The insidiousness of many female diseases lies in their imperceptible course. One of these pathologies is polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The patient has no painful sensations, the quality of life does not suffer. But in the meantime, the progression of polycystic disease can result in infertility, so timely treatment is very important.

Description of the disease

Polycystic ovary syndrome is a disorder characterized by impaired ovarian function. This pathology can also be called polyendocrine syndrome.

Several follicles form in a woman's ovary every month. During ovulation, only the one in which the egg is most viable bursts. The rest, under the influence of the corresponding hormones, undergo a reverse development process.

If the balance of hormones in the body is disturbed, in which there is an excess of estrogen, androgen, and progesterone is produced in insufficient quantities, then this mechanism is difficult. The follicles cannot dissolve. Instead, they transform into cysts. The number of such formations increases with each cycle. Over time, the ovary is almost completely covered by them. Doctors diagnose polycystic disease.

What are the characteristic features of polycystic ovary syndrome

Polycystic disease manifests itself differently in different women. Most often, the patient has one or more of the most important symptomatic signs:

• violation of the menstrual cycle in the form of irregularity, delays, complete absence of menstruation;
• infertility;
• excess hair on the face, chest and abdomen;
• uterine bleeding;
• minor pain in the ovarian area;
• high blood pressure;
• acne, acne on the skin;
• a sharp jump in weight by 10-15 kg;
• changing the timbre of the voice;
• male pattern baldness;
• infertility.

Polycystic ovary - video

Treatment methods

Methods to combat the disease are selected by the gynecologist for each woman individually. Treatment depends on many factors: the severity of symptoms, the age of the patient, the presence of obesity, the desire to become pregnant.

In addition to the gynecologist, the following specialists are involved in the treatment of PCOS:

• endocrinologist;
• nutritionist;
• reproductologist;
• surgeon.

A woman needs to understand that it is impossible to completely recover from polycystic disease.... But by eliminating clinical manifestations, you can achieve the main goal - to conceive and give birth to a baby.

The main tasks in the treatment of PCOS:

• weight loss (in case of obesity);
• normalization of hormonal levels;
• stimulation of ovulation (when a woman tries to conceive a child).

Treatment regimen

To accomplish the main tasks of therapy, a woman is recommended treatment, which includes several stages:

At each stage of treatment, the doctor monitors the results, evaluating the effectiveness of the chosen tactics. If necessary, additional methods are connected, drug therapy is adjusted. Therefore, self-treatment of PCOS is unacceptable! Ignoring medical prescriptions is a direct path to infertility and the development of serious complications, such as breast cancer or uterine cancer.

One of the important conditions is a correct, healthy diet that provides an improvement in the condition. In some cases, adherence to dietary nutrition can lead to the long-awaited result - pregnancy.

Why and in what cases it is necessary to blow the fallopian tubes:

1. Reduced fat. Animal fats are especially harmful for PCOS. They raise cholesterol levels, which leads to increased production of androgen by the ovaries.
2. Adequate amount of protein. They are responsible for tissue renewal. A decrease in protein is fraught with a decrease in the synthesis of enzymes that ensure the breakdown of fats. Therefore, the daily amount of protein is 90-100 g.
3. Decreased calorie intake. A competent nutritionist will help you calculate the daily amount of food that corresponds to your ideal body weight.
4. Meals should include slow carbohydrates - foods with a low glycemic index. And fast carbohydrates should be discarded whenever possible.
5. It is advisable to eat food boiled, stewed or baked. Fried, pickled dishes are not useful.
6. You need to eat about 5-6 times a day. In this case, the portion should be small.
7. The calculation of the consumed liquid per day is calculated from the ratio: per 1 kg of weight - 30 ml.
8. It is recommended to significantly reduce the amount of salt in the diet.
9. Give up smoking and alcohol. Tobacco and alcoholic drinks activate the body's production of androgens.
10. Diversify the diet with vitamins. Foods containing vitamin C are especially beneficial.

Olive oil replaces animal fats The diet must include cottage cheese Preference is given to chicken meat Rye bread with polycystic disease is more useful than wheat Cucumbers are rich in fiber, which is necessary for the body
Grapefruit is very essential for women's health Black currant saturates the body with vitamin C

Drug treatment: Dyufaston, Siofor, Regulon, Metformin, Yarina, Klostilbegit, Jess, Veroshpiron, folic acid, vitamins and other drugs

The main groups of drugs used to treat PCOS are:

1. Oral contraceptives. Such funds are prescribed to restore hormonal balance in the body. But they are recommended only if the woman is not planning a pregnancy in the near future. Medicines can reduce the severity of hirsutism, improve the skin, and reduce endometrial hyperplasia. Contraceptives are most often recommended:
   • Regulon;
   • Diane-35;
   • Belara;
   • Jess.
2. Preparations that stimulate ovulation. These medications are prescribed for women planning to conceive a child. Most often, they resort to the help of such medicines:
   • Clomiphene;
   • Clomid;
   • Fertomid;
3. Antiandrogens - drugs that block male sex hormones:
   • Flutamide;
4. Medicines with gonadotropin. If the stimulation of ovulation was not provided by the above means, then drugs are included in therapy:
   • Gonal-F;
   • Ovitrel;
   • Puregon;
   • Luveris;
   • Pregnil.
5. Medicines that increase the body's sensitivity to insulin. These drugs are designed to fight diabetes. PCOS shows the inability of tissues to respond correctly to the hormone insulin. As a result, glucose is not absorbed by cells. Its concentration in the blood is significantly increased. In response, the ovaries produce a large number of male hormones, to reduce the synthesis of which hypoglycemic medications are recommended:
   • Siofor;
   • Metfogamma;
   • Bagumet;
6. Vitamins. For the general strengthening and improvement of the work of the genital glands, the patient is prescribed vitamins B, E, C, folic acid. Magnesium B6 can be included in the therapy, providing the supply of the mineral necessary for a woman. The drug Inofert (enriching the body with inositol and folic acid) is recommended.

Drugs for the treatment of polycystic disease - photo gallery

Yarina - a contraceptive used for polycystic
Janine is prescribed to normalize the level of hormones Utrozhestan provides stimulation of ovulation
Clostilbegit is most often used for successful ovulation
Metformin increases the body's sensitivity to insulin Veroshpiron - a drug that reduces the formation of androgens
Inofert helps restore the menstrual cycle

Physiotherapeutic methods: hirudotherapy (leech therapy), hydrotherapy, massage and others

Physiotherapy is widely used to treat polycystic disease. It is the irritant that triggers recovery processes in the body.

Allows you to achieve the following results:

• thin the dense membrane of the ovary;
• reduce the severity of inflammation;
• reduce or completely eliminate pain (if present);
• normalize metabolism;
• improve microcirculation and lymph flow in the reproductive system.

This treatment has a number of contraindications:

• exacerbation of chronic diseases;
• any pathologies occurring in the acute phase;
• hyperthermic syndrome;
• the presence of infectious processes;
• uterine bleeding;
• neuropsychiatric disorders;
• blood diseases;
• oncology;
• pathology of the reproductive system (polyps in the uterus, condylomas in the vagina, dysplasia).

In addition, physiotherapy requires adherence to certain rules, ignoring which can lead to unpleasant consequences. Therefore, it is categorically contraindicated to use special portable devices for physiotherapy at home without a doctor's recommendation.

With polycystic ovary disease, the following methods will benefit:

Surgery

If conservative therapy has not provided positive results after 1 year, then the gynecologist advises to resort to surgical intervention.

This method is aimed at achieving successful ovulation and restoring the patient's fertility (her fertility).

The main purpose of the operation is to destroy or remove the part of the ovary that produces androgens.

Laparoscopy

Surgical intervention for polycystic disease is performed by the laparoscopic method. It involves small punctures on a woman's body. Through these incisions, a camera and special instruments are introduced into the cavity.

