The modern construction industry does not stand still and constantly introduces new and modern developments to the market. One of these developments is a self-leveling rubber floor, which, due to its technical specifications immediately gained popularity in the market. Most of the modern innovations are made with an emphasis on ease of use and affordability, as well as self-leveling coatings allow you to lay them yourself without the help of specialists or complex construction equipment.

Advantages of rubber coating

Thanks to the main component of the rubber self-leveling coating, these floors have a number of positive qualities that have made them popular in the market. These qualities include:

• high shock-absorbing qualities of the coating and elasticity;
• elasticity of the material and resistance to external mechanical stress;
• traumatic safety due to the softness of the coating;
• anti-slip properties;
• aesthetics and complete absence of joints;
• the coating is not flammable and in the event of a fire does not support combustion processes;
• thanks to the soft components, the material is resistant to wear and tear.

For your information. Liquid rubber floor coverings can have different physical characteristics, which are due to the use in the composition of various modifying additives that reduce or increase certain characteristics of the coating.

Scope of rubber coating

A self-leveling rubber floor has a relatively narrow field of application, since its soft and elastic coating cannot be used everywhere. This coating has gained particular popularity in laying flooring in playgrounds and in gyms. Due to the fact that rubber is not exposed to moisture, this floor can be laid in closed and open spaces.

In playgrounds, such a coating can have a large thickness, which significantly softens the impact in case of a fall and, due to its soft structure, does not cause damage to the body. On sports fields, the material is laid in a thinner layer and provides a non-slip surface. The coating can also be found in underground parking lots or on certain sections of stairs in the form of anti-slip inserts.

For your information. The rubber compound can be painted in various colors, which we can observe on sports grounds in the form of a marking of the playing field. Due to the porosity of the material, the paint stays on the surface for a long time.

Rubber floor composition

The main component of such a coating is crumb rubber, which can have a different particle size depending on the place of application. Bulk rubber crumb floors consist of such components as:

• crumb rubber, which is the main coating material;
• polyurethane or epoxy adhesive, which is a bonding material and ensures the integrity of the layer when cured;
• dyes that are added to the composition when mixing the solution to obtain a certain color of the coating;
• modifiers that are added to the mixture as needed to achieve certain physical indicators.

For your information. Rubber floors can be presented in the form of a ready-made mixture with the required amount of components and fillers, as well as in the form of separate materials that must be purchased separately and made up a solution of the required configuration.

Rubber flooring options

Depending on the composition of the mixture and the area to be covered, several installation options can be used:

• Manual method. In this case, the finished mixture is poured onto a previously prepared base and leveled using a special tool. The mixture is mixed with a construction mixer just before laying.

It is important to remember that the service life of the coating depends on the quality of mixing and compliance with the laying technology, which on average is 10-12 years, depending on the intensity of use. This method is used in small spaces.

• Automatic stacking. In this case, the liquid floor rubber is prepared and applied by means of a special machine that can control the thickness while standing and lay it on large areas such as stadiums and sports fields. The components of the mixture are poured into separate tanks and the machine automatically mixes them in the right proportion.
• Combined method it is used in cases where it is necessary to lay several layers. For example, when decorating a floor in a room, the first layer is applied using an automatic device, then the decorative elements are installed, after which the top protective layer is laid manually.
• Spray method It is used for laying rough surfaces in parking lots, workshops and warehouses. The mixture is applied with a special sprayer that dispenses the solution under air pressure. This method allows you to quickly process large areas, but does not guarantee an even coverage.

If you need to lay a rubber floor in an apartment or a house, then you can do it yourself without resorting to the help of specialists.

Bitumen-polymer mastic, the so-called liquid rubber, is a versatile material that is used as surface insulation against water penetration, steam and sound insulation. For the device of the finishing floor, hard coatings of cast or pressed rubber, self-leveling compositions are used. Resistance to the action of destructive processes occurring under the influence of temperature extremes, allows the use of a rubber coating in closed rooms and in the open. They equip sports grounds and park paths, floors in garages and industrial buildings.

