of a dream, it becomes clear what exactly we did not notice, missed, or what was unpleasant for us, and therefore forgotten. Sleep is a form of thought expressed through symbols and images.

Scientists have differently explained the processes of interaction between consciousness and subconsciousness. Jung took a very common example: “Have you ever forgotten something? They just remembered this, but the thought suddenly flew away somewhere? " The psychoanalyst believed that the thought did not disappear, but simply went to the unconscious level and became part of intuition. If you stop thinking persistently about something, the right word or name suddenly pops up from the subconscious. This is one more proof that thoughts do not disappear, our subconscious continues to work on them. It solves not one, but several problems at once from images, thoughts, events that impressed us, emotions.

With conscious experience, everything is clear. However, how to explain new thoughts, ideas, solutions appearing "out of nowhere"? What about premonitions and ingenious judgments? These reflections led Jung to an innovative idea: the subconscious is the source of future experiences and ideas. For the time being, our psychological experience is in its infancy. Similar events, random phrases, or even smells can bring new psychological experiences to life - fresh ideas and original discoveries. The assertion that from the subconscious one can not only learn the lessons of the past, but also find material for the future, has caused many controversial disputes.

If Z. Freud believed that dreams are not accidental and are directly related to conscious life, then CG Jung, on the contrary, was of the opinion that intuition, which manifests itself in a dream, often leads to false conclusions. Subsequently, the Swiss psychoanalyst stopped using the method of associations proposed by the teacher. The argument in favor of this choice is as follows: analogies lead away from the motives of dreams. To get a decent interpretation, you need to examine the content of the dream. After all, it is precisely night dreams that are, according to Jung, that unique that serves as an expression of the unconscious essence of our "I".

What will help you understand the signals of the psyche? Only my own experience. To decipher his dream, the psychoanalyst suggests thinking hard and focused on it. In this case, you can get closer to the most reliable guess. The change in views, of course, affected the research method as well. Thanks to Jung, many scientists began to use an approach that consisted not in the analysis of individual symbols, but in the holistic perception of the dream. The interpretation of the dream was now based on only an explicit and fairly understandable plot, or rather, part of it. Night dreams are not unlimited, Jung reasoned, and therefore the peculiar shape of the picture that we see closes the main material from us. Free flight of fantasy and countless associations lead us away from the truth. Only a persistent return to the main plot will help to understand the essence. It is important to constantly ask yourself the question: "What did I dream about?"

From the book Secrets of Dreams author Schwartz Theodor

Carl Gustav Jung The Swiss psychoanalyst Carl Gustav Jung (1875–1961) began as a student of Freud and later became his equal partner (Fig. 3.2). Figure: 3.2. Carl Gustav Jung Many current events, according to Jung, remain as if behind the scenes of consciousness. In other words, we are not

From the book Tibetan SS Expedition. The truth about the secret German project author

From the book A critical study of the chronology of the ancient world. East and Middle Ages. Volume 3 author Postnikov Mikhail Mikhailovich

Charles of Anjou and the End of the Roman Republic See, pp. 749-752. Innocent IV's statement that he would not tolerate even the children of Frederick on the throne was not forgotten by his successors. And Frederick's heir Manfred did nothing to make peace with the papacy. On the contrary, he continued

From Herolda's book "Ancestral Legacy" author Vasilchenko Andrey Vyacheslavovich

Appendix I Karl Konrad Ruppel GENERAL SYMBOLS Foreword There is no more brilliant document about the original connection between family and home than these generic symbols on buildings. V.G. Rill ... Thus, everyone could afford to take care and honor their part of the received

author Dugin Alexander Gelevich

FINIS MUNDI № 3 GUSTAV MAYRINK - BREATH OF BONES Mr. Imperial Life-Medic sat absent-mindedly behind a bottle of Miller, in the womb of which an electric table lamp gave birth to flashes of ruby \u200b\u200bsparks. From time to time raising his head, he saw in the door mirror a second

From the book Finis Mundi. Radio recordings author Dugin Alexander Gelevich

FINIS MUNDI No. 16 Karl Haushofer - Continental Block "With full sail they lowered the ship Into a strait full of reefs and rocks. In a storm. They plucked out the victory song too early, But they lost. Their defeat was our defeat. And at the other end of the strait the helm fell of our

From the book Noon of the Magicians. Occult rebuilding of the world by Neuegard Otto

Chapter 20 Carl Jung, the Occult Internet and the World of Dead Life Overseas So, the tangled traces left by the organizers of the strike on America in the labyrinths of politics and the occult led us into a huge, poorly lit cave, above the entrance to which the inscription "MYTH" is engraved. AND

From the book Palmistry and Numerology. Secret knowledge author Nadezhdina Vera

Karl The meaning and origin of the name is ancient Germanic - "brave, courageous." These are people with pretensions, they are talented in many fields of art. Karl is a strong, uncontrollable person. They know how to be convincing, influence others without violating the psyche.

by Reading Mario

Subject "Great" King of Sweden Gustav II Adolf Date: December 9, 1596 Quatrain 3/94 De cinq cent ans plus compte lon tiendra Celuy qu'estoit I’ornement de son temps: Puis? un coup grand clart? donrra Que par ce siecle les rendra trescontens. They will keep it for five hundred years. He was the standard of his era. Suddenly everything will be extreme

From the book of Nostradamus: Good News. The prediction of a famous soothsayer by Reading Mario

Theme King Charles I of England Date: 1649 Quatrain 4/49 Devant le peuple sang sera respandu Que du haut ciel ne viendra esloigner: Mais d'un long temps ne sera entendu L'esprit d'un seul le viendra tesmoigner. Blood will be spilled in front of the crowd, Blood will not be far from heaven, But for a long time no one will hear a soul

From the book Crowned on the Cross author Khodakovsky Nikolay Ivanovich

JESUS \u200b\u200bNAVIN AND KARL THE GREAT Fomenko and Nosovsky make an interesting conclusion about the identity of the biblical Joshua and Charlemagne. They write that the biblical Joshua is known as Charlemagne in Western European history. In other words, the biblical account of Jesus

From the book Great mystics of the XX century. Who are they - geniuses, messengers or swindlers? author Lobkov Denis Valerievich

by Swami Suhotra

Popper Karl English philosopher of Austrian origin (1902-1994). He taught philosophy of science at the University of London. The most famous works: "The logic of scientific discovery", "The open society and its enemies", "Assumptions and refutations." Popper was convinced