However, there are some contraindications to the operation:

• obesity 3-4 degrees;
• strokes, heart attacks;
• diffuse peritonitis;
• severe infections;
• bloating;
• the presence of adhesions;
• tumors on the ovaries.

Is this treatment possible during pregnancy? Surgical intervention for the expectant mother is highly undesirable. But for vital indications, laparoscopy can be performed on a woman carrying a child.

Laparotomy (a large incision in the abdomen for free access to the peritoneal organs) is practically not used, since it is fraught with the formation of adhesions for a woman.

Types of operations

With polycystic disease, the following types of surgical intervention are used:

1. Wedge-shaped resection. The part of the ovary containing the largest number of cysts is excised. This is one of the most effective interventions. After it, restoration of the menstrual cycle and ovulation is observed in 85% of patients.
2. Electrocoagulation (cauterization). The doctor makes small "notches" on the ovaries with a needle electrode. This intervention is considered a gentle procedure. With such an operation, the risk of adhesions is minimal.

The effectiveness of surgery is short-term. The ovary has the ability to recover quickly. Therefore, a woman is advised to try to conceive a child within 4–5 months after laparoscopy.

Homeopathic treatment: Cyclodinone, Hamamelis, Aurum Jodis and other remedies

Such therapy can provide positive results if it is selected for each specific case individually. A competent specialist, before prescribing homeopathic remedies, will carry out the necessary diagnostics (for example, according to Voll).

The following drugs can be used to treat polycystic ovary disease:

• Barberis;
• Apis;
• Hamamelis;
• Borax;
• Lycopodium;
• Aurum Yodis;
• Cyclodinone;
• Aurum Metallicum;
• Phosphorus.

Folk remedies to normalize the balance of hormones, restore the cycle of menstruation and ovulation

Many women practice traditional treatment. Such therapy is an additional chance for the body to recover. However, you can use such funds only after consulting a doctor. And it should be remembered that such recipes are not able to replace the treatment prescribed by the doctor.

The plant, officially called Ortilia one-sided, is used to treat a wide variety of gynecological diseases in women. Means prepared on the basis of the boron uterus can be used for a long time (about 1 year).

The following recipes will provide a therapeutic effect for polycystic disease:

1. Tincture:
   • dry grass (80 g) is poured with vodka (0.5 l);
   • insist the remedy in a dark place for 1 week;
   • use a tincture of 0.5 tsp. three times a day before meals.
2. Water infusion:
   • grass (1 tbsp. l.) is poured with boiling water (1 tbsp.);
   • insist the remedy for about 60 minutes;
   • it is recommended to drink the resulting infusion within 1 day.

Bee venom treatment

All products produced by bees (honey, propolis, bee venom) have healing powers. These components are used in the treatment of a wide variety of pathologies.

Bee venom has the greatest medicinal activity.It is used for gynecological diseases such as polycystic disease, infertility, disturbed menstrual cycle, chronic adnexitis.

However, apitherapy (bee sting) has some contraindications. The poison that the bee secretes is practically not inferior to the snake one. Therefore, resort to such methods of treatment is possible only after the permission of a doctor and under the guidance of a competent specialist.

Mumiyo tampons

The treatment procedure is carried out as follows:

1. Mumiyo (100 g) is diluted in warm water (a small amount). Leave for 1 hour.
2. Stir the product thoroughly until a homogeneous mushy mixture is obtained.
3. A hygienic swab is abundantly moistened with a mumiyo composition.
4. It is inserted into the vagina at night.

Such treatment should be carried out daily for 10 days.

Flaxseeds combined with green tea can help improve hormonal balance. These components contribute to the removal of male hormones from the body.

• consume 2 tbsp daily. l. flax seed;
• take green tea extract at 300-400 mg.

Flax seed has a number of contraindications, so this therapy may not be suitable for all patients.

Oregano tea

A variety of herbs can be used to combat PCD. Oregano enhances immunity, reduces pain, helps to normalize hormonal balance.

Oregano is brewed in the usual way (for 1 tbsp. Boiling water - 1 tsp. Herbs). This drink is substituted for tea.

Golden Mustache Tincture

The following remedy has a healing effect:

1. 20–35 joints of the golden mustache are poured with vodka (0.5 l).
2. The infusion is transferred to a dark place for 14 days.
3. They are filtering.
4. It is taken on an empty stomach in the morning and evening. On the first day, use 10 drops, after diluting them in 1 tbsp. l. water. On the second day, the dose is increased by 1 drop. So, adding 1 drop every day, they reach 35. Then they begin to reduce the dose. Reduce 1 drop every day.

Effective treatment includes 5 such courses. There should be breaks in between. The interval between 1 and 2 treatment cycle is 1 week. Between subsequent courses - 10 days.

Black cumin treatment

The seeds and oil of this plant are distinguished by immunostimulating effects and ensure the restoration of the balance of hormones.

What is intraductal papilloma of the mammary gland:

1. A small root of ginger is finely rubbed.
2. Raw materials are poured with boiling water (2 tbsp.).
3. The mixture is boiled on a small fire for half an hour.
4. After removing from heat, a little honey (for taste) and black cumin oil in the amount of 2 tsp are introduced into the broth.

The drink is drunk twice a day for 1 glass.

Sage broth

To stimulate ovulation, restore the menstrual cycle, the following remedy is used:

1. Sage seeds and grass are mixed in equal proportions.
2. The mixture (1 tbsp. L.) Is poured with boiling water (1 tbsp.).
3. The agent is allowed to brew (approximately 30-40 minutes).
4. You can add honey (1 spoon) to the drink to improve the taste.

It is necessary to use the product 2-3 times a day, drinking 1 glass.

Herbs and other folk methods - photo gallery

Borovaya uterus effectively takes care of women's health Bee venom has great healing power Mumiyo is used for setting medicinal tampons Flaxseed helps to reduce the level of male hormones Oregano tea helps to normalize the cycle Golden mustache tincture normalizes hormones Black cumin oil helps to reduce androgen in the body
Sage tea stimulates the ovulation process

Treatment prognosis: is it possible to get pregnant

If the pathology is detected in a timely manner and adequate treatment is undertaken (prescribed by the doctor), then the woman has every chance of becoming pregnant naturally, carrying and giving birth to a baby.

Expectant mothers should be monitored by a doctor for the entire pregnancy and take prescribed medications, since there is a high risk of an increase in androgens in the body that can provoke a miscarriage.

If long-term treatment does not provide a result, then laparoscopy is used, which allows (as mentioned above) 85% of women to enjoy the joy of motherhood.

Possible consequences: what will happen if the disease is not treated

Lack of treatment can lead to disastrous results. Disrupted hormonal balance can provoke the following consequences:

• infertility;
• the development of diabetes mellitus;
• the formation of tumors of the uterus, appendages;
• the appearance of hypertension;
• tendency to uterine bleeding;
• development of heart pathologies.

The lack of adequate treatment for a long time threatens a woman not only with infertility, but also significantly increases the risk of developing oncology.

What is polycystic ovary disease? Polycystic ovary disease, which in the medical literature is called polycystic ovary syndrome (or PCOS by its abbreviation), is an endocrine-hormonal pathology in which there is a bilateral enlargement of the ovaries with the formation in them (or outside) of many benign small cystic formations in the form of vesicles - follicles.

In fact, this abnormal condition is not a disease as such, but represents a whole complex of symptoms in violation of the functions of organs and systems of a different nature, the causes of which are varied.

During the menstrual cycle, many follicles form in a healthy gonad. In the middle of the normal cycle, a mature follicle ruptures, from which an egg is released into the fallopian tube (ovulation), while other follicles are absorbed. But ovulation with polycystic disease does not occur, since the egg inside the dominant follicle does not mature, and all follicles are filled with fluid, transforming into small cysts.