Rubber floor - advantages and disadvantages

For the device of coatings made of rubber various materialsdiffering from each other appearance and structure, but they are united by a number of useful advantages:

• durability, strength, abrasion resistance;
• resistance to chemicals;
• waterproof, soundproofing effect;
• resistance to icing, anti-slip properties;
• shock-absorbing effect, environmental safety;
• aesthetics, ease of installation, ease of cleaning.

With many advantages, monolithic rubber floor coverings have only one drawback - it is quite difficult to repair them in the event of gross defects - cuts, tears.

Overview of materials for rubber flooring

Modern industry produces liquid polymer-bitumen materials that are used to perform insulation or create self-leveling floors. On sale in the construction market there are also ready-made coatings made of cast rubber or obtained by pressing crumb rubber - a product of recycling used car tires.

1. Liquid rubber... Material, various modifications of which are used for waterproofing surfaces and for self-leveling floors. One-part bituminous mastics with the inclusion of polymer elements are completely ready for application on a prepared substrate. If the technology is observed, liquid waterproofing creates an airtight film on the surface that is impervious to moisture and steam. For the implementation of self-leveling floors, mixtures consisting of polyurethane, crumb and dyes are usually used. As a result of pouring, a seamless decorative coating is obtained that has excellent performance characteristics.
2. Modular tiles... Sector rubber elements are composed of shredded tires, glue, modifiers and dyes, and are pressed into slabs of various sizes and thicknesses. They are used for covering sports grounds, car garages, industrial premises. Modular tiles are equipped with a locking system, so they can be assembled simply like a children's designer. Defective elements are easily replaced with new ones if necessary. You can read more about this material.
3. Roll coatings... Rubber linoleum or relin is a two-layer material consisting of rubber and natural rubber. The relief surface gives the relay excellent anti-slip properties. Rubber linoleum is laid in industrial and public premises, in sports halls, in open areas. It is indispensable in conditions of high humidity, resistant to aggressive chemicals. Street paths made of molded rubber are not prone to icing, the embossed coating prevents slipping.

Waterproofing floors of wooden buildings

Wood is a natural material that especially needs waterproofing. With free access to moisture, wooden floor elements quickly lose their operational properties - they warp and crack. Liquid rubber ideally acts as a protection against moisture. It has excellent adhesion to most surfaces and creates a waterproof film on them. . Liquid waterproofing applied to wood with special sprayers or a regular roller. Hard-to-reach places are treated with a brush.

A good result is achieved when waterproofing wooden surfaces. Another name for the material is silicate glue. The composition is applied to the wood with a brush, roller or spray. This is an inexpensive and affordable method of hydrophobization. Liquid glass penetrates into the capillary system of wood and creates an impenetrable barrier for water. The potassium solution and magnesium silicate included in the silicate glue are natural antiseptics. Wooden floorprotected in this way is not subject to rotting and the formation of fungus.

Self-leveling rubber floor with your own hands

The self-leveling rubber floor in the room is an aesthetic and environmentally friendly coating with water-repellent properties. For his device in the first place. When building a new house, concrete mortar is laid on a prepared base along the beacons, leveled and polished. In the operating room, it is also possible to pour self-leveling floors.

A sub-floor for this purpose is arranged even on a defective concrete base. The main thing is to repair it: putty the cracks, fill the potholes with mastic, arrange the most even surface.

Applying the mixture with a spatula

The technology of the self-leveling floor is extremely simple, it is quite accessible for beginners in construction. After careful preparation concrete base treated with polyurethane glue. Prepare a bulk mixture of glue and rubber crumb in a ratio of 1: 7, evenly distribute it over rough floor with a layer over 1 cm thick. The composition is leveled with a spatula and rolled with a light pressure. After 12 hours, the decorative textured coating is completely ready for use.

Installation of floor coverings in garages

A floor covering for installation in a garage must be water-repellent, chemical-resistant, particularly tough and durable. Ready-made rubber coatings are quite consistent with all these parameters. For garages and parking lots, materials have been specially developed that can freely support the weight of heavy vehicles. These are modular tiles and rubber linoleum designed for rooms with high floor loads.

With all the external solidity, concrete is a rather fragile material, susceptible to moisture. Water reacts with salts and breaks it down from the inside. Liquid waterproofing for concrete will extend the life of walls and floors. Penetrating compounds are easy to apply and provide reliable protection.