From the book Shadow and Reality by Swami Suhotra

Feyerabend Paul Karl (1924–1994) American philosopher of Austrian origin, representative of the philosophy of science. He put forward the idea of \u200b\u200bscientific anarchism. According to his views, the condition for the development of science is proliferation [reproduction]

author Knoch Wendelin

cc) Karl Rahner, German contribution [to the doctrine of inspiration] Karl Rahner SJ (1904-1984) is also among the most important theologians of the 20th century. Already in 1958 he presented his dissertation on the inspiration of the Holy Scriptures. Karl Rahner in his reflections strives to

From the book God in Search of Man author Knoch Wendelin

c) Karl Rahner Karl Rahner SJ (1904-1984) in his extensive and thematically varied works assigns "tradition" a very significant place. Christology opens the way to the meaningful filling and appreciation of the tradition. God's revelation about Himself in Jesus Christ as

The human brain is a unique organ that has not been fully understood. He works tirelessly from the moment of our birth, and "turns off" only after death. During sleep, hidden areas of the brain are activated, thanks to which we receive information in the form of images, but it will be difficult to decipher without the necessary knowledge. I have always believed that dreams are not just a storyline that the brain projects on the basis of experienced events, but the subconscious mind transmits important signals. Jung's dream book fully confirmed my theory and taught me to correctly decipher the information received.

The history of the creation of the interpreter

Carl Gustav Jung was born in Switzerland in 1875, the son of a Reformed church pastor. Having matured, he did not want to follow in his father's footsteps, but decided to inherit his grandfather and great-grandfather, who were doctors. Jung entered the University of Basel and successfully graduated from the Faculty of Medicine. Then, in 1900, he went to Zurich, got a job in a psychiatric clinic, where he worked for 6 years as an assistant to the respected psychiatrist E. Blair.

During his practice, Gustav developed the method of free association, on the basis of which analytical psychology was created. This direction in depth psychology contributed to its development as a science. In addition, Jung's discovery influenced a number of other scientific fields, for example, cultural studies, ethnology, and pedagogy.

The turning point in Gustav's life was his acquaintance with Freud, with whom he collaborated for 5 years. The young psychiatrist in his work often relied on the knowledge and experience of his more competent colleague, but over time his opinion began to change. After numerous studies, Jung discovered flaws and inconsistencies in Siegmund's statements, so he began to work in a completely different direction to prove his own theories and assumptions.

Over the years, Gustav wrote many books, reviews and dissertations, but one of his most popular publications was the interpreter of dreams. It was based on the theory of the existence of the individual and collective unconscious in the human psyche. Moreover, in the first it is a reflection of the personal qualities and characteristics of each individual, and in the second - the experience and knowledge of previous generations. In other words, dreams contain important symbols, called archetypes, which contain important information transmitted by the subconscious to the human mind.

For ordinary people, the meaning of archetypes is incomprehensible, because they are usually associated with mythology and ancient history. That is why during sleep you can see completely absurd things that are actually full of meaning. Correct decoding of symbols and plots can tell a person a way out of the current life situation, and also tell about the near future.

Description of the dream book

According to Jung, dreams are an important part of our life, because they help restore emotional balance and develop mental functions. But, in addition, they can help find answers to important questions, and even warn about any event that will occur in the near future. The main thing is to learn how to correctly recognize the symbols seen in dreams, which, according to Gustav, have an exclusively individual meaning for each person.

Jung studied dreams and archetypes for over 50 years, and came to the conclusion that the pictures he sees are usually mythical images related to a particular ancient people. Naturally, if a person is far from history and mythology, then he cannot understand the information that the subconscious is trying to convey.

The Swiss psychologist divides dreams into 2 types:

  1. Objective. The plot relates directly to the person and reflects real characters. For example, a father is a father, a sister is a sister.
  2. Subjective. It personifies one of the aspects of the dreamer himself, his character traits, or previously unknown aspects of the personality.

If the interpretation of the first type of dreams is extremely clear, then difficulties may arise with the second. Moreover, Jung argues that not every person is ready to accept what he sees, because some plots can be frightening. For example, a dream of a mad killer attacking people indicates the dreamer's sadistic inclinations and murderous impulses. In addition, Gestalt therapists believe that such hidden aspects of the personality are evidenced not only by personalities, but also by inanimate objects.

Gustav gave the following examples of archetypes of subjective dreams that reflect a certain side of the personality:

  1. A persona is an image that the dreamer shows to others, but he is not his real self.
  2. Shadow is a weak part of nature, provoking negative aspects of character, such as anger or envy.
  3. A child or an angel is the true self of a person, vulnerable and spontaneous. Not infrequently indicates a high hidden potential of the individual.
  4. A sage can be a priest, a pilgrim, or a father. This archetype symbolizes wisdom and fortitude.
  5. Great mother - appears in dreams in the form of a mother, witch, queen or princess, and indicates fertility, development and growth, both personal and career.

Knowing what this or that archetype means, a person will learn to recognize the hidden attitudes of his subconscious, and also activate the previously disabled aspects of his personality. Thus, he will achieve a holistic understanding of his own "I" and will gain complete control over his subconscious and life in general.

Despite the fact that Gustav in his dream book assigned a universal meaning to some symbols, he believed that when interpreting dreams, it is necessary to take into account the entire plot seen and the personal situation of the dreamer. In this case, a person will be able to find answers to his troubling questions, and understand how to improve his current situation.

Analysis of dreams. What for?

Dreams and their competent analysis -cool assistants on the path of knowing yourself and increasing our awareness, obligatory companions not only our personal growth and our inner work, but also Awareness Beauty or Mindful Beautywhich inevitably lead:

  • To increase the energy level. Gradually, it becomes easier for us to let go and forgive the people who hurt us, to let go of our limiting beliefs about the world.
  • Makes this process of self-knowledge and personal growth much more accessible (to write "easy" the hand did not rise :)). We all know that this process is always fraught with difficulties, but it brings bonuses.
  • To a deeper experience of the surrounding world and its Beauty, to an expansion of consciousness and a deeper understanding of the events taking place with us and our reactions to them.
  • To a positive change in your environment. As you become more aware, you begin to choose people and partners that are close to you in spirit.
  • You will quit your boring job and you will definitely find your passion and purpose, in general, you will start doing something that will stick you in a non-childish way :).