Pathology occurs in 5-10% of women of reproductive age and girls in puberty (the time of puberty) and often becomes the main cause of inability to conceive.

Types of polycystic

There are two forms of polycystic ovary syndrome:

1. Primary polycystic ovary disease that occurs in growing girls during the stabilization of menstrual function. Another term is Stein-Leventhal syndrome or sclerocystic disease. This form is more difficult to respond to therapy and is often hereditary, but surgery also helps with this type of PCOS.
2. Secondary polycystic disease in girls develops after the established normal monthly cycle, in some cases - after the birth of children. It occurs due to inflammation of the reproductive organs or the development of endocrine pathologies, and more often in patients with obesity and insulinemia (an excess of insulin in the blood). Sometimes detected during menopause. The secondary form responds more quickly to drug therapy.

Can only left or right ovary polycystic develop? Most experts say that only polycystic ovary disease is possible, since the cause of this condition is systemic, that is, it affects the entire body, and pathological changes are characteristic of both sex glands. But on the one hand, it is possible, and due to the more active blood supply to the right sex gland, the cyst of the right ovary develops more often. And this is a completely different disease.

In medical practice, one-sided formation of many cysts is recorded, and in this case, the diagnosis is made - polycystic disease of the right ovary (or left).

Symptoms of the disease

The disease sometimes proceeds with practically no symptoms, and the signs of polycystic ovary disease can differ in severity. In some patients, individual manifestations associated with specific causes of polycystic disease (PCOS) are observed.

The following are distinguished:

1. Disorder of menstrual function due to a violation of the ovulation process with polycystic ovary. Menstruation with polycystic ovary is not regular (or absent), the interval between two periods reaches 35 days or more, cyclic bleeding is recorded less than 8 times in 12 months.
2. Sometimes a long delay in menstruation is replaced by profuse prolonged bleeding due to pathological thickening of the inner lining of the uterus - endometrial hyperplasia.
3. Pain in the lower abdomen, periodic, pulling, with recoil (irradiation) to the sacrum, lower back.
4. The appearance of striae (light or pink-purple stripes) on the skin of the breasts, abdomen and thighs.
5. Increased fragility of nails and hair.
6. Excess weight (increase in body weight by 10 - 15 kg). Fat deposition is distributed either evenly or in the abdomen and shoulder girdle.
7. Frequent relapses of vaginal candidiasis (thrush), pustular skin infections.
8. Constancy of temperature (rectal) throughout the entire cycle. For the normal functioning of the gonads, a temperature jump is characteristic at the time of ovulation (from 36.7 - 37 C before ovulation and to 37.2 - 37.3 after).
9. Inability to conceive. In polycystic ovary disease, due to a violation of the ovulation process, primary infertility is observed in 25% of patients.
10. Excess male steroids - androgens, leading to the appearance of external male characteristics:

• active hair growth (hirsutism) on the face, along the jawline, on the neck, mammary glands, abdomen, back, hips, arms (hirsutism);
• hair loss (alopecia);
• increased production of sebum, seborrhea and acne (acne) of varying degrees.

Do you use folk remedies?

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Causes of PCOS

Experts have not yet come to a consensus on the causes of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). But doctors believe that the pathology is based on multiple disorders in the body:

1. Disorder of the pituitary gland and hypothalamus, causing dysfunction of the ovaries and adrenal glands, impaired production of gonadotropins LH and FSH, increased secretion of prolactin, melatonin, serotonin.
2. Dysfunction of the thyroid gland and a decrease in the production of thyroid hormones - triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4).
3. Increased production of male hormones due to the activity of the adrenal cortex.
4. Failure of the gonads, which is manifested by the absence of ovulation, abnormally high secretion of estrogen.
5. Among the causes of polycystic ovary disease are abnormally active production of insulin by the pancreas and low sensitivity of cells to it (insulin resistance). Insulin levels become so high that the ovaries react by secreting excess male hormones (40-60%).
6. Overweight and obesity (fatty mass produces hormones, disrupting healthy hormonal status).
7. Increased production of hormone-like active substances - prostaglandins.
8. Heredity. More often, women get sick, close relatives of which had tumors of the gonads and uterus (of any nature).

In addition, hormonal disorders with the subsequent development of polycystic ovary syndrome can be provoked by:

• infectious diseases;
• emotional experiences, including latent and long-term;
• poisoning with phenol, formaldehyde, chlorine, heavy metal salts, benzene;
• long-term and uncontrolled use of contraceptive pills.

Features of the functioning of FSH and LH in polycystic

The imbalance in the production of FSH and LH (follicle-stimulating and luteinizing) hormones is one of the underlying causes leading to polycystic disease. With a low FSH in the ovaries, a deficiency of enzymes develops that accelerate the production of female sex hormones - estrogens. As a result, the accumulation of male androgens occurs in the ovaries, which inhibit the maturation of follicles, causing their cystic degeneration.

At the same time, an abnormally high production of LH (luteotropin) activates the production of androgens, leading to a decrease in FSH and the production of estrogens.

Consequences of polycystic ovary syndrome

The consequences of polycystic ovary disease with a prolonged course without proper treatment are as follows:

1. In 45 - 60% of cases, a woman is not capable of conceiving, and in case of pregnancy, patients suffer from frequent miscarriages or do not carry the fetus.
2. Severe anemia due to massive uterine bleeding.
3. Disorders in the metabolism of fats and carbohydrates, initiating the gradual development of type 2 diabetes mellitus, which by the time of menopause (45-50 years) is diagnosed in half of the patients.
4. During pregnancy, gestational diabetes or preeclampsia (a threatening condition of severe hypertension and destruction of kidney tissue) develops.
5. The risk of developing atherosclerosis, stroke, heart disease, since the increased testosterone content and the failure of the fat absorption process leads to an increase in triglycerides, "bad" cholesterol - LDL and a decrease in "good" cholesterol - HDL.
6. Severe inflammation - non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (due to accumulation of fat in the liver).
7. Malignancy or malignant degeneration of endometrial cells, provoked, firstly, by excessive proliferation of the endometrium due to the absence of monthly bleeding, which normally remove the dead cell layer, and secondly, due to the increased content of estrogen.

Diagnostics

Diagnosis is an important step in distinguishing the disease from other pathologies with similar symptoms, and in developing the correct treatment strategy, since the methods of therapy differ depending on the causes of PCOS.

To make a diagnosis of polycystic ovary disease, a complete examination is required, which includes (in addition to the examination by a gynecologist) ultrasound and laboratory tests.

Diagnostics with ultrasound scanning

To determine polycystic ovary disease on an ultrasound scan, for the purpose of accurate diagnosis, it is performed three times during a monthly cycle. A single ultrasound scan, not confirmed by analyzes, is not enough for a complete diagnosis.

Criteria for the visual picture in PCOS:

• multiple (more than 10) small follicular cysts (up to 10 mm) under the thickened capsule, located on the surface of the ovary;
• ovaries increase up to 40 mm in width and 50 - 60 mm in length, volume is more than 9 ml;
• thickening of the endometrium (the inner layer of the uterus), in which hyperplastic (overgrown) tissue is 25% of the volume;
• often - a reduced volume of the uterus itself (underdevelopment).

What blood tests to take and when

It is very important to donate blood for the study of hormonal status, lipid (fat) blood profile, sugar and insulin.