Liquid waterproofing: types, features, advantages

The solution impregnates the floor, closes pores and cracks, forms a film on the surface. Types of liquid waterproofing for concrete:

• One-component. Water-based bitumen-polymer mastic. Apply with a roller, brush or spatula. Even an amateur can buy liquid waterproofing and treat the bathroom floor.
• Two-component. Liquid waterproofing with polymer-bitumen emulsion with cold spray is suitable for large areas. Its informal name is liquid rubber; it gives a monolithic, plastic and durable coating.
• Seamless concrete waterproofing liquid adheres perfectly to the surface. Forms a waterproof membrane layer.

Liquid waterproofing does not need heating. It is applied in a cold way, it does not require much labor. Only three workers can cover more than 1000 sq. M. With an insulating compound. during the day.

Buy liquid waterproofing, depending on your needs, is reasonable in the form of powder, mastic, special ready-made mass. We recommend that you consult with a manager before purchasing to find the right material.

In private houses, industrial and commercial buildings, liquid waterproofing is required for the foundation. Groundwater gradually erodes the base. You cannot do without prevention and protection from excessive moisture.

Benefits of liquid waterproofing for foundations and floors:

• increased strength;
• gives a uniform coverage;
• freezes quickly;
• withstands temperatures from -55 ° to + 95 °;
• does not contain flammable and volatile substances;
• liquid waterproofing does not need to be preheated;
• does not allow moisture and steam to pass through;
• resistant to ultraviolet light, gas, acid precipitation.

Liquid waterproofing for foundations with specific formulations is suitable for outdoor and indoor use.

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Previously, solving issues of protecting premises from moisture penetration or spreading was becoming a real problem. It was not easy to find on sale necessary materials, and many technologies were known and available only to professionals. However, today, if you wish, you can find everything.

Waterproofing materials for the floor are produced in various forms, and from this variety you can easily choose the most suitable one in terms of characteristics and application technology.

Much, of course, depends on what kind of floor and for which rooms you need to protect from moisture, since each of them requires a special approach. Therefore, before you go to the store and rush to spend money on waterproofing compounds, you need to familiarize yourself with each of them.

In addition to the floor material, on which the a protective composition will be applied, factors such as temperature conditions are also taken into account when choosing waterproofing premises and the floor of its location.

Today there are several ways of laying or applying different moisture-proof materials - these are coating or plastering, painting, impregnating, pasting, cast, injection and filling. In order for any type of waterproofing to give the expected effect, a well-prepared, cleaned surface on which it will be applied is very important.

These materials are applied to floors with a roller, brush or spray gun and are the most popular and used materials. Painting waterproofers create a thin hydrophobic film on the surface, with the penetration of the composition into the structure of the material up to two millimeters in depth. This is due to additives from lead, talc, asbestos, which are able to close the pores waterproof surfaces - bricks or concrete.

Painting technology can be safely called the easiest to apply and affordable at a price. For its implementation, materials based on polymers, resins, minerals, bitumen and other compositions with good adhesion and hydrophobicity are used. These can be polyurethane, rubber, epoxy compounds, silicone gels, acrylic or bituminous suspensions.

Sometimes they try to replace these waterproofers with thickened oil paint or varnish, but one should not forget about the special properties of the profile material, which ordinary paints and varnishes cannot replace.

TO a separate group paint waterproofing compositions can be attributed to spray, which are applied using spray guns. These suspensions are made on an acrylate basis. These include, for example, such a well-known agent as liquid rubber. This composition is applied in several layers and faithfully performs protective functions for 40-50 years, and under the most unfavorable conditions of high humidity.

The application process is as follows:

• the old coating is removed from the surfaces to the base, then it is cleaned;
• embedded with thick concrete mortars detected damage - cracks or chips, then leveled and dried well;
• then the surface is impregnated with special primers or diluted 1: 3 coloring compositions;
• after the soil has been absorbed, waterproofing compounds are applied;
• some of them heat up a little, but, for example, certain suspensions on a bitumen basis require heating even up to 150-160 degrees;

Corner of the room treated with "liquid rubber"

• for reliable waterproofing, it is necessary to apply two layers of the composition. The first of them should have a thickness of about two millimeters, since it should be well absorbed into the treated surface, and the second, the control layer, can be quite thin;
• drying of each of the layers can take from one and a half to 15 hours.