Dreams and their symbols as interpreted by K.G. Jung (even imagining him somehow embarrassing, we already know everything about him, love his works and respect) are messengers and markers of personal transformation and inner work, in other words, they are synchronized with deep subconscious processes and can tell us what is happening with us really happens!

To improve the memorization of dreams, it is recommended to start a special journal, keep it on the bedside table, in order to immediately record them upon waking. Over time, this useful practice will lead to memorizing more and more dreams and their details, they will become more colorful and interesting. Your subconscious mind will begin to talk with you with pleasure :), and according to the testimony of many enthusiasts, you can even realize in a dream that you are sleeping and change the course of dreams at your discretion. If anyone is interested, write, I will gladly share what I know about this and my experience in more detail.

Now again about symbolism: of course, dear K.G. Jung always emphasized that there is no single universal interpretation of dreams, and everything is purely individual. And yet…

12 symbols of dreams and their interpretation from the point of view of the Jungian approach:

1 . CHASE, they are chasing you - something in your life needs your attention.

We remember these dreams easily, they make us anxious and fearful. Such events in dreams signal to us, as a rule, about what we are internally working with, the subconscious mind gives a hint that something requires closer attention, which you do not pay attention to, but should be.

2. PEOPLE - in fact, these are characteristics of our personality.

People in a dream are symbols of representations of yourself or characteristics of various aspects of your own, help us understand which ones need closer attention and in which direction we should lead our inner work. Seeing specific people can indicate interpersonal issues and conflicts that you need to work through.

3. HOUSE - the dreamer's consciousness.

There are several levels of consciousness that make up our mind. And its different parts are different aspects of the psyche. For example, the basement may represent something that is not given due attention, or is not confidently recognized by the dreamer in real life; the bedroom can be translated into our language as intimate thoughts, feelings and memories. Activities in the home means the dreamer's activity in interpreting information and ways of using the structure of consciousness.

4. FOOD- KNOWLEDGE.

In the physical world, food feeds our bodies. In the world of dreams, food is a representation of the nutrition of our minds, in other words, knowledge. Food dreams can also be interpreted that the mind is "hungry" and looking for new ideas and knowledge.

5 SCHOOL - TRAINING.

When a school or class appears in your dream, or you dream of typical school events, such as, for example, passing a test, in fact this means a process of internal learning, and can be interpreted as the need to understand something from a situation, in the past or present, or indicates that you have some need for introspection.

6. NUDE - sincerity and openness, quite possibly excessive.

When someone sees himself or another naked in a dream, it means that a certain aspect or emotions of the dreamer are currently being expressed openly and without restrictions, to the point that the dreamer feels insecure.

7. SEX - sexual expression or union and creation.

When sex is dreaming, it can represent a recognition, acceptance by the dreamer of his unconscious desires and emotions, in other words, some kind of acquired integrity. Dreams about sex can also symbolize the creation of new intimate relationships with others or with yourself. Although in many cases, sexual dreams are just an outlet for energy.

8. CARS - to give or receive EXPERIENCE.

Vehicles in a dream symbolize means for overcoming what is happening in our conscious life, how much we control life or what we encounter along the way, events and obstacles that occur. The type and size of the vehicle also plays a role: the ambulance will indicate the need for treatment, the police car will indicate the need for discipline.

9. CHILD - new.

Dreams about a child symbolize a new idea or development, or the potential for growth in a specific area of \u200b\u200byour life.

10. DEATH - drastic changes.

In the language of reason, death is usually a transition from one state to another. Although many perceive death in a dream as a terrible or negative event, it tends to be correlated with an abrupt change or transition that occurs in the dreamer's life.

11. ANIMALS - the dreamer's habits.

Given that the function of animals is mainly based on instinct, having animals in sleep is a representation of our habits. When we dream of animals, it can be invaluable in understanding our daily routines as well as our deepest desires. The type of animal, what it does and its habitat can all be used to interpret what our unconscious is signaling to us.

12. THE FALL - return to wakefulness.

Usually, if you fall while sleeping, it symbolizes the process of returning to a state of awareness or waking consciousness. It often indicates that you do not feel able to control a certain aspect of your real life or are afraid to let go of something or someone from your life.

Analysis of dreams and increasing awareness in a dream is one of the most effective practices for "breaking through into another dimension" of our life and transforming situations, the basis for wonderful changes, but it is important to enjoy them and not allow yourself to fall into the interpretation and endless analysis of eventfulness, replacing them with life itself, and most importantly, its incredible Beauty!

To everyone who is on the difficult path of working with themselves, I express my deep respect and support! :)

And I wish all of us a good mood! :)

Part I Symbols of dreams according to K.G. Jung

BUS -social life of the individual.

CAR (passenger car, new car, foreign car)Ego, a person controlled by the mental authorities of a person.

HELL (underworld) - the darkness of the Unconscious.

ACACIA is a symbol of vitality, rebirth.

ACROBATICS (acrobat) -1) resolution of a critical situation, exemption from conventions; 2) striving for mastering superhuman capabilities.

ALCOHOL - 1) subversion of prohibitions and taboos; 2) the release of creative powers.

DIAMOND- a symbol of hardness, strength.

ALTAR (altar, throne for the performance of the sacraments) -1) the place where sacrifices are made as gifts to the deity in order to propitiate him, receive his favor and mercy; 2) the place of burial, but at the same time of rebirth, transformation of death into eternal life; 3) symbolic submission to the power of the subconscious (divine instructions of the Self).

ALPINISM (climbing a mountain, climbing rocks) -1) the desire to surpass oneself, to rise above oneself, dictated either by a complex (feeling) of inferiority, or by a feeling of subconscious guilt and self-criticism in connection with unacceptable actions in real life; 2) a warning that a person is engaged in risky ventures, "walks along the edge of the abyss."

AMETHYST- a symbol of hardness.

ANGEL - 1) the same as the deity (power of a positive character); 2) employee (manifestations)Super Ego; 3) keeper, helper of the soul, personality; 4) the aspect of the fourth highest stage of development of the Animus; 5) manifestation of the Self; 6) the image of the evangelist St. Matthew.

ANDROGIN (hermaphrodite, bisexual bisexual creature, Adonis, Balder, Tammuz, Lieber) - bisexual (bisexual) aspect of the Self, the Great person; duality in unity.

ORANGE is a symbol of fertility, love and the Sun.

ARA (parrot) - a symbol of fire, sun.

ARKA - the same as the threshold.