Hormones

Conduct laboratory determination of the concentration of the following hormones:

1. The androgen DHEA-S, which is produced only by the adrenal glands. For proper treatment, it is important to establish what is the cause of hyperandrogenism (excessive secretion of male hormones) of the ovaries or adrenal glands. This indicator is necessary to identify the internal cause of such symptoms in polycystic disease as hirsutism, baldness, impaired reproductive function.
2. Free testosterone (T). If the free testosterone in the blood is more than 1%, the woman will definitely show signs of hyperandrogenism.
3. FSH and LH, an analysis is necessary to understand whether there are disorders in the work of the pituitary gland. The main function of FSH is to stimulate the ovaries and prepare follicles for ovulation. If LH is more than normal, and the LH / FSH ratio is increased, this means that there are disorders in the function of the pituitary gland in the regulation of the reproductive system.
4. Estradiol. This is the most active estrogen and its low and high levels indicate certain problems.
5. Cortisol. A deviation in its content (more than 20 or less than 7 - 9 mg / dl) indicates severe stress, which can provoke the development of cyst in the ovaries.
6. Prolactin. The hormone is produced by the pituitary gland. Elevated prolactin levels may be an indicator of a pituitary tumor that is activating excess hormone secretion. High prolactin content inhibits FSH and fertility. Its increase may indicate such causes of polycystic ovary as: tumors of the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, Turkish saddle area, hypothyroidism, Cushing's syndrome.

With polycystic, depending on the causes, provocateurs in the blood plasma note:

• an increase in LH and the LH / FSH ratio, which is more than 2.5;
• lowering FSH and 17-OH progesterone (in the second phase of the cycle);
• increased estradiol levels (often);
• increased content of free testosterone, DHEA-s, prolactin (optional).

The analysis for hormones for diagnosis should be carried out clearly in certain phases of the menstrual cycle (in the first, in the middle - during ovulation, at the end), otherwise the study will not be uninformative.

The analysis for LH, FSH and prolactin is taken on the 3rd - 5th day of the monthly cycle, DHEA-s (DHEA-S) and free testosterone on the 8th - 10th day, 17-OH progesterone and estradiol on the 21st - 22nd day of the cycle. If the phases are not expressed, blood is donated after 7 to 10 days.

Other studies

For the purpose of a comprehensive diagnosis of ovarian cystosis, the following studies are carried out:

1. Determination of the concentration of low density lipoproteins (with PCOS increases) and high density (decreases) with polycystic ovary syndrome.
2. A test for glucose tolerance (insulin resistance), elevated insulin levels, and high blood sugar indicate a violation of carbohydrate metabolism.
3. Tests for thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), thyrotropin (TSH) to exclude hypo- or hyperthyroidism.
4. Dexamethasone test and ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) test to distinguish different types of polycystic ovary disease.
5. Laparoscopy for polycystic disease is performed for differential diagnosis. Usually, during laparoscopy, it is determined that the ovaries are enlarged, their surface is bumpy, the follicular capsules have a characteristic whitish color. In addition, laparoscopy for polycystic disease is one of the most effective methods of sparing surgical treatment of the disease.

Methods for the treatment of polycystic ovary

The treatment regimen for polycystic disease is selected by a specialist for each patient individually. The methods of therapy depend on a large number of factors - this is the severity of symptoms, and the woman's age, and the desire to become pregnant, and individual physiological characteristics, and background pathologies.

Not only a gynecologist is involved in the treatment of polycystic ovary disease, the following specialists can prescribe therapy:

• nutritionist;
• reproductologist;
• endocrinologist;
• surgeon.

A woman should understand that it is completely impossible to get rid of polycystic disease. But with properly selected therapy and relief of clinical signs of the disease, you can achieve the main goal - to get pregnant and give birth to a healthy baby.

The main goals of therapy for polycystic ovary:

1. In case of obesity, it is necessary to reduce weight. For this, a low-calorie diet, feasible physical activity is prescribed.
2. Normalize and stabilize hormonal balance. A woman should take special drugs that suppress male hormones, restore the menstrual cycle and eliminate metabolic disorders.
3. If a woman or girl with a diagnosed polycystic ovary wants to conceive a child, then it is necessary to stimulate ovulation. Provided that the treatment has yielded positive results, and the woman's body is ready for pregnancy, therapy is prescribed that stimulates the release of an egg from the ovary for further fertilization.

Each stage of the treatment of polycystic disease must be monitored by a doctor to assess the correctness of the chosen tactics. In some cases, additional techniques are required.

Medication for PCOS

Not so long ago, polycystic disease could only be treated with surgery, but now experts prefer conservative treatment. Such therapy avoids the occurrence of adhesions, early menopause, ovarian failure, as well as trauma to blood vessels and nerves.

Since the causes of polycystic disease lie in hormonal disorders, its treatment is associated with the intake of hormonal drugs. But sometimes doctors recommend not to take hormonal drugs, but to follow the following recommendations:

• to refuse from bad habits;
• choose the optimal diet;
• speed up metabolism through physical activity;
• take a course of anti-inflammatory therapy, since PCOS develops as a result of chronic pathologies of the pelvic organs.

The following treatments for polycystic disease can also be used:

• acupuncture;
• hirudotherapy;
• acupressure;
• reflexology and so on.

Non-hormonal treatment of the disease requires more effort and will take longer. This treatment is safer, but it does not always lead to positive results.

In the treatment of polycystic ovary disease, doctors use the following medications:

1. Remens. This is a homeopathic remedy, which in its essence is not a direct remedy for polycystic disease, but in complex therapy it allows you to regulate the menstrual cycle. The drug is available in drops and tablets. It must be taken for at least 3 months, 3 times a day. Remens has no side effects, but since it is an herbal remedy, allergic reactions are possible. If, while taking Remens, a woman has pain in the upper abdomen, nausea, malaise, or the color of urine changes, stop taking the drug and consult a doctor.
2. Veroshpiron. It is a diuretic, but it contains substances that inhibit the synthesis of androgens. The drug has a side effect - drowsiness. The course of taking Veroshpiron with polycystic ovaries is six months. You need to start taking the medication on the 5th day of the menstrual cycle, and finish at 25. Then, take a break and resume taking it again on the 5th day of the menstrual cycle.
3. Metformin. This medication is prescribed by doctors to treat and prevent diabetes, but it can relieve symptoms such as acne, facial hair growth, and Metformin helps women with polycystic disease to get pregnant.
4. Siofor. This is a non-hormonal drug, but a sugar-containing hypoglycemic agent, which is prescribed for diabetes mellitus to compensate for the lack of insulin. When insulin is produced in insufficient quantities in the human body, increased synthesis of androgens (male hormones) begins.
5. Glucophage. This remedy is an analogue of Siofor and Metformin, since the active substance of Glucophage is the same metformin, which lowers blood sugar levels and allows you to balance male and female hormones. Metformin, Siofor, Glucophage are prescribed only if polycystic disease is provoked by diabetes mellitus.
6. Jess. It is a low hormone oral contraceptive. It has a mild effect, normalizes the balance of hormones, does not lead to weight gain, and improves the condition of the skin. The tool should be used for at least six months.
7. Duphaston. A hormonal agent that is prescribed when a deficiency of progesterone is detected. This hormone affects the maturation of the egg and the state of the endometrium, which is important for conception. The drug is prescribed from 10, 14 or 16 days of the cycle. Reception ends on day 25-27 (for a break during menstruation). The drug normalizes the cycle, reduces pain during menstruation, reduces the amount of estrogen, which can provoke various tumor processes in the female organs of the reproductive system. Duphaston does not lead to an increase in body weight.
8. Utrozhestan. This is an analogue of Duphaston, which has a mild sedative effect. A contraindication is thromboembolic disorders. It can be administered both orally and vaginally (only if ovarian dysfunction is observed).
9. Cyclodinone. Herbal preparation that normalizes the menstrual cycle. It is often prescribed for patients who experience discomfort in the mammary glands. This sign indicates the activity of prolactin, and Cyclodinone is able to reduce its production and improve the condition of a woman. This drug does not affect the pathogenesis of polycystic disease, and it is prescribed only to relieve negative symptoms.