Video: an example of applying paint waterproofing

Oleechnaya waterproofing

A glued type of waterproofing is a sheet (roll) material that is laid out or glued onto resins or mastics with a thick consistency to surfaces that require protection from moisture.

The material is produced in the form of rolls and sheets, they can be dense or thin, have a transparent, opaque or foil appearance.

• In rolls, materials such as glass bite, roofing material, metalloizol, foilgoizol, technonikol and the like are produced.

• In the form of sheets or panels, waterproofing asphalt, polymer, bituminous materials and others with similar characteristics are produced.
• Membrane waterproofing, which has small rounded spikes on its surface, is also produced in the form of sheets and is well suited for flooring under a screed.

It should be noted that protective materials are applied to the floor surface in different ways. But all forms of installation are quite simple, and for this process, bituminous or epoxy compounds are most often used:

• the adhesive mass is applied to the base. Some of the types of mastics must be warmed up before spreading;
• on the on theworn and, if necessary, a heated composition, the cut roll material is applied, ensuring that each subsequent sheet overlaps at least than10 cm;

When applying roll materials often two layers are laid, with the second oriented perpendicular to the first.

• waterproofing in the form of panels is also laid with an overlap or end-to-end;
• each subsequent row of insulating panels is laid with a shift to the previous one in one direction or the other by half of the panel (according to the brickwork system);
• any waterproofing laid on the floors must be installed on the walls by 10-15 cm.

Coating waterproofing

Lubricating waterproofing compounds have a thick consistency with very good elasticity. Such materials include thick bituminous and polyurethane mastic, polymer cement, etc.

These waterproofers are composed of fillers from polymer fibers and plasticizers, which increases their adhesion and hydrophobicity.

On the surface, these compounds are distributed in the same way as plaster solutions - using a spatula. The thickness of such a seamless coating can be from 0.4 to 4 cm.

This type of waterproofing compounds perfectly isolate the floors of problematic rooms such as balconies and loggias, rooms in basements and cellars, bathrooms and kitchens from moisture.

Mastics based on bitumen and polymers are applied not only in the technical rooms of constructed buildings, but also directly on the foundation slabs. It should be noted that a hot coating applied in living rooms is undesirable, as it is quite toxic and requires good ventilation during work.

The plastering type of work with the use of appropriate moisture-resistant compounds, which can be additionally applied to the bituminous coating or simply to waterproof cleaned surface.

The mixtures are diluted with water, applied with a spatula and evenly distributed over the surface. There can be two or three such layers, and each of them should dry well.

Dry plastering waterproofing resembles an ordinary plaster mixture or construction glue, but it contains special components that penetrate into the pores of the material and close them.

Video: waterproofing the floor with a coating compound

Cast waterproofing

Cast waterproofing is divided into hot and cold, depending on the form in which it is applied to the surface. Hot applied to floors asphalt-polymer and asphalt composition - it can be pitch, hot bitumen or asphalt concrete.

In order for the cast waterproofing to work effectively, the base for it must be thoroughly cleaned and dropped.

Hot waterproofing

When laying this material, it must be heated to a temperature of 50 to 120 degrees, depending on the viscosity of the composition.

Bitumen is a natural material made from petroleum products, and in its pure form, when solidified, it will crack at any temperature. But, its main advantage is water resistance and insolubility in water. Therefore, it is used as a basis for the manufacture of waterproofing compounds.

When heated, they are applied to clean surfaces in several layers.

Pitch is a product obtained during the processing of coal tar. There are several types of this material, they differ in melting point, usually in the range from 70 to 90 degrees. But this material is rarely used, and, mainly, it is used as an additive to other waterproofing compounds.

Cold cast waterproofing

This method of waterproofing is the most reliable of all existing ones, since it penetrates into every pore of the surface material without forming cracks. Most often, cold waterproofing is made from an epoxy mixture or liquid glass... This material is used today for the device of self-leveling 3D floors, which simultaneously serve not only as waterproofing, but also decorative design premises. This method of protection against moisture penetration is especially suitable for the bathroom, which requires one hundred percent waterproofing.

