© A.B.Filimonov, B.P. Filimonov
© State Museum of the History of Cosmonautics. K.E. Tsiolkovsky, Kaluga
Section "Research of scientific creativity of K.E. Tsiolkovsky"
2011 r.

In the late XIX - early XX centuries. in the circles of writers and poets, more and more the topic of the search for brothers in reason sounded. The belief that somewhere out there in the vast expanses of the universe there are other civilizations similar to ours inspired Valery Yakovlevich Bryusov.

Being one of the main representatives of symbolism, V.Ya. Bryusov, at the dawn of his career, addressing scientists, said: "I will be a companion of your space disputes."

Bryusov realized his promise in a number of "scientific" poems. The most famous of them is "The world of the electron":

Maybe these electrons

Worlds where there are five continents ...

Their measures are small, but still the same

Their infinity, as here.

A poetic response to the ideas of the multidimensional geometries of Lobachevsky and Riemann was Bryusov's poem "The World of N Dimensions", where the poet tried to supplement dry mathematical conclusions with fantastic conjectures about the population of other dimensions.

But they live, live in dimensions

Whirlwinds of waves, cyclones of thought, those

Who are we funny with our children's eyesight,

With our step along the same line!

Our suns, stars, everything in space,

All infinity, where the light was wingless,

Only festoon in that festive decoration,

Than their world hid its proud appearance.

An equally important place was taken by Bryusov's theme of man as a conqueror of nature, a tireless worker and an inspired creator. The heroic image of the man-builder formed the basis of the odic poem "Praise to Man" (1906). Since then, concern about the fate of man on Earth and in the universe has not left the poet. Moreover, she received from Bryusov his characteristic constructive form, led him to a kind of planetary rationalization proposals. “Humanity,” Bryusov wrote, “while spending its life like a careless youth: the best proof of the youth of the earth! How many immediate tasks before mankind, all understandable, simplest, not to mention more complex! It is necessary to irrigate deserts on the ground, drain swamps, insulate cold countries, dig canals: the area of \u200b\u200buseful soil would multiply tenfold! ... And what has mankind done to take a worthy position in the family of inhabitants of our solar system? " It is easy to understand how far from decadent individualism such thoughts took Bryusov.

In 1895-99 V. Ya. Bryusov worked on a relatively small work - the novel "Mountain of the Stars". It was conceived as an adventure game with elements of mysticism and fantasy. The manuscript of Star Mountain remained in the desk (it was first published in 1975). Instead, Bryusov published other lines that fully fit into the stereotype formed by the efforts of the then intelligentsia:

I'm waiting to finally see the shiny ball

Like a small point, lost in the lights,

Flying in a way planned to another earth,

To recreate the brotherhood in scattered worlds.

In the story Night Journey (1913), the hero, together with the Devil himself, goes on a journey to one of the planets in the constellation Orion. The unfinished play "The World of Seven Generations" (written in 1923, first published in 1973) also takes place in outer space. The plot unfolds on an inhabited comet approaching the Earth, whose inhabitants are faced with a dilemma: should a less developed civilization sacrifice itself for the sake of a more perfect one.

In the mature period of Bryusov's work, his passionate and excited attitude to scientific knowledge and technological progress in the present and his dream of immeasurable achievements of science in the future were reflected in his poetry even more vividly and consistently. Suffice it to refer at least to those poems of Bryusov, in which he glorifies aviation or, rising to true lyricism, expresses the hope for rapprochement with the hypothetical inhabitants of neighboring planets (Who is, 1908; Son of the Earth. 1913, Children's Hope, 1914; etc.) ...

In our time, when a human genius managed to pave the first paths into outer space, one cannot but recall with what enthusiasm, with what stubborn and ardent faith Bryusov thought about establishing a connection between the "small Earth" with other distant worlds, her "sisters" in the universe:

And son of the earth, one of the countless,

I throw a verse into the endless, -

To those beings, bodily or disembodied,

That they think that they live in other worlds.

I don't know how my call will reach its destination

I don't know who will bring my greetings,

But, if they loved and grieved,

But, if they dreamed in their turn

And with greedy thought they plunged into secrets,

Watching the rays burning in the distance -

My passionate sigh, rushing from the ground!

“Is interplanetary communication even possible? - wrote Bryusov. In any case, there is nothing in them, in the idea, that contradicts the data of science. Maybe "travel" from Earth to another planet is unlikely due to the fact that it would take too much time (which creates too many technical difficulties: the need to carry a huge supply of oxygen, food, water). But the wireless telegraph opens up broad prospects for "negotiations." If humanity, instead of wars, devoted its energies to such a cause, perhaps we would have already managed to catch the "signals" of other worlds as the receivers of exceptional power. That so little we have done so little in this direction puts us on a low stage of development among the inhabitants of the universe. However, the inhabitants of other planets have not yet managed to declare themselves in a certain way - the Earth: this, to some extent, justifies us. This passage, testifying to the direction of Bryusov's interests, gives an idea of \u200b\u200bthe very style of Bryusov's thinking, which has no analogies among the poets of his circle.

The last science fiction work of Bryusov is the story "The First Interplanetary Expedition", which tells about the flight to Mars. The writer worked on this story in 1920–21, and it was published only in 1976.