If the treatment of polycystic ovary disease is carried out for more than a year and a half, but remains ineffective, if stimulation with Klostilbegit does not lead to conception, then IVF is prescribed. This is an assisted reproductive technology that allows you to conceive, carry and give birth to a healthy baby. At the same time, it is important to prevent ovarian hyperstimulation, therefore IVF is recommended in cases where all methods have been tried, but they did not give a positive effect.

Removal surgery for polycystic

Surgical intervention for polycystic ovary is used in the following cases:

• infertility that does not respond to drug treatment;
• suspicion of the presence of tumor formations (cancer);
• or twisted legs;
• strong pain, not relieved by medication;
• acute adnexitis.

The operation to remove polycystic ovaries is performed using the following techniques:

• wedge resection of the ovary. With this method, only the affected areas of the organ are excised. After wedge resection in 80% of cases, it is possible to achieve the onset of ovulation;
• electrocautery of the ovaries.

In most cases, the laparoscopic method of removal is used, which reduces the risk of adhesions and obstruction of the fallopian tubes. The intervention is performed under general anesthesia.

After the operation, the menstrual cycle is restored and a woman can become pregnant within six months. If conception does not occur within a year, then doctors recommend using the IVF procedure.

Surgery for polycystic ovary is a temporary measure. Every second patient has a relapse of the pathology. Therefore, even after the birth of a child, a woman should continue hormone therapy, which is prescribed by specialists.

Physiotherapy for PCOS

Physiotherapy procedures do not directly affect the hormonal background, but they normalize metabolic processes, blood circulation in the small pelvis, burn fat and have a positive effect on neuro-reflex regulation. Physiotherapy also has an anti-inflammatory and calming effect.

Effective physiotherapy procedures for polycystic in women are:

• paraffin applications;
• electrophoresis;
• galvanophoresis;
• mud therapy;
• magnetotherapy;
• laser therapy;
• charcot shower or circular shower;
• sea, coniferous, sodium chloride baths.

The procedures are prescribed on the 5-7th day of the cycle, when the menstruation is completely over.

Diet for polycystic ovary disease and vitamins

Polycystic obesity must be treated in combination with weight loss. And it is not enough just to stop eating after 6 pm or to reduce the portion size. Weight gain in polycystic disease is a consequence of metabolic disorders.

Principles of dietary nutrition for PCOS:

• eating foods with a low glycemic index;
• complete rejection of sugars, preference should be given to slow carbohydrates;
• fractional meals (in small portions several times a day);
• decrease in the diet of animal fats;
• introduction of plant foods rich in fiber.

Sample meal schedule:

• first breakfast - 7-9 am, but no later than an hour after waking up;
• second breakfast - 10-12 hours;
• lunch - 13-15 hours;
• dinner - 16-18 hours;
• late dinner - no later than 1.5 hours before bedtime.

Allowed Products:

• lean meat;
• a fish;
• eggs;
• mushrooms;
• vegetables, berries and fruits (with the exception of melons, persimmons and other foods that contain a lot of sugar);
• greenery;
• dried fruits;
• dairy products;
• cereals;
• vegetable oils.

Prohibited foods for polycystic:

• fatty meat and fish;
• dairy products with high fat content;
• butter, margarine;
• smoked meats and sausages;
• foods rich in starch (semolina, potatoes);
• condiments and sauces;
• fast food and semi-finished products;
• confectionery;
• strong tea and coffee.

Read more about and therapeutic methods in our next article.

Polycystic ovary disease and pregnancy

Without treatment, polycystic disease and pregnancy are incompatible concepts. And even if a miracle happens, pregnancy can be complicated and end in termination. An integrated approach to treatment can lead to the desired conception, but after childbirth, a woman must definitely continue supportive therapy so that the disease does not relapse.

Forecast

It is impossible to completely cure polycystic ovary disease, but it is quite possible to live a full life and give birth to a child. The main thing is not to ignore the manifestations of pathology, to consult a doctor in a timely manner and follow all his recommendations.

The state of pathological changes in the structure and dysfunction of the ovaries, occurring against the background of neuroendocrine metabolic disorders. In other words, this is a concept that unites a heterogeneous group of violations of the "hypothalamus-pituitary" feedback mechanism, which manifest themselves as clinical and biochemical changes and lead to a chronic absence of ovulation.

Primary polycystic ovary disease is a genetically determined disease that forms with the onset of ovarian function and manifests itself, as a rule, at puberty. Secondary polycystic ovary disease is not an independent disease and is presented as a set of symptoms, therefore the disease is called polycystic ovary syndrome. Secondary polycystic disease develops after a period of normal menstrual function.

Polycystic ovary disease leads to an imbalance in the menstrual cycle, obesity, and excessive hairiness (hirsutism). If an inflammatory process occurs on the surface of the ovaries, then follicles are formed, in which fluid and eggs are concentrated, which did not have time to mature. According to medical statistics, polycystic disease occurs in 10% of women of reproductive age and who have not entered the stage of menopause. Polycystic disease causes infertility.

Symptoms of polycystic ovary disease

Clinical signs of polycystic ovary disease are also found in other diseases, therefore, if polycystic ovary disease is suspected, a complete diagnosis is made.

The symptoms of polycystic ovary disease are variable. It is not necessary that the patient will immediately show 100% of the symptoms of the disease:

Treatment of polycystic ovary

For the treatment of polycystic ovary, two directions are used:

• conservative;
• surgical.

Conservative methods

The effectiveness of using hormonal drugs is 50%. This method of treatment stimulates the growth and development of follicles in the ovaries, followed by ovulation.

A rare case of treatment is the use of oral contraceptives with antiandrogenic properties, for 2-3 months. During this period, ovulation is restored, which is conducive to pregnancy. The use of drugs is effective even during the period when pregnancy is not planned.

To induce regular menstrual cycles, it is possible to use a synthetic female sex hormone progesterone - progestogen. As a rule, in pharmacies, estrogen-based preparations are sold with a low content of anti-androgen: a substance that blocks the effect of male sex hormones and cyproterone acetate. Spironolactone has a similar effect. With the help of cyproterone acetate, the appearance of acne, acne and excess hair growth is controlled.

In the case of excess weight, among the mandatory drugs for weight loss. Sometimes weight loss is a prerequisite for restoring the ovulation process.

For this purpose, metformin is used:

However, it is worth remembering that the effect of the drugs used in the treatment of polycystic ovary disease will not be immediately visible.

If this method does not bring positive results, then a different technique may be used, the duration of which is 4-6 months.

Treatment consists in careful ultrasound control, as well as receiving, in the first phase of the cycle, hormones that stimulate ovulation in case of sufficient maturation of the dominant follicle.

At the end of the first part of the treatment, drugs are prescribed, the action of which is aimed at maintaining the functioning of the formed corpus luteum.

Surgical methods

The methods of surgical intervention are aimed at achieving the following goals:

With the help of surgical intervention, ovulation is restored in 90% of cases, and the probability of achieving uterine pregnancy and giving birth to a child is 70%.

The negative side of such an operation is the short duration of the result, therefore, they try to ensure that the pregnancy takes place within 4-5 months.

Operations on the ovaries for polycystic disease are tried to be performed exclusively with the use of a laparoscopic approach. Otherwise, adhesions form in the small pelvis.

Surgery uses two types of interventions:

• wedge resection;
• laparoscopic electrocoagulation.

In the first case, ovulation is restored by 85%. The second method (gentle, since it does not cause the risk of adhesion formation) is the application, with a needle electrode, of a kind of notches.

If, for four or six months, conservative treatment does not bring positive results, laparoscopy is used. In the future, against the background of postoperative effective treatment, it is possible to use hormonal therapy. The proposed combined treatment regimen can relieve a woman from polycystic ovary disease and infertility.

Folk remedies for the treatment of polycystic ovary

Popular folk remedies:

• red brush;
• boron uterus;
• licorice or dandelion root;
• mint;
• nettle;
• milk thistle.