• An epoxy mixture consists of two components - epoxy resins and a special solvent, which are mixed immediately before pouring and distributing it over the surface. The working composition is prepared in portions, since it sets quickly enough.
• Liquid glass is an excellent waterproofing for cellars and ground floor rooms. Such a composition will reliably protect the room from moisture penetration and will work no less effectively than a two-component epoxy mixture. The durability of such waterproofing can be determined by the service life of the entire structure, i.e. having arranged it once, you do not have to worry about repeated procedure or repair.

The material is environmentally friendly and does not emit fumes harmful to human health, and at the same time has excellent penetration qualities into the most microscopic pores of concrete or other waterproof the basics.

Liquid glass is produced in dry and liquid form. The dry powder of the material is added to cement slurries, making them waterproof. It is possible to add the composition and liquid consistency to the ready-made concrete - in this case, the mixture is made in proportions for 10 liters of mortar and one liter of waterproofing agent.

Cast waterproofing

Any cast waterproofing is arranged as follows:

• The surface is cleaned and dust-free with a powerful construction vacuum cleaner.
• Then the surface is repaired - cracks and flaws in the base are repaired.
• After renovation works the floors must be well dried.
• Further floors primed... In each case, the composition of the soil will depend on the material that will later be used for waterproofing work.
• The waterproofing composition is prepared in accordance with the instructions attached to it, brought to the required consistency and poured in parts on the surface.

• Smooth the mixture with wide spatulas or a squeegee, then leave the surface to dry and harden.
• Waterproofing may not be limited to one layer - two or three fillings can be made, but after the final hardening of each previous layer.

Penetrating waterproofing

The penetrating type of waterproofing is applied to floors with an already installed screed. The compositions used in this case have the ability to penetrate the concrete structure and seal the pores, creating a moisture resistant layer. The solution can be applied in several layers.

After reaching deep impregnation of the surface, the waterproofing should not be damaged by mechanical action or perforation. Therefore, this type of material is very often used to protect basements and cellars. In addition to water resistance, this composition gives the concrete surface additional strength by creating special crystalline bonds intertwined with the structural crystal lattice of the cement, and closing all the pores in the base. These processes take place thanks to special silicate or lithium additives.

The penetrating mixture is applied to any even or uneven surface - leveling it is quite possible to hold the floor over it. It should be taken into account that each layer applied to the floor surface must definitely dry completely.

Injection waterproofing

For injection waterproofing, polyurethane one-component solutions with low viscosity are used. A chemical reaction in such compositions occurs when they come into contact with water - this contact leads the solution to a significant expansion, an increase in its volume, and an increase in internal pressure. Such features allow him spread inside concrete structure, displacing water and taking its place. The result is a waterproof polyurethane compound. Some of the materials used become elastic during a chemical reaction, while others take on rigid forms. Bringing to a similar state of the used composition occurs within 2 to 20 minutes.

For injection waterproofing, special equipment is used. It can be carried out in combination with other measures, and is even suitable for conditionally mobile elements of the structure, for example, joints load-bearing walls and foundation.

But it should be noted that this process is quite expensive, both in terms of the price of materials, as well as labor intensity and the use of special equipment. It is almost always accompanied by drilling additional holes for the introduction of the composition. In this regard, this option is usually used in extreme cases, when it is impossible to use other methods for emergency isolation of previously erected building structures.

Backfill waterproofing

There is the simplest and most affordable type of waterproofing, although it is quite laborious - it is backfilling of areas with bulk materials impervious to water.

To carry out this process, materials of powder, fibrous or granular consistency are used, such as slags, mineral wool, clay, foam granules, sand, etc.

For rooms with high humidity - cellars, semi-basements, basements, perlite sands are mainly used to protect the floor, which are considered a universal material for waterproofing work.

Each layer of the poured composition must be well compacted, therefore the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe room is fenced off with walls (formwork), which will not allow material to spill out of them.

On top of the tamped backfill, concrete screed, which is arranged according to all the rules with reinforcement and alignment with beacons.

In addition to the materials described above, modern production manufactures a large number of other means, but, as a rule, all of them do not fundamentally differ from those that have been mentioned. In some rooms, it is simply impossible to do without waterproofing, therefore, when choosing a material, as well as the technology for its application, you need to carefully consider all the characteristics of the compositions intended for this important process.