ATHLETE (athlete, bodybuilder, strongman, Tarzan, Mowgli, brawny movie hero) - the first, primitive stage of development of the Animus (a purely erotic image).

ATOMIC (NUCLEAR) EXPLOSION - an image of mental dissociation (splitting of consciousness), madness.

AFRICA - 1) the personification of dark, chthonic maternal forces in the subconscious; 2) the area of \u200b\u200bdark witchcraft and superstition; 3) a symbol of savagery, barbarism; 4) the cradle of humanity.

AEROPLAN is an intermediary between the worlds (the otherworldly lower, our middle and transpersonal higher), that is, the symbol-substitute for wild birds (transcendence).

BUTTERFLY (insect) - a symbol of the soul, Psyche.

LUGGAGE - 1) inclinations, abilities, plans; 2) loss of baggage - anxiety, self-doubt.

CANOPY- a symbol of power.

BARAN (sheep) -1) the symbol of Christ (the lamb of God); 2) the symbol of the Egyptian god Khnum - the creator of the earth and people; 3) a symbol of reproduction, sexual fervor.

WHITE CLOTH - sacrificial garment, shroud.

WHITE (color, coloration, albino) -1) godliness, holiness; 2) purity, innocence, purification; 3) freshness, coolness, youth; 4) truthfulness, clarity; 5) the color of the moon; 6) the color of the world is Albedo.

TURQUOISE- a symbol of renewal, rebirth.

TWINS- duality, duality, contradictions.

GOD (Supreme, Lord) -1) Creator, Creator of all being, including man; 2) father, parent: 3) authority (often adamant and indisputable); 4) Super-Ego (Super-Self) , conscience; 5) Self, the highest authority - the archetype of the soul, human personality.

GODDESS OF NATURE AND LOVE (Demeter-Ceres, Persephone-Libera, Aphrodite-Venus, Isis, Astarte-Ishtar, Inanna, Derketo, Cybele, Maya) - 1) Self (for women); 2) positive anima (the highest aspect).

MOTHER OF GOD (Virgin Mary, Mother of the gods, Kuan-Yin, Shakti, Great Mother, Cybele, Isis, Astarte, Hera, Gaia, Mother Earth) - 1) the third, spiritual level of development of the Anima (the highest for most men); 2) Self (in women).

GOD-MAN (Christ, Krishna, Mithra, Hermes-Trismegistus, Buddha) - Self (in men).

DEITY- 1) archetypes, forces of the subconscious sphere, inner motives of the deep nature; 2) manifestations of the Self.

SICK KING (sick, aging, decrepit) - the image of emptiness and boredom, mental throwing in search of oneself - the initial stage of individuation.

BIG HOUSE (building with a lot of rooms and corridors) - ignorance of one's own spiritual dimensions and the ability to realize them.

BEARD- 1) a symbol of wisdom; 2) Blue beard - a symbol of horror, atrocities and base sexuality.

BULL- 1) man, masculinity, masculine sexuality; 2) fear of incest (in women) with the father; 3) the animal principle in man; 4) 350 bulls of Helios - 350 days a year (according to the Greek calendar); 5) Apis - the god of fertility, the life force of the supreme Egyptian god Osiris - the sacred bull, between the horns of which the sun disk is placed; 6) Minotaur - half-bull, half-human, monster, the product of an unnatural connection (bestiality, bestiality) of a woman and a bull; 7) the image of the evangelist St. Luke.

WITCH- 1) Anima (negative image); 2) Shadow (for women).

Giant (giants and giantesses)- 1) parents and adults from childhood memories, authorities; 2) lack of a sense of proportion, unbridled attraction.

GREAT PERSONALITIES (conversations with them, communication, vision of their exploits and achievements) -1) an inferiority complex, belittling one's own merits and abilities; 2) latent megalomania, suppressed pride, self-aggrandizement.

WREATH- a symbol of reward, success.

SPINDLE- 1) phallic symbol (dangerous aspect); 2) the symbol of time.

HELICOPTER- an intermediary between different worlds - lower, middle and upper - the planes of being, a symbol of transcendence (a substitute for wild birds).

LIBRA- 1) attribute of the Greek goddess of fate and retribution, Nemesis; 2) a symbol of the balance of good and evil, control of actions.

WIND -1) the breath of nature, space; Vital energy; 2) emotional excitement, inconstancy, vanity.

BRANCH- a symbol of immortality, rebirth, life.

WINE- 1) divine revelation; 2) the blood of Christ.

WATER- 1) a symbol of life; 2) the unconscious; 3) a symbol of purity, a means of purification.

DRIVER (charioteer) - mind, I AM , a conscientious person.

AIR- life force, emanation of the Spirit, spiritualization.

WAR (fight, fight, fight) - internal disagreements, struggle Ego and Id .

STATION (railway station)- 1) the primitive image of the Self, the center (psychic), where all roads converge; 2) the place of departure on a journey, a trip (i.e., the initial stage of individuation); 3) the place where the external world and the internal one, consciousness and subconsciousness are connected, come into contact.

WOLF- a symbol of cruelty, insatiability, unbridled libido; dark aspect of personality.

HAIR- 1) a symbol of instinctive forces, a product of our relationship with animal nature; 2) a symbol of freedom (shaved head - lack of freedom, slavery, imprisonment).

The raven- 1) the creator of people in Indian myths (probably the image of the totem - the ancestor of the tribe); 2) the messenger of the man who survived the flood (Noah), who does not return, carried away by devouring the drowned; 3) the deputy (among the Indians) of the angry gods, who caused the flood, destroyed the human race, and then created new people; 4) in Indian mythology - a godlike hero; 5) one of the images (incarnations) of the patron spirit among shamans; 6) an analogue of a hare (coyote) - a character of the 2nd cycle of myth, a cultural hero, a transformer and a cunning one.

ASCENT- the same as lifting.

HARBOR- family hearth, home haven.

GALLERY- the subconscious, the area of \u200b\u200bthe Unconscious, It (Eid) .

Gargoyles- the personification of vices and hostile forces that prevent a person from entering the sanctuary.

HERMAPHRODITE- the same as Androgyne.

HERO (exploits of the hero, his wanderings and adventures) - the process of individuation, development and acquisition of individual self-awareness under the auspices of the Self (wise mentors and powerful patrons of the hero); the symbolic death of the hero - the individual's attainment of maturity 1) Hero is an evolving entity ( Ego, I ); 2) The hero is an aspect of the second stage of the development of the Animus.