Borovaya uterus also helps with other problems in the gynecological field. Borovaya uterus is used in conjunction with other drugs, since it has no antiandrogenic effect. For this, the boron uterus is prepared in the form of an infusion or herbal decoction.

Causes of polycystic ovary

The factor that triggers the disease is a malfunction of the hypothalamus, adrenal glands and pituitary gland, which leads to incorrect production of hormones in the thyroid and pancreas.

In addition, with the development of pathology, muscle and adipose tissues become less sensitive to insulin, which is deposited in the blood. This stimulates the ovaries, which begin to intensively synthesize estrogen and androgens, which leads to disruptions in ovulation.

Polycystic disease develops according to a different pattern: ovarian tissue becomes more sensitive to insulin, while muscle and adipose tissue remain normal. At the same time, the content of insulin in the blood remains at an average level, but the ovaries that are sensitive to it continue to produce an increased amount of androgens and estrogen, which provokes a delay in ovulation.

Factors that provoke polycystic ovary:

• disturbances in the work of hormone-producing glands and organs;
• elevated blood insulin levels;
• excess body weight;
• violation of hormonal levels;
• inflammatory processes of a chronic nature;
• heredity;
• pathology in the development and formation of the fetus.

Diagnostics of the polycystic ovary

The diagnosis of polycystic ovary disease is based on the presence of at least two of the following criteria:

In order to confirm the diagnosis of polycystic ovary disease, objective, instrumental and laboratory methods are also used:

Laboratory diagnostics consists in determining the level of hormones of the ovaries, pituitary and adrenal glands in the blood:

• follicle-stimulating and luteinizing hormones;
• estradiol;
• progesterone;
• prolactin;
• 7-hydrooskyprogesterone;
• androstenedione;
• dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate;
• cortisol;
• testosterone.

The level of lipids is also investigated in order to determine a possible violation of lipid metabolism. In addition, to detect a violation of carbohydrate metabolism, the level of glucose and insulin in the blood is determined, and a glucose tolerance test is performed. Laparoscopy will help to confirm cystic bilateral changes in the ovaries.

Differential diagnosis

Symptoms of polycystic ovary disease are also manifested in other gynecological diseases. With hypothyroidism, amenorrhea is possible as a result of an underactive thyroid gland. Hyperprolactinemia is characterized by a decrease in ovulation due to an increased amount of prolactin produced by the pituitary gland.

As a result of some neoplasms of the ovaries and adrenal glands, the level of androgens in women increases. Therefore, before making final conclusions about the diagnosis of polycystic ovary disease, the doctor excludes the possibility of these pathological conditions.

Complications of polycystic ovary

Polycystic ovary syndrome leads to a number of complications:

Classification of polycystic ovary

There are three types of polycystic ovary disease:

Polycystic ovary disease and pregnancy

Infertility is recorded on average in 94% of women with this pathology. After treatment, in 80-90% of patients, the ovulatory cycle can be restored, however, the effectiveness of this recovery in terms of fertility is maximum 60%.

When diagnosing a disease, women are faced with the question of how to get pregnant with polycystic ovary, because the disease is the main factor in the development of infertility and menstruation disorders. Stimulation of ovulation with polycystic ovary is carried out using the drug Duphaston.

However, pregnancy during polycystic disease turns into complications - bleeding, the risk of early miscarriage, as well as fetal fading. In this case, the doctor prescribes a treatment plan:

• diet for polycystic ovary;
• hormone replacement therapy;
• taking the drug Duphaston;
• laparoscopy.

Polycystic ovary disease is an unexplained disease that causes a lot of pain and leads to infertility. Today, hormonal therapy is prescribed for treatment with the simultaneous administration of the drug Duphaston, and if it is impossible to cure the disease in this way, laparoscopy is prescribed. At the same time, the result of treatment can be fixed with folk remedies.

Prediction and prevention of polycystic ovary

With the diagnosis and treatment, it is possible to restore ovulation and normalize the menstrual cycle. The chances of pregnancy at the same time reach 80% or more. However, this treatment often has a temporary effect, and full recovery does not occur.

There is no specific prevention of the disease. Considering that the formation of polycystic ovary disease begins even in girls in puberty, with a violation of the menstrual cycle, the development of obesity and manifestations of hyperandrogenism, a gynecologist's consultation is mandatory.

Questions and answers on "Polycystic ovary disease"

Question: Do I need treatment for polycystic disease if I'm 38 years old, 2 children and no pregnancy is planned.

Answer: Hello! Read about the consequences of untreated polycystic ovary disease in the section.

Question: Hello! I am 21 years old. 4 Months ago, after I quit regulon (I drank for about 2 years), I had a delay in menstruation and gained weight. The ultrasound was diagnosed with signs of endometrium. The structure of the ovaries is of the type of polycystic ovary. How is it treated? And can I get pregnant?

Answer: Hello! In polycystic ovary syndrome, the egg may not mature, and this can cause problems with conception, but the severity of the disorders varies. Treatment is prescribed depending on the clinical picture, hormonal examination data and ultrasound data.

Question: Hello! I am 27 years old, 3 years ago I was diagnosed with polycystic ovary disease, for a year now I have been taking Yarin's tablets, tell me what to do in order to get pregnant?

Answer: Hello. It is necessary to cancel contraception and give stimulation (in the event that the menstrual cycle remains irregular).

Question: Hello! I am almost 21 years old. There was a month delay of almost 9 months. After numerous tests and ultrasound, including the thyroid gland, since before the delay I gained weight very sharply and now I can not get rid of excess weight, I was diagnosed with polycystic ovary disease. Prescribed to drink dyufaston to cause menstruation, and then take "yarina" and glucophage. Tell me, how dangerous is polycystic ovary disease and is it possible to start taking contraceptives so early?

Answer: Hello. Polycystic ovary syndrome is a chronic disease, at a young age it is manifested by delays in menstruation, there may be excessive growth of body hair, rashes on the face, back, chest, and a tendency to be overweight. In your case, the use of yarina is reasonable and logical - in addition to regulating the menstrual cycle, this drug has a positive effect on the skin. And be sure to try to lose weight.

Polycystic ovary disease is a disease characterized by the appearance of a large number of cystic neoplasms of both ovaries at once. The diagnosis of PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome) is one of the main causes of infertility. In this article, we will take a closer look at what polycystic ovary disease is and how to treat it.

The reproductive system of a woman functions due to the correct functioning of the endocrine glands (thyroid and adrenal glands), hypothalamus, pituitary and ovaries. In the event of dysfunction of any of the above systems, the activity of the entire reproductive system is disrupted. A woman's body becomes more sensitive to infections and inflammation. Thus, not only a simple cyst of the corpus luteum can arise, but also many small cysts - polycystic.

Numerous cysts on the ovary can be either single or form whole "clusters". As a result, the maturation of the follicle is disrupted, and ovulation does not occur. Accordingly, conception becomes impossible.

According to statistics, polycystic ovary syndrome occurs in 5-10% of women of reproductive age. There are times when the symptoms of PCOS appear in a teenage girl after the beginning of the first period. The peak of the disease is 30 years. It is in women of this age that the signs of PCOS are pronounced, the disease progresses rapidly and requires immediate treatment. After 50 years of age, polycystic ovary syndrome most often does not occur.

PCOS after childbirth is not uncommon. This is explained by the fact that during pregnancy, a woman's hormones completely change for bearing a child. And after childbirth, the body is restructured and restored. It is at this point that polycystic ovaries can begin to develop, which is facilitated by an increase / decrease in estrogen, progesterone, androgens and an imbalance of male and female hormones. Many patients are concerned about the question of how to cure polycystic ovary disease and whether it is possible to become pregnant with this diagnosis. In both cases, the answer is yes. However, it is imperative to follow all the doctor's recommendations.