When mankind first entered space, Bryusov's poems written 40-50 years ago were much more adequate than the poetic responses of our other contemporaries, were adequate to the feelings and thoughts that overwhelmed modern mankind. Despite suffering and death, he affirms the greatness of Man, whose thought and deed know no barriers. And in the poet's verses, burned by an insatiable passion for knowledge of the world, for creativity, life - one of the undoubted sources of our today's movement:

Sang over a generation

Flaming copper your challenge

Signing that body sluggishness

We must overcome by will.

Our century again believed in Daedalus,

His stern face lifted

And measured with a dead compass

The possibility of impossible dreams.

May the mighty whirlwind triumph

Cut the wings of the ship

And down there, in the breakthroughs of the clouds,

The Earth turns blue and glides.

Valery Yakovlevich Bryusov - Russian poet, literary critic, historian, playwright, translator, prose writer, founder of Russian symbolism. In the second half of the 90s of the nineteenth century, as a young poet, Bryusov became close to the symbolist poets, and in 1899 he united supporters of the "new art" in the publishing house "Scorpio". In 1900, the collection The Third Guard was published. The poem "Into the depths of the secret universe" was created in the same 1900, but it was not included in the collection.

In this work, the author raised the topic of the problem of preserving the cultural values \u200b\u200bof mankind... The poem figuratively represents the work of generations who are striving to regain what their ancestors owned and to increase this wealth. The central image in the poem is sea monsters, it is they who concentrate the ideological meaning of the work.

The poem "Into the depths of the secret universe" is made in the tradition of symbolism, one of the largest trends in art, characterized by the use of symbolism, hints, mystery and mystery. The energy of the word and the special intuition that the author feels are put into the lines of his creation.

The artistic medium in this work is a symbol - a monster taken from the bottom of the sea. It is fixed in the element of artistic speech and in its image is based on a polysemantic poetic word. Poetry becomes a form of thinking, it begins to play with meaning. The author uses a symbol that carries the secrets of humanity, and at the same time, poetic ambiguity.

Although the poem consists of only two stanzas, its content is not affected by the size. In the first part, the author describes how humanity throws with "Mortal boat" gold nets in "Dark waters of centuries"... Networks are a symbol of using history, experience, knowledge to extract from the ocean of centuries "Treasures"... In the second stanza, we already observe that in the boat in which the human race is located, the number of these "Treasures" - the heritage of ancestors, forming a whole bulk.

The main purpose of the tropes in the poem is metaphor - to create this figurative meaning of the symbols used: the depths of the universe, the waters of centuries, we throw golden nets, sea monsters, we get out of strong bonds, huge treasures grow.

The sound of the poem itself is of great importance for the expression of symbols. In the construction of the verse, the author turned to the two-syllable poetic size trore, using cross rhyme by position in the stanza and feminine rhyme by syllable volume, when the stress falls on the penultimate syllable of each line.

The poem "In the depths of the secret universe" can be attributed to civic lyrics. Bryusov in the traditional lyric poetic genre declared the direction of symbolism. It determined the style of the era during which the author worked on his works. The poet's creation is imbued with the spirit of mystery and mysticism.

The beginning of Russian Symbolism is considered the beginning of the Silver Age of Russian poetry. And although this trend originated in Europe, it was in Russia that it reached its peak. The Russian symbolist poet Valery Bryusov introduced something completely new, original sound, the frequent use of metaphors and allegories. The poet was a creator who glorified artistic and spiritual personal values.

Poetic images seem to rise above reality, are embodied by the author in a musical form. With his talent, Bryusov exposed in these images the eternal correspondences and interconnections of the world, which are reflected in our consciousness, thus shedding light on the secrets that lead us to Truth.

• "To the Young Poet", analysis of Bryusov's poem
• "Sonnet to Form", analysis of Bryusov's poem
• "First Snow", analysis of Bryusov's poem
• "Woman", analysis of Bryusov's poem

Literature grade 8. Textbook-reader for schools with in-depth study of literature Collective of authors

Valery Yakovlevich Bryusov

Valery Yakovlevich Bryusov

The name of V. Ya. Bryusov is already well known to you. This wonderful poet was one of the most educated people of his time. He believed that the cultural values \u200b\u200baccumulated by mankind over the entire period of its existence are the most important property of people. He was very worried about the problem of preserving the cultural values \u200b\u200bof mankind. In 1900, at the very beginning of the new century, he wrote a poem, figuratively representing the labor of generations striving not only to increase the achievements of their ancestors, but also to regain what these ancestors owned.

Think about what artistic image is central in this poem, how it concentrates the ideological meaning. Pay attention to the combination of metaphors and symbols in the poem.

"Deep in the secret universe ..."

Deep in the secret universe

Into the waters of the darkest centuries

We throw the mortal from the boat

Gold nets.

And from strong bonds we are glad

Get out sea monsters

And the masses grow in the canoe

Accumulated treasures.

Questions and tasks

1. Explain why the mined "treasures" the author calls "monsters", as it relates to the first two lines of the poem.

2. Make a rhythmic diagram of the poem. Establish a connection between logical stress and rhythm. Explain the intonation pauses.

3. Prepare an expressive recitation of the poem by heart.