GUILLOTINE (guillotine, decapitation) - rejection of the habit of "living only with the head, mind", from the tendency to bias towards excessive intellectualization, mental activity to the detriment of sensuality, spontaneity, feelings and emotions.

EYES- cognition, vigilance, supersensibility.

DECEARER (bandit, gang leader, mafia, gangster, robber, chieftain, criminal, villain)- 1) Shadow (for a man); 2) Animus (negative aspect).

BLUE (color, coloration)- 1) spirituality, cosmic spirit, truth, spirituality; 2) innocence, peacefulness, tranquility, well-being; 3) the color of Jupiter.

DOVE- 1) a symbol of peace; 2) a messenger about the end of the flood, who brought an olive branch in his beak to the surviving man (Noah); 3) a symbol of the human soul (columbariums - dovecotes were called storage urns with ashes after cremation); 4) a symbol of the Holy Spirit, divine wisdom.

MOUNTAIN (peak, steep)- 1) sacred place, sanctuary, object of worship (cult of heights); 2) heights Ego (I) ; 3) the top of the mountain - the center of the Universe, the navel of the Earth; 4) high steepness - danger.

HORSE (ugly girl) - a symbol of the Anima, which must be freed from the "spell" that disfigured her by awakening her soul.

MOUNTAIN PASS- a transitional state of consciousness, leading from the previous type of thinking to a new one.

TOWN- 1) an expressively located city, the desired goal of searches, travel is the image of the Anima, which a person is looking for in the depths of his psyche; 2) the capital is a symbol of wholeness, Self, psychic center; 3) a symbol of mother, maternal strength and protection.

STATE (king, lord) - an intermediary between God and people, the guarantor of peace and harmony.

GARNET- a symbol of fertility, abundance.

GRIF (bird)- 1) maternal origin; 2) spiritual motherhood, virginity.

GROTTO- the same as the cave.

Female breast) - a symbol of tenderness, protection; maternal archetype.

PEAR- a symbol of sensuality, eroticism.

Rodents- transcendental symbols of the depths of the psyche.

DIRT (sewage, slush, garbage)- 1) a symbol of decay, decay, lower instincts, the world of Nigredo; 2) an inert beginning.

GOOSE- a symbol of alarm, warning ("geese saved Rome").

DAL (view from afar, distant panorama) - events of the distant past, length of time, memories from childhood.

DOOR (doors, sashes, gates)- 1) hope; 2) transition, transformation; 3) open - communication; closed - isolation, secrecy.

PALACE- 1) three levels of the psyche - It, I and Super-I ; 2) a three-level center of the world - heavenly, earthly and underground.

VIRGO- a symbol of purity and integrity.

NINE (number, digit) - a magic (sacred) number, meaning the perfect form of the ideal Trinity in its three-level ascension.

DEMON (demon of death, king of trolls, evil genius, villain, Bluebeard, demonic personality)- 1) negative, destructive animus; 2) unconscious irresponsible and selfish attitude towards men in a woman fixated only on her own pleasure.

DEMONS (demons, devils) - negative, worst aspects of the subconscious, negative complexes, neuroses.

WOOD(plant, trunk with branches)- 1) the tree of life and immortality, and the tree of the knowledge of good and evil (the tree of knowledge and death); 2) the symbol of the female deity - the Great Mother; 3) a symbol of death and sacrifice (crucifixion of Christ on a tree); 4) a symbol of evolution and spiritual growth, mental development (old, powerful and ancient tree); tree growth is a process of individuation; 5) the dwelling place of spirits, deities (dryads, goblin, etc.).

DEFECTION(bowel movement) - mental release from complexes, feelings of guilt.

JUNGLE- the subconscious area where animals live (animal instincts).

RAIN(shower) - 1) the sacred union of heaven and earth; 2) a symbol of purification, stress relief, increasing the fertility of the earth; 3) a heavy downpour causes a deluge, a flood.

HOUSE(building in general)- 1) body, organism, person; 2) facade - Person, Face, Mask.

HOUSE WITH PROJECTIONS (balconies, bas-reliefs, stucco molding, loggias, visors, porticos) - woman.

HOUSE WITH SMOOTH WALLS (skyscraper, tower) - the man.

PRECIOUS STONE- 1) an external sign of wealth and position; 2) the symbol of the Self.

DRAGON (Serpent Gorynych) -1) the sphere of the Unconscious, containing primitive energies and drives; 2) the spirit of evil; the battle with the dragon - growing up, the formation of personality (the release of the maiden - the release of Anima).

OAK- a symbol of longevity, strength and endurance.

SMOKE- darkening, eclipse of consciousness.

UNICORN -symbol (rare) of Christ; a symbol of purity, faith and intuition; dream symbol.

TOAD -1) an animal associated with transcendental, otherworldly forces; 2) animal servant of witches, sorcerers; 3) the embodiment of chaos.

LARK- youthful ardor, glee.

IRON- a symbol of firmness and reliability.

YELLOW (color, coloration) - 1) science, observation, analysis; 2) wealth, envy, jealousy; 3) dream, fanaticism, courage; 4) joy, closeness, youth; 5) the sign of Mercury.

PEARL- a symbol of perfection, longevity and abundance.

WOMAN- 1) Anima - the feminine principle in a man; 2) the manifestation in the male character of the female essence, as well as its inherent traits, that is, the subordinate (masochistic) nature of attachment to others (especially women); 3) a woman, a partner.

WOMAN- SPHINX (princess who makes riddles) - negative Anima, involving a person in a destructive (and meaningless from the point of view of reality) intellectual game.

VOLCANO VOLCANO (crater)- 1) a symbol of female genitals; 2) psychotrauma, which left a deep trace in the memory; 3) a sacred place of religious worship (among primitive tribes).

ANIMALS- archetypes, conscious and unconscious drives, instincts.

ANIMALS (allies, friends and assistants of man; fabulous, magical animals)- 1) the instinctive aspect of the Self, which helps the personality in solving the tasks facing it, in overcoming difficulties; 2) totems among the natives; 3) zoomorphism.

ANIMAL DEMON (werewolf, pagan idol) - 1) a symbol of a negative impulse, repressed instinctive drive (sexual or aggressive) from the depths It (the unconscious sphere of the psyche), capable of causing a strong affect or neurotic symptom; 2) zoomorphic image of a deity.