Timely diagnostics and the appointment of competent treatment for polycystic ovary syndrome helps not only to get rid of the disease, but also to prevent the development of complications.

Factors of occurrence

The causes of polycystic ovary disease are not fully understood. However, modern medicine identifies a number of factors that contribute to the development of the disease.

The causes of polycystic ovary:

• infections and prolonged inflammation of the uterine appendages (ovaries and fallopian tubes);
• overweight, obesity;
• abortion;
• diabetes;
• disruption of the endocrine glands;
• heredity;
• heavy labor activity;
• improper installation of the intrauterine device;
• trauma to the pelvic organs;
• hormonal disorders.

Treatment of polycystic ovary disease consists not only in removing and relieving painful symptoms, but also in the obligatory elimination of the root cause of the disease. So what are the symptoms of polycystic ovary syndrome and when is urgent medical attention needed?

Signs of the disease

The symptoms of polycystic disease are different for every woman. Some patients experience aching, sometimes sharp pain in the lower abdomen. Others do not care at all. However, the first manifestations of pathology are considered to be:

• violation of the menstrual cycle;
• an unreasonable increase in body weight;
• the appearance of male-type body hair (chest, face, abdomen).

If any of the above symptoms appear, a woman should think about the correct activity of the body and consult a doctor.

Also, there are such signs of polycystic ovary:

• lack of ovulation;
• discharge between periods;
• "Daub" in the middle of the cycle;
• different duration of menstruation;
• frequent delays;
• an increase in the size of the appendages;
• aching pain in the lower abdomen;
• oily skin and hair, acne on the neck, shoulders or back;
• swelling of the mammary glands, the appearance of fibrocystic mastopathy;
• increased insulin levels in the blood;
• chronic anovulation;
• inability to conceive a child for more than one year.

Thus, the causes of polycystic ovary disease are diverse and it is quite easy to confuse them with symptoms of another disease of the pelvic organs. However, first of all, a woman should be alerted by unusual discharge and regular delay in menstruation. You can also measure BT (basal temperature), which should increase in the second phase of the menstrual cycle. In polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), basal temperature does not change.

Important! If a woman experiences a sharp pain in the lower abdomen, nausea, vomiting, fever or loss of consciousness, she needs to urgently consult a doctor!

Ultrasound scan of ovaries with polycystic

How to identify the disease

It is impossible to diagnose polycystic ovary disease, considering only the results of ultrasound. This is explained by the fact that the clinical picture of this disorder can also be observed in a healthy woman, that is, an error is possible. In addition, quite often on ultrasound, polycystic disease of the right ovary is determined, but in fact, affecting one appendage, cystic neoplasms soon affect the other. Also, diseases that give similar echoes should be excluded. These include hypothyroidism, Cushing's syndrome, hyperprolactinemia. That is why PCOS diagnostics include:

1. Gynecological examination;
2. Taking anamnesis and determining all symptoms;
3. Ultrasound of the pelvic organs;
4. General analysis of blood and urine;
5. Blood test for hormones (LH, FSH, T4, TSH, T3, etc.);
6. Laparoscopy.

Only a complete decoding of the above analyzes and examinations makes it possible to see the change in the size, structure and shape of the ovaries, their functionality, to confirm / deny the disease and the possible risk of complications.

Treatment

Treatment for polycystic ovary disease is long and multi-stage. Unfortunately, it cannot be completely cured. The task of the gynecologist is not only to restore the normal function of the appendages, but also to eliminate all the disorders that provoked this disease.

Initially, the doctor prescribes pain relievers to relieve symptoms of polycystic ovary disease and treat the hypothalamic-pituitary system. Then it is necessary to establish the production of androgens by the appendages, eliminate excess weight and restore the menstrual cycle.

Polycystic ovary syndrome is treated with a conservative and surgical method. Based on the test results obtained, the soreness of the symptoms and the woman's desire to become pregnant, the attending physician chooses the most appropriate method of treatment.

Drug treatment

How to treat polycystic ovary disease with conservative methods? First of all, it is necessary to establish nutrition and lifestyle. There is even a special diet for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), which is to exclude alcohol, coffee, fatty, fried, smoked and spicy foods. It is also recommended to do fasting days. The total number of calories is 1200-1800 per day. Five meals a day. Polycystic ovary syndrome also requires the mandatory use of vegetables, fruits, herbs, fish, cottage cheese, kefir. You should give up sweets, flour products, honey.

Physical activity is essential if you are overweight or obese. These should be light exercises that do not cause discomfort to the patient.

Remember! If pain occurs with polycystic ovary disease during exercise, you should immediately stop physical activity and consult a doctor for a second examination!

As for medications, the doctor prescribes not only pain relievers, but also hormonal drugs. Oral contraceptives (birth control pills) restore the menstrual cycle and the endocrine system, eliminate hyperandrogenism. Some of them stimulate ovulation and promote proper release of the egg. Such drugs as Janine, Marvelon, Yarina, Jess have proven their effectiveness in PCOS.

Wedge-shaped resection for polycystic

Surgery

How to treat polycystic ovary with surgical methods? For this, two methods of performing the operation are used:

1. Wedge-shaped resection. Damaged tissue is removed, including the capsule and stroma. Helps restore ovulation and reduce the production of androgens.
2. Coagulation. The doctor makes incisions on the ovarian capsule and cauterizes the cysts. This method is considered the most gentle.

Surgical intervention takes place using the method. The operation is performed only if conservative methods of treatment do not give the desired result or the patient begins to develop endometrial hyperplasia.

Alternative treatment

Unfortunately, many women do not trust modern medicine and today's doctors in particular. Therefore, there are a lot of those who are interested in whether it is possible to cure polycystic ovary disease using folk methods.

The ineffectiveness of folk remedies for PCOS has long been proven. However, women still continue to take herbal infusions and herbal teas. Yes, some herbs perfectly relieve painful symptoms, contribute to the reduction and independent resorption of a single cystic formation (for example, a cyst of the corpus luteum of the ovary). These include the boron uterus and the red brush. But! With multiple cysts, folk methods are powerless, and in combination with hormonal therapy, they can completely lead to irreparable consequences. That is why only a competent specialist will tell you how to treat polycystic ovary disease and what kind of nutrition is needed.

What is the threat of PCOS?

If there is no competent treatment or the woman does not adhere to all the doctor's prescriptions, the consequences of polycystic ovary disease will not be long in coming. In addition to the appearance of body hair, increased oily skin, acne and weight gain, PCOS contributes to the development of a host of diseases.

What is the danger of polycystic ovary disease? First of all, these are:

• infertility;
• adhesions in the pelvic organs;
• hypertension, stroke;
• endometriosis;
• endometrial cancer;
• cervical cancer;
• mastopathy and breast cancer.

If the polycystic transformation of the appendages is detected during pregnancy, the expectant mother is in danger of the following:

• severe pregnancy;
• spontaneous abortion (miscarriage) in the early stages;
• premature and difficult labor (earlier 36-38 weeks);
• late toxicosis;
• diabetes of pregnant women.

Thus, it is important for a woman to know the manifestation of the disease, what it is and how to treat PCOS. Early diagnosis and proper treatment will help minimize possible complications and prevent infertility.

One of the most common diagnoses in modern gynecology is polycystic ovary disease; the causes and symptoms of the disease are associated with systemic hormonal imbalance and can develop infertility. To exclude this kind of complications, the choice of conservative therapy is made by the attending physician only after the passed diagnosis. In the worst case, women with endocrine infertility are not destined to experience the joy of motherhood, but they will have to be treated in one course.

What is polycystic ovary disease

If ovarian metabolism is disturbed, abnormal changes in the functions and structure of the ovary occur. Steroidogenesis progresses, which disrupts the specificity and duration of menstrual cycles in the female body, and reduces reproductive activity. Stein-Leventhal syndrome (another name for polycystic disease) contributes to secondary infertility, develops other chronic diseases like a woman.