PRIESTESS- Anima (dual negative-positive image).

BUG- 1) black - negative (devilish) qualities of the soul; 2) a creature that changes skin, that is, a symbol of immortality, renewal, rejuvenation; 3) the golden beetle (Scarab) - the sacred symbol of the Egyptian god of the Sun Amun-Ra (more precisely, Kheper - the rising sun); 4) May beetle - the personification of fun, relaxation.

BACKYARD- undisclosed, spiritual potential of the psyche.

CASTLE (building)- 1) protection, shelter; 2) difficulties in the process of personality formation; 3) a deaf, mysterious castle - the subconscious.

LOCK(door) - mercy.

ZARYA (sunrise) - the release of the element of the Unconscious.

HARE (rabbit, coyote) - 1) the character of the 2nd cycle of the myth, acts as a transformer, the founder of human culture; a social being correcting his instincts and infantile desires; this is the stage of early adolescence, the period of puberty, which is characterized by reckless courage, submission to discipline; the person is still weak, but is fighting for his growing up and inclusion in adulthood in order to become socially responsible, sacrificing his childishness; the later stage of the cycle - late adolescence, youth, ready in its idealism for self-sacrifice, for excessive risk, having passed which, the person will overcome the border of youth, entering maturity; 2) a false messenger of the gods, due to carelessness, or malicious intent, of which the important news of the gods for a person turned out to be perverted in meaning; 3) a symbol of fertility, fertility.

STAR- 1) a symbol of psychic transformation, a spiritual beacon; 2) an inverted star - a sign of Satan, a symbol of lust and primitive instincts.

STAR OF DAVID (star of Solomon, hexagram, two intersecting triangles)- 1) the combination of spirit and matter; 2) the connection between masculine and feminine principles; 3) the union of God and the soul; 4) a symbol of mental integrity, the Self; unity of opposites - the union of a personal, transitory world Ego with an impersonal and eternal world not Ego (consciousness and subconsciousness), but here integrity is not as a result, but as a process of becoming.

BEAST (wild) - 1) repressed, coarse desires, passions, instincts; 2) a relic of totemism - identification with an animal (totem); 3) zoomorphic images of gods.

GREEN (color, coloration)- 1) nature, growth, hope; 2) health, active will, perseverance, constancy.

LAND (soil, ground) - a symbol of motherhood, fertility and rebirth.

MIRROR (look in the mirror) - the ability of the subconscious to objectively "reflect" the personality, revealing the inner essence of a person.

SNAKE (serpent, dragon) - 1) dual symbol: wisdom, healing and aggression, fear; 2) a symbol of the god of medicine Aesculapius (Asclepius) and, thus, a symbol of therapy, healing, healing; 3) a symbol of transcendence, a representative of the underworld (subconsciousness, depths of the psyche), an intermediary-psychopomp between heaven and earth (between consciousness and subconsciousness); 4) a symbol of a demon-tempter, an evil insidious spirit, the devil; 5) the most cunning animal on earth; 6) a symbol of immortality (shedding of the skin and rejuvenation); 7) false messenger of the gods, the Creator of being; 8) the embodiment of wisdom; 9) Ureus is a symbol of power (of the Egyptian pharaohs); 10) attribute of the Egyptian goddess of life, health and fertility of Isis; 11) Attribute of the Roman goddess of wisdom Minerva; 12) Urboros - a snake biting its tail, coiled into a ring, a circle is a symbol of psychic wholeness, the Self; 13) the symbol of Kundalini (Shakti) - sexual energy in tantrism (tantra yoga), located at the base of the spine (coccyx) and represented in the form of a snake coiled in three and a half turns. From the book Symbols of Sacred Science author Guénon Rene

Axial symbolism and symbolism of transition 50. Symbols of analogy To others it might seem strange that we are talking about symbols of analogy, because if, as is often said, the symbolism itself is based on analogy, then every symbol, whatever it may be, must be expression

From the book The Forgotten Language author Fromm Erich Seligmann

III The Nature of Dreams Views on the nature of dreams have varied greatly from century to century and from culture to culture. Do people believe that dreams are real events that occur with a soul devoid of a bodily shell in a dream, or do they believe that dreams are inspired by God or by evil

From the book Semiotics of the culture of everyday life author Makhlina S.

Chapter 8. Semiotics of Dreams Dreams are the language of the night. When we fall asleep, we see the mysterious creatures of the mysterious world. Often they were interpreted as messages of the gods and with their help they tried earlier, however, as quite often in our time, to find out the fate of individual

From the book Humanistic Psychoanalysis author Fromm Erich Seligmann

The Nature of Dreams Views on the nature of dreams have varied greatly from century to century and from culture to culture. Do people believe that dreams are real events that occur with a soul deprived of a bodily shell in a dream, or do they believe that dreams are inspired by God or by evil

From the book Symbolism of dreams, myths and mysticism author Baikov Eduard Arturovich

Eduard Baikov Symbolism of dreams, myths and mysticism (Depth psychological

From the book Philosophy. Book three. Metaphysics author Jaspers Karl Theodor

Part II Symbols of dreams according to Z. Freud ABAZHUR - male genitals; simple design - the normal functioning of the genitals, pretentiousness - an inferiority complex. ABORDAZH (seizure of a ship, fortress) - a symbol of sexual intercourse (either desire for coitus, or fear

From the book The Greatness and Limitations of Freud's Theory author Fromm Erich Seligmann

4. Interpreted Symbols and Visible Symbols - Once we begin to trace the meaning with thought, separating the meaning from what it means, we only find ourselves in the endlessness of universal symbolism. Everything can mean everything. This is throwing back and forth in

From the book Freud's Theory (collection) author Fromm Erich Seligmann

From the book Leader's Practice author Meneghetti Antonio

From the book Quantum Mind [The Line Between Physics and Psychology] author Mindell Arnold

3. Freud's theory of dream interpretation The greatness and limitations of Freud's discovery of dream interpretation If Freud had not created the theory of neuroses and developed a method for their treatment, he would still be one of the most prominent figures in the science of man, because he discovered

From the book The Wisdom of Love the author Sikirich Elena

The Role of Associations in Dream Interpretation To give an example of the application of the Freudian method of association, I will give the content of the dream in extenso and its interpretation. This is a dream that Freud himself saw and which formed part of his introspection.

From the book Project "Man" author Meneghetti Antonio

The Symbolic Language of Dreams Before continuing the discussion about whether every dream is distorted as Freud believed, it is useful to distinguish between two kinds of symbols: universal and random. The random character has no internal connection with the fact that

From the author's book

5.1. The meaning of dreams In order to accurately control oneself, it is necessary to know the information that comes to us, including through dreams. Especially when we are faced with an important situation in life and at work. After all, a dream is a part of ourselves, which means that it

From the author's book

The Speed \u200b\u200bof Dreams The counterpart to ordinary light in NOR is quantum flirting, which, like light, forms part of a broader spectrum of awareness processes that includes dreaming, conjugation, and awareness. The speed of quantum flirting is

From the author's book

Mysterious world of dreams DREAM - JOURNEY INTO THE DEPTH OF EXISTENCE As modern researchers say, a person spends a third of his life in a dream, and a twelfth of it is filled with dreams. Many of our contemporaries still have a mysterious sleep period.

From the author's book

4.2.2. Three types of dreams He knows himself, who knows what happens to him at night. A person gains understanding of what is happening to him at night through prolonged self-study, which allows him to comprehend his own psychological structure and, in particular, the dominant

Another genius doctor "who deals with the diseases of a person and his time and finds means corresponding to the nature of the disease", as he wrote about himself, a student who managed to become an equal partner of his teacher is Carl Gustav Jung (1875 - 1961). ).

In his work Meaning, Function, and Analysis of Dreams, Jung says that there are some events that we do not notice in our minds; they remain, so to speak, beyond the threshold of consciousness. These events took place, but were perceived subthreshold, without the participation of our consciousness. We can learn about such events only intuitively or in the process of deep reflection, which leads to the subsequent consciousness that they should have happened; and although initially we ignored their emotional or vital significance, it nevertheless emerged from the unconscious in the form of aftermath. Such events can manifest themselves, for example, in the form of dreams. As a rule, the unconscious aspect of any phenomenon is revealed to us in dreams, in which it appears not as a rational thought, but in the form of a symbolic image.

The general tenet in Freud's work was that dreams are not a matter of chance, but are associated with conscious problems and thoughts. Freud emphasized dreams as the starting point of the process of "free association". Jung writes that after a while "he began to feel that the use of the rich fantasies that the unconscious produced during sleep was inadequate and sometimes misleading."

And gradually Jung left the associative path, which, he believed, leads away from the very contents of the dream. Jung preferred to concentrate on associations directly from the dream itself, believing that the latter expresses something specific that is trying to express the unconscious.

Jung believed that a dream is a latent reflection of the psyche, the meaning of which is revealed empirically. Jung contrasts Freud's thesis with an antithesis: I perceive the dream as what it is. Due to the complex and complex nature of the material, he hesitates to ascribe a tendency to misleading the unconscious.

The lost harmony between consciousness and the unconscious can be restored with the help of dreams. They bring memories, insights, experiences, awaken hidden personality traits and reveal unconscious elements in their relationship. Through their compensatory behavior, dream analysis opens up new perspectives and ways to break the deadlock.

Jung divides dreams into “large,” “medium,” and “small,” or as we can say, into important, medium and minor dreams.

A "little" dream is a nocturnal fragment of a fantasy that comes from the subjective and personal realm and is limited by the influence of one day. Such dreams are easily forgotten, as they reflect the daily fluctuations in mental balance.

In "average" dreams, one can distinguish a structure similar to that of a drama: a description of a place, the development of an intrigue, a culmination or twists and turns, a decision or a result. The essence of dreaming actions consists in some compensation for one-sidedness, errors, deviations or other shortcomings of the conscious position.

The unconscious function works successfully when it meets the demands of consciousness in a limited amount. A dream can help where there is a need for it, or suggest a solution when our efforts have failed completely, but the unconscious does not occupy a dominant position in comparison with consciousness.

“Big” (important) semantic dreams are often remembered throughout life and have a great impact on psychic experience. They contain symbolic images that we meet throughout the history of mankind. In these dreams of the individuation process, we find mythological motifs or mythologemes that Jung labeled as archetypes. They can be understood as special forms and groups of images that were encountered not only everywhere and at all times, but also in individual dreams, fantasies, visions and illusory ideas. Jung is convinced that the human psyche is unique and subjective, and at the same time it is only partially personal, since in its depth it is collective and objective.

Important dreams rise from a deep level of the collective unconscious, retaining their meaning, different from the subjective expression that it uses, due to the plasticity of forms. Jung says that such dreams are dreamed at important, critical moments in life.

Jung's change in his attitude to dreams brought about a change in the method itself; the new method took into account all the wide variety of the field of dreams, while excluding all insignificant ideas and associations.

In reasoning, Jung came to the conclusion that only the material that makes up a clear and visible part of it should take part in the interpretation of a dream. Sleep has its own boundaries, its specific form tells us what belongs to sleep and what takes away from it.

The main provisions when working with dreams.

Jung identifies two main points that must be considered when working with dreams:

  • 1. Sleep should be considered as a fact about which no preliminary statements can be made, except that the dream has some meaning.
  • 2. Sleep is a specific expression of the unconscious.

Within the framework of differentiation in the psyche, two spheres are distinguished: first of all, the sphere in which a person has a complete "presence of mind", a sphere in which, however, instability of consciousness is also possible. Along with this, there is a region that is usually inaccessible to consciousness - the "unconscious". Jung explains: The unconscious is not just the unknown, but rather, on the one hand, the unknown psychic, that is, what we assume that it, if it gained access to consciousness, did not differ in any way from the known psychic contents. On the other hand, we must also include the psychode system (meaning the sphere “similar to the mental”) to it. To this definition, Jung adds: “Everything that I know, but what I don’t think about at the moment, everything that I once realized, but now forgot, everything that was perceived by my senses, but was not fixed in my consciousness , everything that I feel, think, remember, want and do unintentionally and inattentively, that is, unconsciously, everything that is coming, that is prepared in me and only later reaches consciousness, all this is the content of the unconscious. "

Jung believes that our subconscious mind is occupied with many temporarily extinct images, impressions, thoughts that continue to influence our conscious thinking, although they are lost. Gives an example: “A distracted or absent-minded person crosses the room to take something. Halfway through, he stops in embarrassment - he has forgotten what he was after. He mechanically, like a sleepwalker, sorting through things on the table - although the original intention is forgotten, it subconsciously moves him. Finally he remembers what he wanted. The subconscious told him. "

The general function of dreams is to restore our mental balance. We dream of exactly what is required to fine-tune mental balance. Jung calls this the auxiliary or compensatory function of dreams in psychic self-adjustment.