Primary polycystic disease is formed at the genetic level, and progresses only in puberty. It is a serious disease, difficult to treat conservatively. Secondary polycystic disease is not an independent ailment, the complex of unpleasant symptoms in practice is called "Polycystic ovary syndrome" - PCOS in gynecology. The disease does not manifest itself immediately, and the relapse is due not only to the patient's age, but also to the influence of a number of pathogenic factors.

The reasons

Overweight women are more likely to suffer from polycystic disease than slender patients (with normal weight), so the first recommendation of a specialist is to control body weight, avoid obesity, and regulate hormonal levels. It is important to understand that the pathological process is accompanied by an excess production of androgens - male hormones as a result of a jump, excess insulin in the blood. This leads not only to a disorder of the menstrual cycle, but also to a sharp decrease in the possibilities of reproductive functions.

The following pathogenic factors can lead to an imbalance of the hormone progesterone, intensive synthesis of androgens and progressive polycystic disease:

• nervous shock;
• the presence of chronic infections;
• change of climatic conditions;
• poor heredity;
• irregular sex life;
• environmental factor;
• colds;
• a large number of abortions performed;
• pathology in the endocrine glands;
• chronic diseases inherent in the pituitary gland, hypothalamus, ovaries, thyroid gland.

Classification

Since pituitary hormones are produced in abnormal concentrations, additional hormonal medications are needed. Before starting intensive care, it is required to become familiar with the diagnosis of polycystic disease and study the classification associated with characteristic dysfunctions. So there are:

1. Ovarian form. The ovaries are ignored if forced ovulation is predominant. This is explained by the permissible indicator and the ratio of sex hormones in the blood.
2. Adrenal form. A characteristic symptom is hirsutism, a woman complains of sweating, weight gain, acne.
3. Diencephalic form. May predominate with multiple cysts, malignant ovarian tumors. Dysfunctions of the endocrine system predominate at the diencephalic level.

What is dangerous

In the absence of timely diagnosis of polycystic disease, treatment may be useless - serious health complications progress. You don't have to wait for a successful conception, the real chances of getting pregnant from immature eggs are completely excluded. The patient has not only problems with the onset of menstruation, potential complications with women's health are presented below:

• predisposition to type 2 diabetes mellitus;
• the development of cardiovascular pathologies against the background of an increase in blood cholesterol;
• endometrial cancer, malignant tumors of the walls of the uterus;
• endometrial hyperplasia;
• hyperandrogenism with a noticeable hormonal imbalance.

Symptoms

Therapy of polycystic disease begins with clarifying the symptoms and characteristics of the pathological process, which affects the ovarian capsules. In addition to the absence of the long-awaited fertilization, polycystic ovaries are manifested by such changes in general well-being:

• irregular menstrual cycle;
• soreness with planned uterine bleeding;
• signs of increased hair growth of the skin of a woman;
• dysfunction of the adrenal glands;
• acne and acne;
• ovarian problems;
• high blood pressure.

How to identify polycystic ovary

The woman draws attention to the fact that with visible health for a long time she is not able to successfully conceive a child. When follicles are formed, you can find out by ultrasound of the uterus, while eliminating the risk of the development and growth of pathogenic neoplasms. It is urgent to undergo ultrasound diagnostics in order to correctly and timely differentiate the disease. With polycystic syndrome, an integrated approach is required that includes a number of laboratory tests and therapeutic measures.

Analyzes

The specificity of the clinical picture is determined by a blood test for the detection of luteinizing, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), DEA-sulfate, cortisol. It is important to identify sensitivity to testosterone, thyroxine, estrogen, insulin, 17-OH-progesterone, triiodothyronine and thyrotropin. This laboratory test helps to exclude diagnoses with similar symptoms, such as:

• cushing's syndrome;
• adrenogenital syndrome;
• hyperprolactinemia;
• hypothyroidism.

Signs of PCOS on ultrasound

Ultrasound and ovarian laparoscopy are informative diagnostic methods, carried out in a hospital setting. On the screen, you can see a smooth capsule up to 5-6 cm long and 4 cm wide. Visualized as suspicious blackout. The density of the ovarian capsule can be judged by the number of follicles in its cavity. Signs of an increase in the size of the ovaries, other already tangible symptoms are not excluded.

Treatment of polycystic ovary

Since the pathology is accompanied by unstable insulin resistance, it is required to treat polycystic disease with the participation of substitution therapy. Unauthorized actions of the patient are strictly prohibited. The disease is subject to conservative and surgical treatment at the discretion of a specialist, since in the first case, a full recovery is guaranteed by 50%. So, the conservative method provides for hormonal therapy with the participation of the drug Metformin and contraceptives. The operation involves the process of removing the part of the ovary that synthesizes androgen.

Drugs

To restore the function of the pituitary and hypothalamus, it is required to take oral contraceptives with antiandrogenic properties for 2 to 3 months in the absence of planning a pregnancy. It can be tablets Janine, Jess, Regulon, Yarina. Representatives of other pharmacological groups are also needed:

1. Drugs to stimulate ovulation if you want to get pregnant: Duphaston, Clomid, Utrozhestan, Clomiphene. Hormonal pills are supposed to be taken according to a certain scheme for up to 4 months.
2. Antiandrogens for blocking male hormones in polycystic disease: Veroshpiron, Flutamide. Preparations in the form of tablets with a diuretic effect, it is supposed to take up to 3 pills per day.
3. Drugs for increasing insulin sensitivity in polycystic disease: Glucophage, Metfogamma, Bagomet.

Operation

If the positive dynamics of conservative treatment is completely absent throughout the year, the doctor resorts to surgical intervention. Previously, it was laparoscopy (ovarian resection), but in modern medicine this method is considered morally obsolete, and the gynecologist recommends wedge resection and electrocoagulation. In the first case, small cysts can be removed with a medical instrument, in the second, the surgeon acts with a needle electrode.

Diet

Radical changes are coming in the daily diet after diagnosis. For example, the calorie content of food should not exceed 1800 - 2000 Kcal, while eating is supposed to be up to 5 - 6 times. The norm of carbohydrates is 45% of the total calories, while the concentration of proteins is not standardized. The ratio of animal and vegetable fats should be 1: 3. Below are the products permitted for ovarian pathologies:

• fruits and vegetables, fresh herbs;
• low fat dairy products;
• lean meats and fish;
• mushrooms, legumes, cereals.

Prohibited foods for polycystic disease are as follows:

• fast food;
• bakery products;
• sweets;
• potatoes;
• fast food products.

Folk remedies

It is not necessary to exclude the presence in a specific clinical picture of treatment with alternative methods. However, such therapy can only be auxiliary and must be discussed with the attending physician. Here are some effective and commonly available recipes:

1. Pour 80 g of boron uterus with 500 ml of vodka, leave in a dark place for 2 weeks. Take the finished composition inside 0.5 tsp. three times a day for 2-4 weeks.
2. 100 g of green peeled walnuts are required to fall asleep 800 g of sugar, pour the same amount of vodka. The composition should be infused for 2 weeks, taken orally for 1 tsp. for 3 weeks.
3. Decoctions of nettle or milk thistle, prepared according to the recipe on the package, also provide a positive dynamics of polycystic disease. It is allowed to be treated in this way up to 2 - 4 weeks.

Pregnancy with polycystic ovary

Women with such a health problem are interested in the question of whether it is possible to become pregnant with polycystic ovary. Over the past decade, this has become a reality with the use of oral contraceptives for treatment, long-term hormone therapy and ovarian stimulation. The patient's chances of becoming a mother are 1: 1, and if the answer is negative, after the completed treatment, it is worth continuing substitution therapy. After successful conception, the woman must remain under strict medical supervision.

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