Thus, dreams can sometimes anticipate certain situations long before they occur. This is not necessarily a miracle or some form of foreknowledge. Many crises in our life have had a long, unconscious background. We approach them step by step, unaware of the accumulating dangers. However, what we overlook is often perceived by the subconscious, which can convey information through dreams.

A very important, perhaps decisive, contribution of Jung to science, associated with his name ever since, is the discovery of the collective unconscious. Although Sigmund Freud already recognized the existence of archaic-mythological thinking, the indisputable merit of the discovery of this area of \u200b\u200bthe psyche, which is not limited to the individual, but undoubtedly has "collective" features, belongs to Jung. As the discoverer of the "collective unconscious," Jung was well ahead of Freud.

An archetypal approach to dreams.

Jung developed two main approaches to the analysis of dream material: objective and subjective. In an objective approach, each character in a dream refers to a real person: mother is mother, girlfriend is girlfriend, etc. Subjectively, each dream character represents an aspect of the dreamer himself. Jung believed that although it may be difficult for a dreamer to accept a subjective approach at first, in the process of working on a dream he will be able to identify his features and previously unknown aspects of his personality in the characters of the dream. So, for example, if a person dreams that a mad killer is attacking him, then the dreamer may become aware of his murderous impulses. This approach has been extended by Gestalt therapists: they believe that even inanimate objects in a dream can be seen as incarnations of aspects of the dreamer's personality.

Jung identified 3 archetypes: Anima - corresponds to the feminine principle. Jung associated anima with the influence of emotions, moods and inward orientation. Animus is a masculine principle associated with scattered, tough, overly principled, outward-directed decisions. Shadow is the archetype described by C.G. Jung, which is a relatively autonomous part of the personality, consisting of personal and collective mental attitudes that cannot be accepted by a person due to incompatibility with a conscious idea of \u200b\u200boneself. Shadow unconscious contents are perceived through projection and are subject to integration into the integral structure of the personality. In dreams, the Shadow appears in the form of a person of the same sex with the dreamer, causing rejection and irritation. The shadow is part of the Ego, but comes out of the unconscious. Ignoring or not knowing the Shadow can cause personality mismatch.

Archetypes manifest themselves in dreams through symbols or characters. It can be an old man, a young girl or a huge spider participating in the plot. Each embodies an unconscious attitude, largely hidden from consciousness. Even being an integral part of the dreamer's psyche, they often exist autonomously and are perceived by the dreamer as external figures. Acquaintance with the archetypes that appear in the symbols of dreams allow a person to become more aware of his unconscious attitudes, to integrate previously split off parts of the personality and to be included in the process of a holistic understanding of his Self, which is the main task of analytical work.

Jung warned against blindly assigning certain meanings to sleep symbols without a clear understanding of the dreamer's personal situation. He described two approaches to dream symbols: the causal approach and the finalistic approach. In the causal approach, the symbol is reduced to certain basic tendencies. Thus, the sword can symbolize the penis, the snake also. In a finalistic approach, the dream interpreter asks: "Why this particular symbol and not another?" Then the sword can represent the penis due to its qualities: it is hard, sharp, inanimate and destructive. And the snake, representing the penis, indicates other qualities: something alive, dangerous, possibly poisonous and slippery. The finalistic approach reveals additional nuances of the meaning of the installation in which the dreamer is.

Although Jung insisted on the universality of archetypal symbols, his point of view is the opposite of understanding a sign - an image that has a uniquely defined meaning. His approach was to recognize the dynamics and fluidity that exist between a symbol and its meaning. Symbols should be explored as sources of individual meaning for patients, and not reduced to predefined concepts. This will save the dream interpreter from sliding into theoretical and dogmatic exercises that take the process away from the patient's psychological state. In support of this idea, he emphasized that it is very important to "stick to the dream" - to reveal the depth of its meaning through the client's associations to a separate image. This approach is completely opposite to the free associations of Freud, leading away from the lines of the image.

Jung emphasized the importance of context in understanding the dream. He believed that a dream should be understood not simply as a complex riddle invented by the unconscious, which must be deciphered to reveal the causal factors behind it. Dreams cannot serve as lie detectors that would reveal the dishonesty of a conscious attitude. Dreams, like the unconscious itself, speak their own language. As representations of the unconscious, dream images are self-sufficient and have their own logic. Jung believed that dreams could contain important messages, philosophical ideas, illusions, wild fantasies, memories, plans, irrational experiences, and even telepathic insights.

Output:K.-G. Jung, in contrast to Z. Freud, believed that the method of free associations allows one to identify only the personal (individual) associations of the dreamer, grouped around complexes, but does not allow one to approach the meaning of the dream itself. Dreaming is a means to establish a connection between consciousness and subconsciousness and saw in a dream a function of compensating for the position of the Ego. He singled out "big", "medium" and "small" dreams. He attached particular importance to "big" dreams, these are dreams associated with a sense of delight and horror. In these dreams K.-G. Jung saw the highest spiritual guidance that comes from the center of human existence - the Self. He identified two main approaches to the analysis of dream material: objective and subjective. In an objective approach, each dream character refers to a real person. Subjectively, each dream character represents an aspect of the dreamer himself. He believed that archetypes manifest themselves in dreams through symbols or characters. Each embodies an unconscious attitude, largely hidden from consciousness. Acquaintance with the archetypes that appear in the symbols of dreams allow a person to become more aware of his unconscious attitudes, to integrate previously split off parts of the personality and to be included in the process of a holistic understanding of his Self, which K.-G. Jung considered the main task of analytical work.

 


Read:



Breastfeeding: how to prepare your breasts?

Breastfeeding: how to prepare your breasts?

A woman who is about to become a mother for the first time has many fears. Breastfeeding seems difficult to many, expectant mothers ...

What is bigotry, its significance for society

What is bigotry, its significance for society

The concept of "bigotry" traditionally arose in medieval Europe as a definition for people with special character traits - falsely pious and pseudo ...

Treatment of joints without surgery How to treat joints without surgery

Treatment of joints without surgery How to treat joints without surgery

Minecraft: what you need to know about the game

Minecraft: what you need to know about the game

Minecraft - a game written in java by Markus Persson is a world consisting of square blocks of various types that ...

feed-image Rss